Standard No.:	GB/T 20284-2026
English Name:	Single burning item test for building material and product
Chinese Name:	建筑材料及制品的单体燃烧试验
Professional Classification:	GB    National Standard
Source Content Issued by:	SAMR, SAC
Issued on:	2026-03-31
Implemented on:	2026-10-1
Status:	to be valid
Superseding:	GB/T 20284-2006 Single burning item test for building materials and products
Target Language:	English
File Format:	PDF
Word Count:	20000 words
Translation Price(USD):	600.0
Delivery:	via email in 1~8 business day

GB/T 20284-2026 Single burning item test for building material and product English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered. ICS CCS National Standard of the People's Republic of China ‌GB/T 20284-2026 Replaces GB/T 20284-2006 Single burning item test for building material and product 建筑材料及制品的单体燃烧试验 Issue date: 2026-03-31 Implementation date: 2026-10-01 Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China Contents Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 Test Apparatus 4.1 General 4.2 Combustion Chamber 4.3 Trolley 4.4 Ignition Source 4.5 Smoke Collection Hood 4.6 Exhaust Duct 4.7 Measuring Instruments in the Exhaust Duct 4.8 White Light Smoke Measurement System 4.9 Flue Gas Analysis Instruments 4.10 Environmental Parameter Measuring Instruments 4.11 Data Acquisition System 5 Calibration of the Test Apparatus 5.1 General 5.2 Daily Calibration 5.3 System Calibration 6 Test Specimens 6.1 Specimen Dimensions 6.2 Number of Specimens 6.3 Conditioning of Specimens 6.4 Mounting of Specimens 6.5 Mounting of Specimen Wings on the Trolley 7 Test Procedure 7.1 General Requirements 7.2 Test Steps 7.3 Observation of Phenomena 7.4 Data Acquisition 7.5 Premature Termination of the Test 8 Expression of Test Results 9 Test Report Annex A (Normative) Calculation Procedures A.1 General Requirements A.2 Data Synchronisation A.3 Equipment Response Check A.4 Heat Output A.5 Smoke Production A.6 Calculation of Propane Heat Release Rate for Calibration Annex B (Normative) System Calibration Procedures B.1 Calibration of Equipment Components B.2 Calibration of System Response Annex C (Informative) Equipment Verification Procedures C.1 Verification of Individual Equipment Components C.2 Verification of Specimen Heating Annex D (Informative) Examples of Standard Mounting of Specimens D.1 General D.2 Flat Building Materials and Products D.3 Tubular Insulation Materials and Products D.4 Other Tubular Materials and Products Bibliography Single burning item test for building materials and products WARNING — It is essential that personnel using this document have practical experience in laboratory work. This document does not purport to address all possible safety concerns. It is the responsibility of the user to take appropriate safety and health measures. 1 Scope This document describes a method for determining the burning behaviour of building materials and products using a single burning item test apparatus. This document applies to the determination of the burning behaviour of building materials, decorative materials and products used in industrial and civil buildings. The determination of the burning behaviour of materials and products used in other locations may refer to this document. This document does not apply to the determination of the burning behaviour of floor covering materials. 2 Normative References The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies. GB/T 5907.1 Fire protection vocabulary — Part 1: General terms GB/T 5907.2 Fire protection vocabulary — Part 2: Fire prevention GB 8624 Classification for burning behaviour of building materials and products GB/T 16839.1 Thermocouples — Part 1: EMF specifications and tolerances GB/T 40238 Building materials and products — Substrate selection, conditioning and installation requirements for fire tests 3 Terms and Definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5907.1, GB/T 5907.2, GB 8624 and the following apply. 3.1 backing board A calcium silicate board placed on the back of a selfsupporting specimen to support it. 3.2 specimen The product used for the test. NOTE: Includes the mounting technique used in practice, appropriate air gaps and/or the substrate. 3.3 substrate The material placed behind the product, either in direct contact with the product or with an appropriate air gap. NOTE: Relevant information about the substrate shall be provided. 3.4 heat release rate; HRR The heat released per unit time by a material or component during combustion. 3.5 total heat release; THR The integral of the heat release rate over a specified period. EXAMPLE: THR₆₀₀ₛ is the total heat release during the first 600 s of exposure of the specimen to the fire. 3.6 total smoke production; TSP The integral of the smoke production rate over a specified period. EXAMPLE: TSP₆₀₀ₛ is the total smoke production during the first 600 s of exposure of the specimen to the fire. 3.7 lateral flame spread; LFS The lateral spread of flames on the long wing of the specimen. NOTE: The detailed description of LFS is given in 7.3.1. 3.8 fire growth rate index; FIGRA The maximum value of the ratio of the heat release rate of the specimen to the time of exposure to the fire. EXAMPLE 1: FIGRA₀.₂ₘⱼ is the maximum value of the ratio of the heat release rate to the time of exposure after the total heat released has reached 0.2 MJ. EXAMPLE 2: FIGRA₀.₄ₘⱼ is the maximum value of the ratio of the heat release rate to the time of exposure after the total heat released has reached 0.4 MJ. NOTE: The detailed description of FIGRA₀.₂ₘⱼ and FIGRA₀.₄ₘⱼ is given in A.4.3. 3.9 smoke growth rate index; SMOGRA The maximum value of the ratio of the smoke production rate of the specimen to the time of exposure to the fire. NOTE: The detailed description of SMOGRA is given in A.5.3. 3.10 sustained flaming The persistence of flaming on or above the specimen surface for a period of time. 4 Test Apparatus 4.1 General The test apparatus includes a combustion chamber, a trolley, an ignition source, a smoke collection hood, an exhaust duct, measuring instruments in the exhaust duct, a white light smoke measurement system, flue gas analysis instruments, etc. A schematic diagram of the test apparatus is shown in Figure 1. 4.2 Combustion chamber 4.2.1 A schematic diagram of the combustion chamber is shown in Figure 2. The internal floor dimensions of the combustion chamber are (3.0 ± 0.1) m × (3.0 ± 0.1) m, and the height is (2.4 ± 0.1) m. The construction materials of the walls, floor and ceiling of the combustion chamber shall have a burning performance of class A (noncombustible) according to GB 8624, and the thickness shall not be less than 20 mm. NOTE: Masonry blocks (e.g., cellular concrete), gypsum boards and calcium silicate boards are typical construction materials for the walls, floor and ceiling of the combustion chamber. 4.2.2 The combustion chamber walls shall be provided with one trolley entrance/exit, two specimen observation windows and one door. The chamber ceiling shall be provided with one smoke collection opening. The width of the trolley entrance/exit shall not be less than 1470 mm, and the height shall not be less than 2450 mm. The specimen observation windows shall be located on the two walls directly opposite the exposed face of the specimen. The door should be located in the wall directly opposite the trolley entrance/exit. The smoke collection hood is connected to its support frame at the smoke collection opening, and the connection shall be sealed. 4.2.3 When the trolley is in position in the combustion chamber, the distance between the exposed face of the long wing of the specimen and the corresponding wall is (2.1 ± 0.1) m, and the distance between the exposed face of the short wing of the specimen and the corresponding wall is (2.7 ± 0.1) m (see Figure 2). After the combustion chamber door is closed, the combustion chamber shall have no openings other than the air inlet under the trolley and the exhaust outlet of the smoke collection hood (see Figure 1). 4.3 Trolley The trolley is used to carry the specimen (see Figure 1). When the trolley is in position in the combustion chamber, the trolley entrance/exit shall be sealed, with the exception of the air inlet under the trolley. Perforated plates with an aperture of 8 mm to 12 mm and an open area ratio of 40 % to 60 % shall be fitted to the front, left and right sides of the bottom of the trolley. The specimen shall be mounted on the trolley floor (see 6.5), and the trolley floor