Bar code for commodity — Bar code symbol print quality verification
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination of sampling scheme, verification conditions, items, methods and data processing, overall judgment of symbol quality and report for bar code symbol print quality verification for commodity.
This document is applicable to the quality verification of printed bar code symbol for commodity.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 2828.4 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 4: Procedures for assessment of declared quality levels
GB/T 2828.11 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 11: Procedures for assessment of declared quality levels for small population
GB/T 2829 Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (Apply to inspection of process stability)
GB 12904-2008 Bar code for commodity — Retail commodity numbering and bar code marking
GB/T 12905-2019 Bar code terminology
GB/T 13262 Single sampling procedures and tables for inspection having desired operating characteristics by attributes for percent nonconforming
GB/T 14257 Location of bar code symbol for commodity
GB/T 14258 Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code symbol print quality verification
GB/T 15425 Bar code for commodity — 128 bar code
GB/T 16306 Procedures and the plan of sampling for repeat test or inspection in product quality audit
GB/T 16830 Bar code for commodity — Dispatch commodity numbering and bar code marking
GB/T 26228.1 Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code verifier conformance specification — Part 1: Linear symbols
ISO/IEC 15416: 2016 Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code print quality test specification — Linear symbols
GS1 General specification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB 12904-2008 and GB/T 12905-2019 and the following apply.
3.1
bar code for commodity
universal bar code symbol for identifying commodities and their attributes, including the numbering and bar code marking for retail commodity, dispatch commodity, logistics unit, asset, service relationship, participants' location, etc.
[Source: GB/T 12905-2019, 2.70, modified]
3.2
element reflectance nonuniformity; ERN
difference between the highest peak value and the lowest valley value of reflectance of an element (including quiet zone) modified by an algorithm, in the scan reflectance profile
[Source: GB/T 12905-2019, 6.30, modified]
3.3
defects
ratio of the maximum element reflectance nonuniformity to the symbol contrast
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.7]
3.4
peak
point where the reflectance is relatively high in the scan reflectance profile; the reflectance at points on both sides of this point is lower than that of this point
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.14]
3.5
valley
point where the reflectance is relatively low in the scan reflectance profile; the reflectance at points on both sides of this point is higher than that of this point
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.21]
3.6
(n, k) symbology
bar code symbol with the width of each character as n modules, in which each character consists of k bars and spaces
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.13]
3.7
scan path
path through which the measuring instrument moves through the bar code (including the quiet zone) on the center of the sample area
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.17, modified]
3.8
X dimension
nominal value of narrow element or module dimension
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.23, modified]
3.9
Z dimension
arithmetic mean value of measured narrow element or module dimension
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.24, modified]
3.10
encoded data
data to be marked in bar code symbols
4 Determination of the sampling plans
In the print quality verification for bar code for commodity, the sampling plan shall be made according to the verification category and the applicable sampling standard:
a) For the inspection after purchasing for the continuous batch with several manufacturers optional and the end-of-manufacturing inspection with users confirmed, GB/T 2828.1 shall be adopted to determine the sampling plan;
b) For the purchase, process and end-of-manufacturing inspection of single batch, GB/T 13262 shall be adopted to determine the sampling plan;
c) For the inspection of the production process stability, GB/T 2829 shall be adopted to determine the sampling plan;
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Determination of the sampling plans 5 Inspection conditions 5.1 Environmental conditions 5.2 Inspection equipment 5.3 Test sample 6 Verification items 7 Verification methods 7.1 Overview of verification methods 7.2 Scan measurement 7.3 Manual measurement 8 Inspection data processing 8.1 Overview of inspection data processing 8.2 Single parameter grade of scan reflectance profile 8.3 Average grade of single parameter of scan reflectance profile 8.4 Grade of scan reflectance profile 8.5 Data processing of parameters by manual measurement 8.6 Symbol grade 9 Comprehensive judgment for symbol quality 10 Inspection report Annex A (Informative) Inspection methods of bar/space reflectance, print contrast signal and bar/space dimensional deviation A.1 Inspection method of bar/space reflectance and print contrast signal A.2 Inspection method of dimensional deviation of bar/space A.3 Inspection method of average bar width deviation Annex B (Normative) Measurement of optical characteristic parameters B.1 General B.2 Minimum reflectance B.3 Symbol contrast B.4 Minimum edge contrast B.5 Modulation B.6 Defects Annex C (Informative) Improvement description of defects algorithm Annex D (Normative) Determination of decodability D.1 General D.2 EAN-13, EAN-8, UPC-A, UPC-E bar code D.3 ITF-14 code D.4 GS1-128 bar code Annex E (Normative) Measurement of Z dimension and wide to narrow ratio E.1 Measurement of Z dimension E.2 Measurement of wide to narrow ratio Annex F (Normative) The parameters for determining the value of scan reflectance profile grade and symbol grade for different symbologies F.1 Parameters for determining the grade of scan reflectance profile of different symbologies F.2 Parameters for determining symbol grade values of different symbologies
Bar code for commodity — Bar code symbol print quality verification
1 Scope
This document specifies the determination of sampling scheme, verification conditions, items, methods and data processing, overall judgment of symbol quality and report for bar code symbol print quality verification for commodity.
This document is applicable to the quality verification of printed bar code symbol for commodity.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2828.1 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
GB/T 2828.4 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 4: Procedures for assessment of declared quality levels
GB/T 2828.11 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 11: Procedures for assessment of declared quality levels for small population
GB/T 2829 Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (Apply to inspection of process stability)
GB 12904-2008 Bar code for commodity — Retail commodity numbering and bar code marking
GB/T 12905-2019 Bar code terminology
GB/T 13262 Single sampling procedures and tables for inspection having desired operating characteristics by attributes for percent nonconforming
GB/T 14257 Location of bar code symbol for commodity
GB/T 14258 Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code symbol print quality verification
GB/T 15425 Bar code for commodity — 128 bar code
GB/T 16306 Procedures and the plan of sampling for repeat test or inspection in product quality audit
GB/T 16830 Bar code for commodity — Dispatch commodity numbering and bar code marking
GB/T 26228.1 Information technology — Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code verifier conformance specification — Part 1: Linear symbols
ISO/IEC 15416: 2016 Automatic identification and data capture techniques — Bar code print quality test specification — Linear symbols
GS1 General specification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB 12904-2008 and GB/T 12905-2019 and the following apply.
3.1
bar code for commodity
universal bar code symbol for identifying commodities and their attributes, including the numbering and bar code marking for retail commodity, dispatch commodity, logistics unit, asset, service relationship, participants' location, etc.
[Source: GB/T 12905-2019, 2.70, modified]
3.2
element reflectance nonuniformity; ERN
difference between the highest peak value and the lowest valley value of reflectance of an element (including quiet zone) modified by an algorithm, in the scan reflectance profile
[Source: GB/T 12905-2019, 6.30, modified]
3.3
defects
ratio of the maximum element reflectance nonuniformity to the symbol contrast
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.7]
3.4
peak
point where the reflectance is relatively high in the scan reflectance profile; the reflectance at points on both sides of this point is lower than that of this point
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.14]
3.5
valley
point where the reflectance is relatively low in the scan reflectance profile; the reflectance at points on both sides of this point is higher than that of this point
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.21]
3.6
(n, k) symbology
bar code symbol with the width of each character as n modules, in which each character consists of k bars and spaces
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.13]
3.7
scan path
path through which the measuring instrument moves through the bar code (including the quiet zone) on the center of the sample area
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.17, modified]
3.8
X dimension
nominal value of narrow element or module dimension
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.23, modified]
3.9
Z dimension
arithmetic mean value of measured narrow element or module dimension
[Source: GB/T 14258-2003, 3.24, modified]
3.10
encoded data
data to be marked in bar code symbols
4 Determination of the sampling plans
In the print quality verification for bar code for commodity, the sampling plan shall be made according to the verification category and the applicable sampling standard:
a) For the inspection after purchasing for the continuous batch with several manufacturers optional and the end-of-manufacturing inspection with users confirmed, GB/T 2828.1 shall be adopted to determine the sampling plan;
b) For the purchase, process and end-of-manufacturing inspection of single batch, GB/T 13262 shall be adopted to determine the sampling plan;
c) For the inspection of the production process stability, GB/T 2829 shall be adopted to determine the sampling plan;
Contents of GB/T 18348-2022
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Determination of the sampling plans
5 Inspection conditions
5.1 Environmental conditions
5.2 Inspection equipment
5.3 Test sample
6 Verification items
7 Verification methods
7.1 Overview of verification methods
7.2 Scan measurement
7.3 Manual measurement
8 Inspection data processing
8.1 Overview of inspection data processing
8.2 Single parameter grade of scan reflectance profile
8.3 Average grade of single parameter of scan reflectance profile
8.4 Grade of scan reflectance profile
8.5 Data processing of parameters by manual measurement
8.6 Symbol grade
9 Comprehensive judgment for symbol quality
10 Inspection report
Annex A (Informative) Inspection methods of bar/space reflectance, print contrast signal and bar/space dimensional deviation
A.1 Inspection method of bar/space reflectance and print contrast signal
A.2 Inspection method of dimensional deviation of bar/space
A.3 Inspection method of average bar width deviation
Annex B (Normative) Measurement of optical characteristic parameters
B.1 General
B.2 Minimum reflectance
B.3 Symbol contrast
B.4 Minimum edge contrast
B.5 Modulation
B.6 Defects
Annex C (Informative) Improvement description of defects algorithm
Annex D (Normative) Determination of decodability
D.1 General
D.2 EAN-13, EAN-8, UPC-A, UPC-E bar code
D.3 ITF-14 code
D.4 GS1-128 bar code
Annex E (Normative) Measurement of Z dimension and wide to narrow ratio
E.1 Measurement of Z dimension
E.2 Measurement of wide to narrow ratio
Annex F (Normative) The parameters for determining the value of scan reflectance profile grade and symbol grade for different symbologies
F.1 Parameters for determining the grade of scan reflectance profile of different symbologies
F.2 Parameters for determining symbol grade values of different symbologies
