GB/T 21187-2026 Atomic absorption spectrophotometer English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 21187-2026
Atomic absorption spectrophotometer
原子吸收分光光度计
Issue date: 2026-01-28 Implementation date: 2027-02-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements
4.1 Normal operating conditions
4.2 Safety requirements
4.3 Wavelength indication error and wavelength repeatability
4.4 Resolution
4.5 Baseline stability
4.6 Measurement sensitivity
4.7 Detection limit
4.8 Repeatability
4.9 Absorbance indication error
4.10 Edge wavelength noise
4.11 Background correction capability
4.12 Slit shift positioning error
4.13 Stability
4.14 Instrument appearance
4.15 Instrument completeness
4.16 Environmental adaptability
4.17 Electromagnetic compatibility
4.18 Transportation and transport storage
5 Test methods
5.1 Test conditions, equipment and reagents
5.2 Safety requirements
5.3 Wavelength indication error and wavelength repeatability
5.4 Resolution
5.5 Baseline stability
5.6 Measurement sensitivity
5.7 Detection limit
5.8 Repeatability
5.9 Absorbance indication error
5.10 Edge wavelength noise
5.11 Background correction capability
5.12 Slit shift positioning error
5.13 Stability
5.14 Instrument appearance
5.15 Instrument completeness
5.16 Environmental adaptability
5.17 Electromagnetic compatibility
5.18 Transportation and transport storage
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Classification of inspection
6.2 Factory inspection
6.3 Type inspection
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
7.1 Marking
7.2 Packaging
7.3 Transportation and storage
Annex A (informative) Instrument classification
Atomic absorption spectrophotometers
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage for atomic absorption spectrophotometers, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to atomic absorption spectrophotometers equipped with flame atomization and electrothermal atomization functions.
Note 1: In this document, "graphite furnace atomization" is used as the representative of "electrothermal atomization".
Note 2: Where no confusion arises, the name "atomic absorption spectrometer" and its related expressions have the same meaning as "atomic absorption spectrophotometer".
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 191, Packaging — Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 2829, Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (Apply to inspection of stability for process)
GB 4793.1-2007, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 6682, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
GB/T 11606-2007, Methods of environmental test for analytical instruments
GB/T 12519-2021, General specification for analytical instruments
GB/T 13384, General specifications for packaging of mechanical and electrical products
GB/T 13966-2013, Analytical instrument terms
GB/T 17626.2, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.3, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Part 3: Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
GB/T 17626.4, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
GB/T 17626.5, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Surge immunity test
GB/T 18268.1-2025, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — EMC requirements — Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 30119, Preparation method of calibration solution for atomic absorption measurement
GB/T 34065-2017, Safety requirements for analytical instruments
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 13966-2013, as well as the following, apply.
3.1
flame atomic absorption spectrometry
A method for determining the content of chemical elements by converting the analyte element in the sample into free atoms using a flame, and measuring the absorption of characteristic electromagnetic radiation by the ground-state atoms of that element in the vapour phase.
Note: Hereinafter referred to as the "flame method".
3.2
graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
A method for determining the content of chemical elements by converting the analyte element in the sample into free atoms using an electrothermal graphite furnace, and measuring the absorption of characteristic electromagnetic radiation by the ground-state atoms of that element in the vapour phase.
Note: Hereinafter referred to as the "graphite furnace method".
3.3
absorbance
The logarithm to the base 10 of the reciprocal of the transmittance.
Note: Where no confusion arises, this document uses the time-averaging method to calculate absorbance for the flame method, and the peak-value method to calculate absorbance for the graphite furnace method.
[Source: GB/T 13966-2013, 4.24]
3.4
measurement sensitivity
The absorbance value measured for a calibration solution of specified concentration after deducting the signal of the blank calibration solution.
3.5
background correction
A technique for eliminating and reducing non-characteristic background attenuation by optical and corresponding electronic methods, without the use of chemical separation.
Note 1: Based on the expression of the background correction system in GB/T 15337-2008, 6.1.5, the background correction technologies implemented using the "continuous source (deuterium lamp) background correction system", "self-absorption effect background correction system" and "Zeeman effect background correction system" are respectively referred to in this document as "deuterium lamp background correction", "self-absorption background correction", and "Zeeman background correction".
Note 2: Where no confusion arises, instruments without Zeeman background correction capability are referred to in this document as "non-Zeeman instruments", and instruments with Zeeman background correction capability are referred to as "Zeeman instruments".
4 Requirements
4.1 Normal operating conditions
The atomic absorption spectrophotometer (hereinafter referred to as the "instrument") shall be capable of normal operation under the following operating conditions:
a) Ambient temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C;
b) Relative humidity not greater than 80 %;
c) No vibration or electromagnetic interference that affects the use of the instrument;
d) No corrosive gases indoors, with good ventilation;
e) Power supply: voltage 220 V ± 22 V, frequency 50 Hz ± 1 Hz;
f) Good grounding.
4.2 Safety requirements
4.2.1 Touch current
The touch current shall meet the following requirements:
a) Under normal operating conditions, the touch current of the instrument shall not exceed 0.5 mA (r.m.s.) or 0.7 mA (peak-to-peak);
b) Under single fault conditions, the touch current of the instrument shall not exceed 3.5 mA (r.m.s.) or 5 mA (peak-to-peak).
4.2.2 Dielectric strength
The instrument shall withstand a voltage test of 1,500 V AC r.m.s. for 1 minute continuously under normal operating conditions, without arcing or breakdown.
4.2.3 Protective grounding
The impedance between the grounding protection terminal and each accessible part with protective connection shall not exceed 0.1 Ω, excluding the impedance of the power cord.
4.2.4 Flame atomization system safety
The flame atomization system shall be equipped with accurate and reliable gas circuit protection and flame monitoring functions. In the event of flame extinction, the system shall automatically cut off the gas supply and automatically give an alarm or prompt.
4.2.5 Flame gas circuit system tightness
GB/T 21187-2026 Atomic absorption spectrophotometer English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 21187-2026
Atomic absorption spectrophotometer
原子吸收分光光度计
Issue date: 2026-01-28 Implementation date: 2027-02-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements
4.1 Normal operating conditions
4.2 Safety requirements
4.3 Wavelength indication error and wavelength repeatability
4.4 Resolution
4.5 Baseline stability
4.6 Measurement sensitivity
4.7 Detection limit
4.8 Repeatability
4.9 Absorbance indication error
4.10 Edge wavelength noise
4.11 Background correction capability
4.12 Slit shift positioning error
4.13 Stability
4.14 Instrument appearance
4.15 Instrument completeness
4.16 Environmental adaptability
4.17 Electromagnetic compatibility
4.18 Transportation and transport storage
5 Test methods
5.1 Test conditions, equipment and reagents
5.2 Safety requirements
5.3 Wavelength indication error and wavelength repeatability
5.4 Resolution
5.5 Baseline stability
5.6 Measurement sensitivity
5.7 Detection limit
5.8 Repeatability
5.9 Absorbance indication error
5.10 Edge wavelength noise
5.11 Background correction capability
5.12 Slit shift positioning error
5.13 Stability
5.14 Instrument appearance
5.15 Instrument completeness
5.16 Environmental adaptability
5.17 Electromagnetic compatibility
5.18 Transportation and transport storage
6 Inspection rules
6.1 Classification of inspection
6.2 Factory inspection
6.3 Type inspection
7 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
7.1 Marking
7.2 Packaging
7.3 Transportation and storage
Annex A (informative) Instrument classification
Atomic absorption spectrophotometers
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage for atomic absorption spectrophotometers, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to atomic absorption spectrophotometers equipped with flame atomization and electrothermal atomization functions.
Note 1: In this document, "graphite furnace atomization" is used as the representative of "electrothermal atomization".
Note 2: Where no confusion arises, the name "atomic absorption spectrometer" and its related expressions have the same meaning as "atomic absorption spectrophotometer".
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 191, Packaging — Pictorial marking for handling of goods
GB/T 2829, Sampling procedures and tables for periodic inspection by attributes (Apply to inspection of stability for process)
GB 4793.1-2007, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 6682, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
GB/T 11606-2007, Methods of environmental test for analytical instruments
GB/T 12519-2021, General specification for analytical instruments
GB/T 13384, General specifications for packaging of mechanical and electrical products
GB/T 13966-2013, Analytical instrument terms
GB/T 17626.2, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Electrostatic discharge immunity test
GB/T 17626.3, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Part 3: Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test
GB/T 17626.4, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test
GB/T 17626.5, Electromagnetic compatibility — Testing and measurement techniques — Surge immunity test
GB/T 18268.1-2025, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use — EMC requirements — Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 30119, Preparation method of calibration solution for atomic absorption measurement
GB/T 34065-2017, Safety requirements for analytical instruments
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 13966-2013, as well as the following, apply.
3.1
flame atomic absorption spectrometry
A method for determining the content of chemical elements by converting the analyte element in the sample into free atoms using a flame, and measuring the absorption of characteristic electromagnetic radiation by the ground-state atoms of that element in the vapour phase.
Note: Hereinafter referred to as the "flame method".
3.2
graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry
A method for determining the content of chemical elements by converting the analyte element in the sample into free atoms using an electrothermal graphite furnace, and measuring the absorption of characteristic electromagnetic radiation by the ground-state atoms of that element in the vapour phase.
Note: Hereinafter referred to as the "graphite furnace method".
3.3
absorbance
The logarithm to the base 10 of the reciprocal of the transmittance.
Note: Where no confusion arises, this document uses the time-averaging method to calculate absorbance for the flame method, and the peak-value method to calculate absorbance for the graphite furnace method.
[Source: GB/T 13966-2013, 4.24]
3.4
measurement sensitivity
The absorbance value measured for a calibration solution of specified concentration after deducting the signal of the blank calibration solution.
3.5
background correction
A technique for eliminating and reducing non-characteristic background attenuation by optical and corresponding electronic methods, without the use of chemical separation.
Note 1: Based on the expression of the background correction system in GB/T 15337-2008, 6.1.5, the background correction technologies implemented using the "continuous source (deuterium lamp) background correction system", "self-absorption effect background correction system" and "Zeeman effect background correction system" are respectively referred to in this document as "deuterium lamp background correction", "self-absorption background correction", and "Zeeman background correction".
Note 2: Where no confusion arises, instruments without Zeeman background correction capability are referred to in this document as "non-Zeeman instruments", and instruments with Zeeman background correction capability are referred to as "Zeeman instruments".
4 Requirements
4.1 Normal operating conditions
The atomic absorption spectrophotometer (hereinafter referred to as the "instrument") shall be capable of normal operation under the following operating conditions:
a) Ambient temperature: 15 °C to 35 °C;
b) Relative humidity not greater than 80 %;
c) No vibration or electromagnetic interference that affects the use of the instrument;
d) No corrosive gases indoors, with good ventilation;
e) Power supply: voltage 220 V ± 22 V, frequency 50 Hz ± 1 Hz;
f) Good grounding.
4.2 Safety requirements
4.2.1 Touch current
The touch current shall meet the following requirements:
a) Under normal operating conditions, the touch current of the instrument shall not exceed 0.5 mA (r.m.s.) or 0.7 mA (peak-to-peak);
b) Under single fault conditions, the touch current of the instrument shall not exceed 3.5 mA (r.m.s.) or 5 mA (peak-to-peak).
4.2.2 Dielectric strength
The instrument shall withstand a voltage test of 1,500 V AC r.m.s. for 1 minute continuously under normal operating conditions, without arcing or breakdown.
4.2.3 Protective grounding
The impedance between the grounding protection terminal and each accessible part with protective connection shall not exceed 0.1 Ω, excluding the impedance of the power cord.
4.2.4 Flame atomization system safety
The flame atomization system shall be equipped with accurate and reliable gas circuit protection and flame monitoring functions. In the event of flame extinction, the system shall automatically cut off the gas supply and automatically give an alarm or prompt.
4.2.5 Flame gas circuit system tightness
