GB/T 18029.30-2024 Wheelchairs - Part 30: Wheelchairs for changing occupant posture - Test methods and requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the test methods and requirements for determining the safety and performance of a manual and/or power wheelchair that incorporates technology to alter the posture of the wheelchair occupant, which are either electrically or manually operated by the occupant or assistant during normal wheelchair use. This can include recline, tilt, elevate and stand-up mechanisms or a combination of these. In order for a wheelchair to be able to recline, tilt, elevate and/or stand-up, the wheelchair requires additional mechanisms and mechanical structures to allow these features to operate. This document specifies the different functional and strength tests required to test these wheelchairs in critical configurations of their adjustable range.
This document does not cover wheelchairs where the only operator adjustable body support system (OABSS) is adjustable limb or head postural support devices alone (e.g. elevating leg supports).
This document does not include wheelchair and postural support device customization during initial or subsequent setup of a wheelchair for an individual occupant. It also does not reflect other factors that can influence wheelchair stability such as occupant movement, cushion thickness, and the addition of ancillary equipment (e.g. respiratory support items).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 18029.1-2024 Wheelchairs - Part 1: Determination of static stability (ISO 7176-1:2014, IDT)
GB/T 18029.2-2022 Wheelchairs - Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electrically powered wheelchairs (ISO 7176-2:2017, IDT)
GB/Z 18029.3-2021 Wheelchairs - Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes (ISO 7176-3:2012, IDT)
GB/Z 18029.4-2021 Wheelchairs - Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range (ISO 7176-4:2008, IDT)
GB/Z 18029.5-2021 Wheelchairs - Part 5: Determination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space (ISO 7176-5:2008, IDT)
GB/T 18029.6-2009 Wheelchairs - Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs (ISO 7176-6:2001, IDT)
GB/T 18029.8-2024 Wheelchairs - Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths (ISO 7176-8:2014, IDT)
ISO 7176-9 Wheelchairs - Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs
Note: GB/Z 18029.9-2021, Wheelchairs - Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs (ISO 7176-9:2009, IDT)
ISO 7176-10 Wheelchairs - Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electrically powered wheelchairs
Note: GB/Z 18029.10-2021, Wheelchairs - Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electrically powered wheelchairs (ISO 7176-10:2008, IDT)
ISO 7176-11 Wheelchairs - Part 11: Test dummies
Note: GB/Z 18029.11-2021, Wheelchairs - Part 11: Test dummies (ISO 7176-11:2012, IDT)
ISO 7176-14 Wheelchairs - Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters - Requirements and test methods
Note: GB/T 18029.14-2012, Wheelchairs - Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooter - Requirements and test methods (ISO 7176-14:2008, IDT)
ISO 7176-15 Wheelchairs - Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling
Note: GB/T 18029.15-2008, Wheelchairs - Part 15: Requirement for information disclosure, documentation and labelling (ISO 7176-15:1996, IDT)
ISO 7176-19 Wheelchairs - Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles
Note: GB/T 18029.19-2014, Wheelchairs - Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles (ISO 7176-19:2008, IDT)
ISO 7176-21 Wheelchairs - Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers
Note: GB/T 18029.21-2012, Wheelchairs - Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers (ISO 7176-21:2009, IDT)
ISO 7176-25 Wheelchairs - Part 25: Batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs
Note: GB/T 18029.25-2022, Wheelchairs - Part 25: Batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs (ISO 7176-25:2013, IDT)
ISO 7176-26 Wheelchairs - Part 26: Vocabulary
Note: GB/T 18029.26-2014, Wheelchairs - Part 26: Vocabulary (ISO 7176-26:2007, IDT)
ISO 16840-3:2022 Wheelchair seating - Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices
Note: GB/T 30661.3-2015, Wheelchair seating - Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices (ISO 16840.-3:2006, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7176-26 and the following apply.
3.1
operator adjustable body support system; OABSS
postural support adjustable without tools and while occupied, that together change the posture of the wheelchair occupant
Note: These include recline, tilt, elevate and stand-up systems, but do not include adjustable limb or head postural support devices alone (e.g. elevating leg supports).
3.2
mechanism
system that provides the means for transitioning elements of the OABSS (3.1) from one position to another
Note: For some functions, a mechanism can be able to move multiple postural support devices (e.g. a stand-up wheelchair system that can move upper torso support and lower leg support of the wheelchair), while for some other functions a mechanism can be simple (e.g. a mechanical back support recline).
3.3
seated reference configuration; SRC
reference configuration of the body support system where no OABSS mechanisms are operated
Note 1: Position the test dummy in a posture close to the seated reference position as defined in ISO 16840-1.
Note 2: In this configuration, the body support systems most closely match the setup requirements of ISO 7176-22 for the wheelchair.
Note 3: If the body support system elevates, adjust its elevation to achieve a ground clearance of 50 mm beneath the foot supports after appropriate adjustment of leg supports.
3.4
maximum adjustment configuration; MAC
configuration of the OABSS (3.1) that is the greatest change from the SRC (3.3), within the limits of normal human anatomical movement (toward full extension of all joints) and in this position adjusted to the greatest height of the occupant centre of mass
Note: For tilt, this would result in the maximum possible rearward rotation of the OABSS.
3.5
maximum driveable configuration; MDC
OABSS configuration closest to the MAC (3.4) which still allows the operator to effectively move the wheelchair in the horizontal plane to change location
Note 1: These configurations are described by the manufacturer and identified in the operator’s manual.
Note 2: It does not include reduced speed settings that allow the operator to slightly adjust position relative to a fixed object (e.g. to approach a bench).
3.6
stabilizing device
equipment fitted to a wheelchair that can be deployed (by the operator or automatically) to increase the base of support (area within all points of ground contact) of the wheelchair to improve its static stability
4 Test methods
4.1 General principle
The testing of multiple configurations required by this document requires careful planning to optimize efficiency of tests. In some cases, tests in one configuration might automatically meet the requirements of another configuration. Some protocols aim to test the performance and properties of the OABSS and its effect on the wheelchair as a whole, while others focus on individual system requirements. A test facility's rationale for determining that a particular configuration meets the requirements of another configuration shall be reported in the test report. Test facilities shall indicate how they have achieved the intended outcome for each test setup in the OABSS configuration selected.
Example: Least stable - forward: by extending & raising the leg supports, putting the back support in minimal recline and maximum forward tilt, the combined centre of mass is as close to the front castors as possible.
4.2 Test preparation
Select a test dummy or a human occupant as specified in ISO 7176-11 of mass equal to the maximum occupant mass specified by the manufacturer for all cases except for static stability testing. Until ISO 7176-11 is revised to incorporate centres of mass advice for test dummies in the supine position, the "least stable" test of static stability (5.2 in this document) will usually occur with a test dummy of 100 kg mass or the maximum allowable mass and consequently both conditions shall be tested
The test dummy shall be held in place for testing with the knee/lower leg, the hip/upper torso and any other supports provided on the wheelchairs for changing occupant posture. If these supports are not adequate for supporting the test dummy, then straps with an elastic modulus of 2 N/mm to 5 N/mm of extension can be used in areas where needed.
A human test occupant may be used instead of a test dummy. The mass and mass distribution of the human occupant shall be within the tolerances specified in ISO 7176-11. This can be achieved by adding weights to the human occupant.
WARNING - Where a human test occupant is used, it is essential that appropriate precautions be taken to ensure the person’s safety.
4.3 Determining the maximum drivable configuration
Fit the wheelchair with the test dummy or a human as specified in 4.2.
Determine the OABSS configuration closest to the MAC which still allows the wheelchair to move in the horizontal plane:
——and traverse up a step of 10 mm ± 2 mm, and
——for electrically powered wheelchairs, achieve a speed greater than 0.2 m/s.
ISO 7176-10 sets a nominal initial step height of 10 mm. If a different height is selected, this shall be reported in the test report against the description of the MDC.
Standard
GB/T 18029.30-2024 Wheelchairs—Part 30:Wheelchairs for changing occupant posture—Test methods and requirements (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 18029.30-2024
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
12500 words
Price(USD)
375.0
Implemented on
2024-12-1
Delivery
via email in 1~3 business day
Detail of GB/T 18029.30-2024
Standard No.
GB/T 18029.30-2024
English Name
Wheelchairs—Part 30:Wheelchairs for changing occupant posture—Test methods and requirements
GB/T 18029.30-2024 Wheelchairs - Part 30: Wheelchairs for changing occupant posture - Test methods and requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the test methods and requirements for determining the safety and performance of a manual and/or power wheelchair that incorporates technology to alter the posture of the wheelchair occupant, which are either electrically or manually operated by the occupant or assistant during normal wheelchair use. This can include recline, tilt, elevate and stand-up mechanisms or a combination of these. In order for a wheelchair to be able to recline, tilt, elevate and/or stand-up, the wheelchair requires additional mechanisms and mechanical structures to allow these features to operate. This document specifies the different functional and strength tests required to test these wheelchairs in critical configurations of their adjustable range.
This document does not cover wheelchairs where the only operator adjustable body support system (OABSS) is adjustable limb or head postural support devices alone (e.g. elevating leg supports).
This document does not include wheelchair and postural support device customization during initial or subsequent setup of a wheelchair for an individual occupant. It also does not reflect other factors that can influence wheelchair stability such as occupant movement, cushion thickness, and the addition of ancillary equipment (e.g. respiratory support items).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 18029.1-2024 Wheelchairs - Part 1: Determination of static stability (ISO 7176-1:2014, IDT)
GB/T 18029.2-2022 Wheelchairs - Part 2: Determination of dynamic stability of electrically powered wheelchairs (ISO 7176-2:2017, IDT)
GB/Z 18029.3-2021 Wheelchairs - Part 3: Determination of effectiveness of brakes (ISO 7176-3:2012, IDT)
GB/Z 18029.4-2021 Wheelchairs - Part 4: Energy consumption of electric wheelchairs and scooters for determination of theoretical distance range (ISO 7176-4:2008, IDT)
GB/Z 18029.5-2021 Wheelchairs - Part 5: Determination of dimensions, mass and manoeuvring space (ISO 7176-5:2008, IDT)
GB/T 18029.6-2009 Wheelchairs - Part 6: Determination of maximum speed, acceleration and deceleration of electric wheelchairs (ISO 7176-6:2001, IDT)
GB/T 18029.8-2024 Wheelchairs - Part 8: Requirements and test methods for static, impact and fatigue strengths (ISO 7176-8:2014, IDT)
ISO 7176-9 Wheelchairs - Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs
Note: GB/Z 18029.9-2021, Wheelchairs - Part 9: Climatic tests for electric wheelchairs (ISO 7176-9:2009, IDT)
ISO 7176-10 Wheelchairs - Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electrically powered wheelchairs
Note: GB/Z 18029.10-2021, Wheelchairs - Part 10: Determination of obstacle-climbing ability of electrically powered wheelchairs (ISO 7176-10:2008, IDT)
ISO 7176-11 Wheelchairs - Part 11: Test dummies
Note: GB/Z 18029.11-2021, Wheelchairs - Part 11: Test dummies (ISO 7176-11:2012, IDT)
ISO 7176-14 Wheelchairs - Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters - Requirements and test methods
Note: GB/T 18029.14-2012, Wheelchairs - Part 14: Power and control systems for electrically powered wheelchairs and scooter - Requirements and test methods (ISO 7176-14:2008, IDT)
ISO 7176-15 Wheelchairs - Part 15: Requirements for information disclosure, documentation and labelling
Note: GB/T 18029.15-2008, Wheelchairs - Part 15: Requirement for information disclosure, documentation and labelling (ISO 7176-15:1996, IDT)
ISO 7176-19 Wheelchairs - Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles
Note: GB/T 18029.19-2014, Wheelchairs - Part 19: Wheeled mobility devices for use as seats in motor vehicles (ISO 7176-19:2008, IDT)
ISO 7176-21 Wheelchairs - Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers
Note: GB/T 18029.21-2012, Wheelchairs - Part 21: Requirements and test methods for electromagnetic compatibility of electrically powered wheelchairs and scooters, and battery chargers (ISO 7176-21:2009, IDT)
ISO 7176-25 Wheelchairs - Part 25: Batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs
Note: GB/T 18029.25-2022, Wheelchairs - Part 25: Batteries and chargers for powered wheelchairs (ISO 7176-25:2013, IDT)
ISO 7176-26 Wheelchairs - Part 26: Vocabulary
Note: GB/T 18029.26-2014, Wheelchairs - Part 26: Vocabulary (ISO 7176-26:2007, IDT)
ISO 16840-3:2022 Wheelchair seating - Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices
Note: GB/T 30661.3-2015, Wheelchair seating - Part 3: Determination of static, impact and repetitive load strengths for postural support devices (ISO 16840.-3:2006, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 7176-26 and the following apply.
3.1
operator adjustable body support system; OABSS
postural support adjustable without tools and while occupied, that together change the posture of the wheelchair occupant
Note: These include recline, tilt, elevate and stand-up systems, but do not include adjustable limb or head postural support devices alone (e.g. elevating leg supports).
3.2
mechanism
system that provides the means for transitioning elements of the OABSS (3.1) from one position to another
Note: For some functions, a mechanism can be able to move multiple postural support devices (e.g. a stand-up wheelchair system that can move upper torso support and lower leg support of the wheelchair), while for some other functions a mechanism can be simple (e.g. a mechanical back support recline).
3.3
seated reference configuration; SRC
reference configuration of the body support system where no OABSS mechanisms are operated
Note 1: Position the test dummy in a posture close to the seated reference position as defined in ISO 16840-1.
Note 2: In this configuration, the body support systems most closely match the setup requirements of ISO 7176-22 for the wheelchair.
Note 3: If the body support system elevates, adjust its elevation to achieve a ground clearance of 50 mm beneath the foot supports after appropriate adjustment of leg supports.
3.4
maximum adjustment configuration; MAC
configuration of the OABSS (3.1) that is the greatest change from the SRC (3.3), within the limits of normal human anatomical movement (toward full extension of all joints) and in this position adjusted to the greatest height of the occupant centre of mass
Note: For tilt, this would result in the maximum possible rearward rotation of the OABSS.
3.5
maximum driveable configuration; MDC
OABSS configuration closest to the MAC (3.4) which still allows the operator to effectively move the wheelchair in the horizontal plane to change location
Note 1: These configurations are described by the manufacturer and identified in the operator’s manual.
Note 2: It does not include reduced speed settings that allow the operator to slightly adjust position relative to a fixed object (e.g. to approach a bench).
3.6
stabilizing device
equipment fitted to a wheelchair that can be deployed (by the operator or automatically) to increase the base of support (area within all points of ground contact) of the wheelchair to improve its static stability
4 Test methods
4.1 General principle
The testing of multiple configurations required by this document requires careful planning to optimize efficiency of tests. In some cases, tests in one configuration might automatically meet the requirements of another configuration. Some protocols aim to test the performance and properties of the OABSS and its effect on the wheelchair as a whole, while others focus on individual system requirements. A test facility's rationale for determining that a particular configuration meets the requirements of another configuration shall be reported in the test report. Test facilities shall indicate how they have achieved the intended outcome for each test setup in the OABSS configuration selected.
Example: Least stable - forward: by extending & raising the leg supports, putting the back support in minimal recline and maximum forward tilt, the combined centre of mass is as close to the front castors as possible.
4.2 Test preparation
Select a test dummy or a human occupant as specified in ISO 7176-11 of mass equal to the maximum occupant mass specified by the manufacturer for all cases except for static stability testing. Until ISO 7176-11 is revised to incorporate centres of mass advice for test dummies in the supine position, the "least stable" test of static stability (5.2 in this document) will usually occur with a test dummy of 100 kg mass or the maximum allowable mass and consequently both conditions shall be tested
The test dummy shall be held in place for testing with the knee/lower leg, the hip/upper torso and any other supports provided on the wheelchairs for changing occupant posture. If these supports are not adequate for supporting the test dummy, then straps with an elastic modulus of 2 N/mm to 5 N/mm of extension can be used in areas where needed.
A human test occupant may be used instead of a test dummy. The mass and mass distribution of the human occupant shall be within the tolerances specified in ISO 7176-11. This can be achieved by adding weights to the human occupant.
WARNING - Where a human test occupant is used, it is essential that appropriate precautions be taken to ensure the person’s safety.
4.3 Determining the maximum drivable configuration
Fit the wheelchair with the test dummy or a human as specified in 4.2.
Determine the OABSS configuration closest to the MAC which still allows the wheelchair to move in the horizontal plane:
——and traverse up a step of 10 mm ± 2 mm, and
——for electrically powered wheelchairs, achieve a speed greater than 0.2 m/s.
ISO 7176-10 sets a nominal initial step height of 10 mm. If a different height is selected, this shall be reported in the test report against the description of the MDC.
