1. Scope
The code specifies the fundamental principles and the design requirements that oil gas piping design of fossil fuel power plants shall comply with.
This code is applicable to type selection and calculation for sfuel-air system, oil gas piping design, and implement.
The code is not applicable to piping design for liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas.
2. Normative references
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to apply in the standard.
GB 150 Steel Pressure Vessels
GB/T 4830 Pressure Range and Quality of Air Supply for the Industrial Process Measurement and Control Instruments
GB 50057 Design Code for Protection of Structures against Lightning
GB 50058 Electrical Installation Design for Explosive Atmospheres and Fire Hazard
GB 50074 Code for Design of Oil Depo
GB 50193 Code of Design for Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing System
GB 50251 Design Code for Gas Transportion Pipeline Engineering
GB 50253 Design Code for Oil Transportation Pipeline Engineering
GB 50229 Code for Design of Fire Protection for Fossil Fuel Power Plants and Substations
DL 5000 Technical Code for Designing Fossil Fuel Power Plants
DL/T 5054 Code for Design of Fossil Fuel Power Plant Steam/water Piping
DL/T 5072 Code for Designing Insulation and Painting of Fossil Fuel Power Plant
DL/T 5174 Design Rule for Combined-cycle Power Plant
3 General Provisions
3.0.1 This code is estanlished to uniform fuel-gas system and piping design standards of fossil fuel power plants, guide oil gas piping design and installation, improve the quality of design, reduce the construction cost, and to enable to oil gas piping of fossil fuel power plants to run safely and economically.
3.0.2 Oil gas piping is generic terms of oil-piping and gas-piping of fossil fuel power plants, and consisits of fuel piping, lubricant oil and assisting oil-piping, natural gas piping, compressed air piping, hydrogen gas piping, oxygen pipe piping, nitrogen gas piping, carbon dioxide piping, vacuum piping, acetylene piping and so on.
3.0.3 In oil gas piping design, vanguard technology shall be adopted actively, and design planning shall be optimized fully to make the engineering to be of safety and stability, economic feasibility and low construction cost.
3.0.4 If the power plant is located in the area which the basic earthquake intensity is 7 or higher, intensity check calculation under seismic effect shall be taken out for oil gas piping and implements design and installation, and effective earthquake protective measures shall be taken out.
3.0.5 Safety fire prevention for oil gas piping and implements shall be designed and combined with fire-fighting design in accordance with engineering practical situation, and shall comply with relative national fire-fighting provisions. Effective fire-fighting techniques shall be adopted.
3.0.6 Oil gas piping design must comply with provisions in national environmental regulations. Deleterious agents from fuel-gas system must be dispoesd properly, and the density of exhaust emissions shall meet discharging regulations of national standards and provincial standards.
3.0.7 Oil gas piping design shall comply with relative provisions of national, electric industry standards and other industries, besides relative regulations in GB 50251, GB 50253, GB 50229 and DL 5000.
4. Fuel Oil System and Piping
4.1 Fuel Oil System
4.1.1 The design scope of fuel oil system covers implement and piping realted to oil discharge, oil storage, oil supply (transfer), fuel return, oily water treatment, and oil heating, tracing, cleaning, and unloading.
4.1.2 For boiler starting and combustion supporting oil system of coal-fired power plant, designed output, oil tank capacity, and selection of unloading pump and supply (transfer) oil pump shall be designed in accordance with relative regulations in DL 5000.
The fuel system of combined-cycle power plant shall be designed in accordance with relative regulations in DL 5000 and DL/T 5174.
4.1.3 fuel oil system shall be identified in accordance with practical situations such as engineering oil-burning apparatus, oil quality, oil source and transportation means. Based on the satisfaction to oil-burning apparatus requirements, reasonable system process and design parameter shall be identifeied, and the design shall be optimized through multi-scheme comparison.
For multi-oil combustion boiler or gas-oil boiler, the fuel oil system shall be arranged independently in accordance with fuel type.
For combined-cycle power plant that different oil products are used in plant unit starting and normal running, the fuel oil system shall be arranged independently in accordance with fuel type.
4.1.4 The oil delivery means shall be identified in accordance with factors like oil supply channel, fuel oil type and transportation conditionsFor power plants with large oil consumption, rail tank or waterway oil tanker should be adopted; for power plant that has reliable and short-distance oil source, piping direct transmission or oil trucking to the plant should be adopted.
4.1.5 When the quality of heavy oil (including residual oil) used in the power plant changes within a certain range, the fuel oil system shall be designed in accordance with oil quality differential and oil product of high viscocity and the system shall be able to adapt the quality variation range of heavy oil.
4.1.6 If the expansion conditions are reserved in the power plant, the influence and requirement of power plant expansion to fuel oil system, implements and piping shall be considered fully in the fuel oil system design.
4.1.7 The designed oil consumption of oil power plant fuel-oil system should be 110%~120% of the oil consumption required by the boiler maximum-continuous evaporative capacity of whole plant.
The oil return volume of the fuel oil system shall be identified in accordance with oil burner characteristic, combustion security protection requirement and oil parameters, and shall not be less than 10% of the oil consumption.
4.1.8 The oil reserve volume (oil tank gross capacity) of the oil power plant shall be identified factors like oil transportation means and oil supply period, and shall also be identified in accordance with following principles.
1. For watercraft transportation, the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the max 10~15days oil consumption of the whole plant boiler;
2. For rail or road transport means, the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the max 10~15days oil consumption of the whole plant boiler, and the upper limit shall be adopted for country-level rail trunk line;
3. For oil piping delivery, the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the max 2~3 days oil consumption of the whole plant boiler;
4. for power plant that oil is supplied through storage oil piping by the enterprise nearby the power plant, oil tank of everyday use may be emplaced, and the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the one-day max oil consumption of the plant boilers;
5. For other oils transportation means, the oil reserve volume shall be identified through survey.
4.1.9 For combined-cycle power plant, the oil return volume of the fuel oil system shall satisfy the requirements of gas turbine stable operation under the variance of loading.
4.2 Oil Discharge Piping
4.2.1 The range of oil discharge system covers implements, piping and accessories from oil self-discharge trestle work or wharf, oil trap or base pipe, zero-level tank and unloading pump, to oil tanks.
4.2.2 Oil discharge trestle work or wharf shall be disposed in accordance with following provisions:
1. Oil discharge trestle work shall be emplaced for rail oil tansportation. Oil discharge railroad should be arranged as integral road bed, and shall be straight and smoooth without slopes. Shallow bunker shall be emplaced on both sides. Movable steel ladders should be emplaced on trestle work.
For coal-burning power plants, the length of oil discharge trestle work shall be designed in accordance with 4~10 oil tank cars, and the trestle work width shall not be less than 1.2m. Oil discharge line may be arranged unilaterally.
For oil power plant, the length of oil discharge trestle work should be designed in accordance with 24 oil tank cars and half of whole train length, and the width should not be less than 1.5m. Oil discharge lines may arranged bilaterally.
2. Oil discharge wharf shall be built for oil tanker transportation. When oil discharge wharf and coal wharf are shared, oil discharge and coal discharge shall be taken out at different sub-zones.
3. Automobile oil discharge platform shall be arranged for oil trucking means. Automobile passing in and out shall be easy and fast, the site size shall satisfy reversal requirement, and the ground shall be of certain gradient. Around oil discharge platform are not piping and other facilities to obstruct auto reversing.
4. Designs for oil discharge trestle work, wharf and platform shall satisfy fire-fighting requirements, and illumination lights shall be explosion proof
4.2.3 Oil discharge modes may be lower loading or upper unload, and shall comply with following provisions:
1. For oil discharge of rail transport, lower unloading should be adopted for heavy oil products, and crane pipe upper unloading or lower unloading for light oil products. When lower unloading is adopted, a group of upper unloading crane pipe should be emplaced at the trestle work end.
2 In oil discharge of waterway tanker transportation, whether wharf unloading pump (oil discharge booster pump) shall be identified through the calculation in accordance with the output and the delivery head of oil tanker unloading pump, oil product viscocity, distance to the oil tank, and elevation.
For large and medium-sized oil tanker discharging, oil loading arm shall be arranged in wharf, and quick joints shall be emplaced at the arm end to connect the oil tanker oil pipeline.
3. For road transport oil discharge, lower unloading should be adopted. Oil discharge joints should not be less than 3, and soft pipes and quick joints shall be used to connect with automobile.
4.2.4 When strong drawing unloading of vacuumizing auxiliary system is adopted for fuel oil system, the tightness of oil discharge piping system shall be ensured, flanged connections shall be reduced to ensure the discharge velocity.
4.2.5 Arrangements of implement, valve and pipe on oil discharge trestle work shall not obstruct tank truck traffic channel. Oil discharge crane pipe shall rise, fall and rotate smoothly, and shall be sealed well. Upper oil discharge crane pipe shall be shielded rubber pipe, and connected with electrostatic copper wire.
4.2.6 When oil tranported by oil wagon and oil tanker need be discharged through heating, the measures to control the heating temperature of oil product shall be available. After oil is heated, the crude oil temperature shall not be larger than 45℃, the diesel oil temperature shall not be larger than 50℃, and the heavy oil temperature shall not be larger than 80℃. Steam heating should be adopted for heavy oil unloading, and the heating steam temperature shall be less than 250℃.
4.2.7 For heavy oil or residual oil, steam tracer pipe shall be arranged for oil discharge pipes on oil discharge trestle work.
4.2.8 Enclosed oil discharge shall be adopted for Class A and B oil wagon discharge, and quick joint shall be adopted to connect.
4.2.9 Fuel metering equipment and oil quality analytical sampling pipe should be installed on oil discharge pipe.
4.3 Oil Supply and Oil Return Pipe
4.3.1 The range of oil supply system covers implements, piping and accessary from oil tank, oil feed pump, fuel oil heater, and fuel-metering unit to boiler burner.
4.3.2 The connecting mode of oil feed pump in
Contents
1. Scope
2. Normative references
3. General Provisions
4. Fuel Oil System and Piping
4.1 Fuel Oil System
4.2 Oil Discharge Piping
4.3 Oil Supply and Oil Return Pipe
4.4 Oil Tank and Fuel Oil Heater
4.5 Oil Pump and Oil Pump Room
4.6 Design Calculation for Fuel Oil Passage
4.7 Oil-pipe Scavenge and Oily Water Treatment
4.8 Oil Pipe Tracing and Heat Preservation
4.9 Fuel Oil Passage Arrangement
4.10 Selection of Fuel Oil Passage Accessary
4.11 Diesel Electric Generator Set Oil-piping
5. Lubricant and Auxiliary Oil Piping
5.1 General Provision
5.2 Turbo-engine Lube Piping
5.3 Transmission Machine Lubricant Piping
5.4 Lubricating Oil Treatment System and Piping
5.5 Accident Outlet Oil Piping
5.6 Lubricant Piping Accessary Selection
6. Natural Gas Piping
6.1 General Provisions
6.2 Process Calculation
6.3 Gas Transmission Pressure Regulating Station
6.4 Natural Gas Piping Arrangement
6.5 Natural Gas Pipe Safe Bleeding
6.6 Natural Gas Pipe Accessary Selection
7. Compressed Air Piping
7.1 General Provions
7.2 Air Compressor Selection and Arrangement
7.3 Air Drying Purification Apparatus
7.4 Compressed Air Piping Arrangement
8. Other Gas Piping
8.1 General Provisions
8.2 Hydrogen Gas Piping
8.3 Oxygen Piping
8.4 Nitrogen Gas Piping
8.5 Carbon Dioxide Piping
8.6 Vacuum Piping
8.7 Acetylene Piping
9. Oil Gas Piping Support and Hanger Design
9.1 Support and Hanger Arrangement
9.2 The Max Allowable Spacing Interval of Support and Hanger
9.3 Loading Calculation for Support and Hanger
9.4 Support and Hanger Sprung Selection
10. Oil Gas Piping Safety Protection
10.1 Paint Corrosion Protection
10.2 Fire Break
10.3 Fire Prevention and Explosion Protection
10.4 Grounding for Lightening
11. Oil Gas Pipeline Welding and Expriment
11.1 Welding
11.2 Pressure Test
11.3 Pigging
Appendix A
1. Scope
The code specifies the fundamental principles and the design requirements that oil gas piping design of fossil fuel power plants shall comply with.
This code is applicable to type selection and calculation for sfuel-air system, oil gas piping design, and implement.
The code is not applicable to piping design for liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas.
2. Normative references
The following documents contain contents which, through reference in this text, composite provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excepting corrigenda content) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. Parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to apply in the standard.
GB 150 Steel Pressure Vessels
GB/T 4830 Pressure Range and Quality of Air Supply for the Industrial Process Measurement and Control Instruments
GB 50057 Design Code for Protection of Structures against Lightning
GB 50058 Electrical Installation Design for Explosive Atmospheres and Fire Hazard
GB 50074 Code for Design of Oil Depo
GB 50193 Code of Design for Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing System
GB 50251 Design Code for Gas Transportion Pipeline Engineering
GB 50253 Design Code for Oil Transportation Pipeline Engineering
GB 50229 Code for Design of Fire Protection for Fossil Fuel Power Plants and Substations
DL 5000 Technical Code for Designing Fossil Fuel Power Plants
DL/T 5054 Code for Design of Fossil Fuel Power Plant Steam/water Piping
DL/T 5072 Code for Designing Insulation and Painting of Fossil Fuel Power Plant
DL/T 5174 Design Rule for Combined-cycle Power Plant
3 General Provisions
3.0.1 This code is estanlished to uniform fuel-gas system and piping design standards of fossil fuel power plants, guide oil gas piping design and installation, improve the quality of design, reduce the construction cost, and to enable to oil gas piping of fossil fuel power plants to run safely and economically.
3.0.2 Oil gas piping is generic terms of oil-piping and gas-piping of fossil fuel power plants, and consisits of fuel piping, lubricant oil and assisting oil-piping, natural gas piping, compressed air piping, hydrogen gas piping, oxygen pipe piping, nitrogen gas piping, carbon dioxide piping, vacuum piping, acetylene piping and so on.
3.0.3 In oil gas piping design, vanguard technology shall be adopted actively, and design planning shall be optimized fully to make the engineering to be of safety and stability, economic feasibility and low construction cost.
3.0.4 If the power plant is located in the area which the basic earthquake intensity is 7 or higher, intensity check calculation under seismic effect shall be taken out for oil gas piping and implements design and installation, and effective earthquake protective measures shall be taken out.
3.0.5 Safety fire prevention for oil gas piping and implements shall be designed and combined with fire-fighting design in accordance with engineering practical situation, and shall comply with relative national fire-fighting provisions. Effective fire-fighting techniques shall be adopted.
3.0.6 Oil gas piping design must comply with provisions in national environmental regulations. Deleterious agents from fuel-gas system must be dispoesd properly, and the density of exhaust emissions shall meet discharging regulations of national standards and provincial standards.
3.0.7 Oil gas piping design shall comply with relative provisions of national, electric industry standards and other industries, besides relative regulations in GB 50251, GB 50253, GB 50229 and DL 5000.
4. Fuel Oil System and Piping
4.1 Fuel Oil System
4.1.1 The design scope of fuel oil system covers implement and piping realted to oil discharge, oil storage, oil supply (transfer), fuel return, oily water treatment, and oil heating, tracing, cleaning, and unloading.
4.1.2 For boiler starting and combustion supporting oil system of coal-fired power plant, designed output, oil tank capacity, and selection of unloading pump and supply (transfer) oil pump shall be designed in accordance with relative regulations in DL 5000.
The fuel system of combined-cycle power plant shall be designed in accordance with relative regulations in DL 5000 and DL/T 5174.
4.1.3 fuel oil system shall be identified in accordance with practical situations such as engineering oil-burning apparatus, oil quality, oil source and transportation means. Based on the satisfaction to oil-burning apparatus requirements, reasonable system process and design parameter shall be identifeied, and the design shall be optimized through multi-scheme comparison.
For multi-oil combustion boiler or gas-oil boiler, the fuel oil system shall be arranged independently in accordance with fuel type.
For combined-cycle power plant that different oil products are used in plant unit starting and normal running, the fuel oil system shall be arranged independently in accordance with fuel type.
4.1.4 The oil delivery means shall be identified in accordance with factors like oil supply channel, fuel oil type and transportation conditionsFor power plants with large oil consumption, rail tank or waterway oil tanker should be adopted; for power plant that has reliable and short-distance oil source, piping direct transmission or oil trucking to the plant should be adopted.
4.1.5 When the quality of heavy oil (including residual oil) used in the power plant changes within a certain range, the fuel oil system shall be designed in accordance with oil quality differential and oil product of high viscocity and the system shall be able to adapt the quality variation range of heavy oil.
4.1.6 If the expansion conditions are reserved in the power plant, the influence and requirement of power plant expansion to fuel oil system, implements and piping shall be considered fully in the fuel oil system design.
4.1.7 The designed oil consumption of oil power plant fuel-oil system should be 110%~120% of the oil consumption required by the boiler maximum-continuous evaporative capacity of whole plant.
The oil return volume of the fuel oil system shall be identified in accordance with oil burner characteristic, combustion security protection requirement and oil parameters, and shall not be less than 10% of the oil consumption.
4.1.8 The oil reserve volume (oil tank gross capacity) of the oil power plant shall be identified factors like oil transportation means and oil supply period, and shall also be identified in accordance with following principles.
1. For watercraft transportation, the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the max 10~15days oil consumption of the whole plant boiler;
2. For rail or road transport means, the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the max 10~15days oil consumption of the whole plant boiler, and the upper limit shall be adopted for country-level rail trunk line;
3. For oil piping delivery, the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the max 2~3 days oil consumption of the whole plant boiler;
4. for power plant that oil is supplied through storage oil piping by the enterprise nearby the power plant, oil tank of everyday use may be emplaced, and the oil reserve volume shall be calculated in accordance with the one-day max oil consumption of the plant boilers;
5. For other oils transportation means, the oil reserve volume shall be identified through survey.
4.1.9 For combined-cycle power plant, the oil return volume of the fuel oil system shall satisfy the requirements of gas turbine stable operation under the variance of loading.
4.2 Oil Discharge Piping
4.2.1 The range of oil discharge system covers implements, piping and accessories from oil self-discharge trestle work or wharf, oil trap or base pipe, zero-level tank and unloading pump, to oil tanks.
4.2.2 Oil discharge trestle work or wharf shall be disposed in accordance with following provisions:
1. Oil discharge trestle work shall be emplaced for rail oil tansportation. Oil discharge railroad should be arranged as integral road bed, and shall be straight and smoooth without slopes. Shallow bunker shall be emplaced on both sides. Movable steel ladders should be emplaced on trestle work.
For coal-burning power plants, the length of oil discharge trestle work shall be designed in accordance with 4~10 oil tank cars, and the trestle work width shall not be less than 1.2m. Oil discharge line may be arranged unilaterally.
For oil power plant, the length of oil discharge trestle work should be designed in accordance with 24 oil tank cars and half of whole train length, and the width should not be less than 1.5m. Oil discharge lines may arranged bilaterally.
2. Oil discharge wharf shall be built for oil tanker transportation. When oil discharge wharf and coal wharf are shared, oil discharge and coal discharge shall be taken out at different sub-zones.
3. Automobile oil discharge platform shall be arranged for oil trucking means. Automobile passing in and out shall be easy and fast, the site size shall satisfy reversal requirement, and the ground shall be of certain gradient. Around oil discharge platform are not piping and other facilities to obstruct auto reversing.
4. Designs for oil discharge trestle work, wharf and platform shall satisfy fire-fighting requirements, and illumination lights shall be explosion proof
4.2.3 Oil discharge modes may be lower loading or upper unload, and shall comply with following provisions:
1. For oil discharge of rail transport, lower unloading should be adopted for heavy oil products, and crane pipe upper unloading or lower unloading for light oil products. When lower unloading is adopted, a group of upper unloading crane pipe should be emplaced at the trestle work end.
2 In oil discharge of waterway tanker transportation, whether wharf unloading pump (oil discharge booster pump) shall be identified through the calculation in accordance with the output and the delivery head of oil tanker unloading pump, oil product viscocity, distance to the oil tank, and elevation.
For large and medium-sized oil tanker discharging, oil loading arm shall be arranged in wharf, and quick joints shall be emplaced at the arm end to connect the oil tanker oil pipeline.
3. For road transport oil discharge, lower unloading should be adopted. Oil discharge joints should not be less than 3, and soft pipes and quick joints shall be used to connect with automobile.
4.2.4 When strong drawing unloading of vacuumizing auxiliary system is adopted for fuel oil system, the tightness of oil discharge piping system shall be ensured, flanged connections shall be reduced to ensure the discharge velocity.
4.2.5 Arrangements of implement, valve and pipe on oil discharge trestle work shall not obstruct tank truck traffic channel. Oil discharge crane pipe shall rise, fall and rotate smoothly, and shall be sealed well. Upper oil discharge crane pipe shall be shielded rubber pipe, and connected with electrostatic copper wire.
4.2.6 When oil tranported by oil wagon and oil tanker need be discharged through heating, the measures to control the heating temperature of oil product shall be available. After oil is heated, the crude oil temperature shall not be larger than 45℃, the diesel oil temperature shall not be larger than 50℃, and the heavy oil temperature shall not be larger than 80℃. Steam heating should be adopted for heavy oil unloading, and the heating steam temperature shall be less than 250℃.
4.2.7 For heavy oil or residual oil, steam tracer pipe shall be arranged for oil discharge pipes on oil discharge trestle work.
4.2.8 Enclosed oil discharge shall be adopted for Class A and B oil wagon discharge, and quick joint shall be adopted to connect.
4.2.9 Fuel metering equipment and oil quality analytical sampling pipe should be installed on oil discharge pipe.
4.3 Oil Supply and Oil Return Pipe
4.3.1 The range of oil supply system covers implements, piping and accessary from oil tank, oil feed pump, fuel oil heater, and fuel-metering unit to boiler burner.
4.3.2 The connecting mode of oil feed pump in
Contents of DL/T 5204-2005
Contents
1. Scope
2. Normative references
3. General Provisions
4. Fuel Oil System and Piping
4.1 Fuel Oil System
4.2 Oil Discharge Piping
4.3 Oil Supply and Oil Return Pipe
4.4 Oil Tank and Fuel Oil Heater
4.5 Oil Pump and Oil Pump Room
4.6 Design Calculation for Fuel Oil Passage
4.7 Oil-pipe Scavenge and Oily Water Treatment
4.8 Oil Pipe Tracing and Heat Preservation
4.9 Fuel Oil Passage Arrangement
4.10 Selection of Fuel Oil Passage Accessary
4.11 Diesel Electric Generator Set Oil-piping
5. Lubricant and Auxiliary Oil Piping
5.1 General Provision
5.2 Turbo-engine Lube Piping
5.3 Transmission Machine Lubricant Piping
5.4 Lubricating Oil Treatment System and Piping
5.5 Accident Outlet Oil Piping
5.6 Lubricant Piping Accessary Selection
6. Natural Gas Piping
6.1 General Provisions
6.2 Process Calculation
6.3 Gas Transmission Pressure Regulating Station
6.4 Natural Gas Piping Arrangement
6.5 Natural Gas Pipe Safe Bleeding
6.6 Natural Gas Pipe Accessary Selection
7. Compressed Air Piping
7.1 General Provions
7.2 Air Compressor Selection and Arrangement
7.3 Air Drying Purification Apparatus
7.4 Compressed Air Piping Arrangement
8. Other Gas Piping
8.1 General Provisions
8.2 Hydrogen Gas Piping
8.3 Oxygen Piping
8.4 Nitrogen Gas Piping
8.5 Carbon Dioxide Piping
8.6 Vacuum Piping
8.7 Acetylene Piping
9. Oil Gas Piping Support and Hanger Design
9.1 Support and Hanger Arrangement
9.2 The Max Allowable Spacing Interval of Support and Hanger
9.3 Loading Calculation for Support and Hanger
9.4 Support and Hanger Sprung Selection
10. Oil Gas Piping Safety Protection
10.1 Paint Corrosion Protection
10.2 Fire Break
10.3 Fire Prevention and Explosion Protection
10.4 Grounding for Lightening
11. Oil Gas Pipeline Welding and Expriment
11.1 Welding
11.2 Pressure Test
11.3 Pigging
Appendix A
