1 Scope
This document specifies the type preparation method, technical requirements, test conditions, test methods, inspection rules, marking of lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries for energy storage in off-grid photovoltaic applications. Packaging, transport and storage.
This document applies to lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as "batteries") for energy storage in off-grid photovoltaic power generation equipment. This document applies to lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as "batteries") for off-grid energy storage of wind power generation equipment and other renewable energy sources.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this document through the normative references in the text. Among them, note the date of the reference documents, only the date of the corresponding version used in this document; do not note the date of the reference documents, the latest version (including all the revision of the list) applies to this document.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrical terminology for primary batteries and accumulators
GB/T 7169 Nomenclature of batteries and battery packs containing alkaline or other non-acidic electrolytes
JB/T 2599-2012 Name, type preparation and nomenclature of lead-acid batteries
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terminology and definitions
The terms defined in GB/T 2900.41 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1.1
Vented lead-acid batteries for energy storage
Lead-acid batteries for energy storage with one or more venting devices on the battery cover capable of evacuating gaseous products, with filtered acid mist in a non-direct vent configuration, and with internal and external pressure disparities.
Note: Abbreviated as exhaust battery.
4 Type preparation method
4.1 Nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion battery type preparation method should be consistent with the provisions of GB/T 7169.
4.2 Lead-acid battery type preparation method shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 2599-2012.
Lead-acid battery type preparation method is shown in Figure 1.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Operating environment
The battery operating environment shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
6 Test conditions
6.1 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the tests in this document shall be carried out under the following atmospheric conditions:
a) Temperature: 25 °C 5 °C;
b) Relative humidity; not more than 75%;
c) atmospheric pressure: 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.
6.2 Accuracy of the measuring instrument
6.2.1 Instrument range
The range of the instrument used depends on the measured voltage and current, and the pointer instrument should be read within the second third of the range.
6.2.2 Voltage measurement
The accuracy class of the instrument used for voltage measurement should be not less than 0.5 and the internal resistance should be not less than 1 k/v.
6.2.3 Current measurement
The accuracy class of the instrument for current measurement shall be not less than 0.5.
6.2.4 Temperature measurement
The thermometer for temperature measurement shall have an appropriate range, its division value shall be no greater than 1°C and its accuracy shall be no less than 0.5°C.
6.2.5 Time measurement
The instrument used for time measurement shall be divided into hours, minutes and seconds and shall have an accuracy of at least 1% of the earth.
7 Test methods
7.1 Appearance and polarity
Visual inspection of the appearance and polarity of the battery unit and battery module.
7.2 Sealing performance
7.2.1 The exhausted battery for the sealing performance test shall be fully assembled and not filled with electrolyte.
7.3 Capacity test
7.3.110 hr capacity
The fully charged lead-acid battery is discharged with a current of I(A) within 1h to 24h after the end of charging, keeping the temperature around the lead-acid battery between 25 °C and 5 °C. The change of the current value should not be greater than 1% during the discharge time, the voltage of the lead-acid battery is recorded every 1h during the discharge process and the temperature around the lead-acid battery is recorded every 2h. When the voltage of the lead-acid battery reaches 1.90 V, record every 5 min, when the voltage of the lead-acid battery reaches 1.80 V, stop discharging and record the discharge time and surrounding temperature. The actual capacity is converted to the reference temperature of 25°C according to equation (1).
7.4 Charging efficiency
7.4.1 Lead-acid batteries or lithium-ion batteries
7.4.1.1 The lead-acid battery for the test shall comply with 5.4.1 (lithium-ion batteries shall comply with 5.4.2) and the actual discharge capacity C shall be recorded.
7.4.1.2 The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 6.3.2.
7.5 Charge retention capacity
7.5.1 The lead-acid battery for the test shall comply with 5.4.1 (NiMH or Li-ion batteries shall comply with 5.4.2).
7.5.2 The fully charged battery shall be left to stand for 28 d at an ambient temperature of 25°C to 5°C and the surface of the battery shall be kept clean and dry.
7.6 Overcharge capacity
7.6.1 Environmental requirements
The test shall be carried out under sufficiently safe and protected environmental conditions.
7.6.2 Lead-acid batteries
The lead-acid battery for the test shall comply with 5.4.1.
The fully charged lead-acid battery shall be recharged with a current of 0.311,o(A) for 160 h. The battery shall be left for 1 h. The appearance of the battery shall be checked visually.
7.6.3 Nickel-metal hydride or lithium ion battery cells
The test battery unit shall comply with 5.4.2.
The fully charged battery unit shall be charged at a constant current of I:(A) until the voltage reaches 1.1 times the charge limit voltage or until the charge time reaches 0.75h. The battery shall be visually inspected for 1 h.
7.7 Over-discharge capability
7.7.1 Environmental requirements
The test shall be carried out under sufficiently safe and protected environmental conditions.
7.7.2 Lead-acid batteries
7.8 Cycle endurance 7.8.1 Test battery requirements
The test lead-acid battery shall comply with 5.4.1 (NiMH or Li-ion batteries shall comply with 5.4.2 and be carried out on a fully charged battery.
7.8.2 Test environment requirements
The battery shall be placed in an ambient temperature of 40 °C ± 3 °C and maintained for 20 h. The temperature around the battery shall be maintained at 40 °C ± 3 °C throughout the test.
7.8.3 Electrolyte requirements for vented batteries
The density and level of the electrolyte shall be kept within the manufacturer's specified range during the entire test.
7.8.5 Test procedure
7.8.5.1 Lead-acid batteries
8 Test rules
8.1 Inspection classification
The inspection is divided into factory inspection, cycle inspection and type inspection.
8.2 Factory inspection and cycle inspection
Where the delivery of the product, should be in accordance with the factory test items and cycle test items for testing, battery test items, the number of samples and test cycle, see Table 11.
8.3 Type inspection
8.3.1 General requirements
In one of the following cases, the type test should be carried out; type test should be carried out by the factory inspection of the product after passing:
a) trial production of new products;
b) product structure and process formulations or raw materials have been changed;
c) the mass production of products should be subject to regular sampling;
d) the national market supervision and management department to type test requirements.
The same series of products for the "type test", generally selected the largest production model sampling.
8.3.2 Type test procedures
2 V series of lead-acid battery type test procedures are shown in Table 12, 6 V series of lead-acid battery type test procedures are shown in Table 13, 12 V series of lead-acid battery type test procedures are shown in Table 14, nickel-hydrogen batteries or lithium-ion battery type test procedures are shown in Table 15.
8.4 Judgement criteria
8.4.1 According to the test phenomenon assessment of the test items, the test phenomenon to determine.
8.4.2 According to the test data assessment of the test items, the test data of all participating batteries as the test data of the project, if a participating battery measurement data does not meet the requirements of this document, for the type test, the conclusion of the judgment is unqualified; for factory inspection, cycle test, the number of products in the same batch can be doubled and retested, if there is still a failure to meet the requirements, the batch of products is judged to be unqualified. Qualified.
9 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
9.1 Marking
9.2 Packaging
9.2.1 General requirements
The packaging of the battery shall meet the requirements of moisture and shock resistance.
9.2.2 Documents to be supplied with the product in the packing box:
a) Packing list;
b) Product certificate of conformity;
c) Product instruction manual;
d The battery connections and their insulating sheath.
9.3 Transport
9.3.1 During transportation, the product shall not be subjected to severe mechanical shock, exposure to sun and rain, and shall not be placed flat or upside down.
9.3.2 During loading and unloading, the product shall be handled gently and shall not be thrown, tumbled or pressed.
9.4 Storage
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
4 Type preparation method
5 Technical requirements
6 Test conditions
7 Test methods
8 Test rules
9 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
1 Scope
This document specifies the type preparation method, technical requirements, test conditions, test methods, inspection rules, marking of lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries for energy storage in off-grid photovoltaic applications. Packaging, transport and storage.
This document applies to lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as "batteries") for energy storage in off-grid photovoltaic power generation equipment. This document applies to lead-acid batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as "batteries") for off-grid energy storage of wind power generation equipment and other renewable energy sources.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute the essential provisions of this document through the normative references in the text. Among them, note the date of the reference documents, only the date of the corresponding version used in this document; do not note the date of the reference documents, the latest version (including all the revision of the list) applies to this document.
GB/T 2900.41 Electrical terminology for primary batteries and accumulators
GB/T 7169 Nomenclature of batteries and battery packs containing alkaline or other non-acidic electrolytes
JB/T 2599-2012 Name, type preparation and nomenclature of lead-acid batteries
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terminology and definitions
The terms defined in GB/T 2900.41 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1.1
Vented lead-acid batteries for energy storage
Lead-acid batteries for energy storage with one or more venting devices on the battery cover capable of evacuating gaseous products, with filtered acid mist in a non-direct vent configuration, and with internal and external pressure disparities.
Note: Abbreviated as exhaust battery.
4 Type preparation method
4.1 Nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion battery type preparation method should be consistent with the provisions of GB/T 7169.
4.2 Lead-acid battery type preparation method shall conform to the provisions of JB/T 2599-2012.
Lead-acid battery type preparation method is shown in Figure 1.
5 Technical requirements
5.1 Operating environment
The battery operating environment shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
6 Test conditions
6.1 Environmental conditions
Unless otherwise specified, the tests in this document shall be carried out under the following atmospheric conditions:
a) Temperature: 25 °C 5 °C;
b) Relative humidity; not more than 75%;
c) atmospheric pressure: 86 kPa ~ 106 kPa.
6.2 Accuracy of the measuring instrument
6.2.1 Instrument range
The range of the instrument used depends on the measured voltage and current, and the pointer instrument should be read within the second third of the range.
6.2.2 Voltage measurement
The accuracy class of the instrument used for voltage measurement should be not less than 0.5 and the internal resistance should be not less than 1 k/v.
6.2.3 Current measurement
The accuracy class of the instrument for current measurement shall be not less than 0.5.
6.2.4 Temperature measurement
The thermometer for temperature measurement shall have an appropriate range, its division value shall be no greater than 1°C and its accuracy shall be no less than 0.5°C.
6.2.5 Time measurement
The instrument used for time measurement shall be divided into hours, minutes and seconds and shall have an accuracy of at least 1% of the earth.
7 Test methods
7.1 Appearance and polarity
Visual inspection of the appearance and polarity of the battery unit and battery module.
7.2 Sealing performance
7.2.1 The exhausted battery for the sealing performance test shall be fully assembled and not filled with electrolyte.
7.3 Capacity test
7.3.110 hr capacity
The fully charged lead-acid battery is discharged with a current of I(A) within 1h to 24h after the end of charging, keeping the temperature around the lead-acid battery between 25 °C and 5 °C. The change of the current value should not be greater than 1% during the discharge time, the voltage of the lead-acid battery is recorded every 1h during the discharge process and the temperature around the lead-acid battery is recorded every 2h. When the voltage of the lead-acid battery reaches 1.90 V, record every 5 min, when the voltage of the lead-acid battery reaches 1.80 V, stop discharging and record the discharge time and surrounding temperature. The actual capacity is converted to the reference temperature of 25°C according to equation (1).
7.4 Charging efficiency
7.4.1 Lead-acid batteries or lithium-ion batteries
7.4.1.1 The lead-acid battery for the test shall comply with 5.4.1 (lithium-ion batteries shall comply with 5.4.2) and the actual discharge capacity C shall be recorded.
7.4.1.2 The battery shall be fully charged in accordance with 6.3.2.
7.5 Charge retention capacity
7.5.1 The lead-acid battery for the test shall comply with 5.4.1 (NiMH or Li-ion batteries shall comply with 5.4.2).
7.5.2 The fully charged battery shall be left to stand for 28 d at an ambient temperature of 25°C to 5°C and the surface of the battery shall be kept clean and dry.
7.6 Overcharge capacity
7.6.1 Environmental requirements
The test shall be carried out under sufficiently safe and protected environmental conditions.
7.6.2 Lead-acid batteries
The lead-acid battery for the test shall comply with 5.4.1.
The fully charged lead-acid battery shall be recharged with a current of 0.311,o(A) for 160 h. The battery shall be left for 1 h. The appearance of the battery shall be checked visually.
7.6.3 Nickel-metal hydride or lithium ion battery cells
The test battery unit shall comply with 5.4.2.
The fully charged battery unit shall be charged at a constant current of I:(A) until the voltage reaches 1.1 times the charge limit voltage or until the charge time reaches 0.75h. The battery shall be visually inspected for 1 h.
7.7 Over-discharge capability
7.7.1 Environmental requirements
The test shall be carried out under sufficiently safe and protected environmental conditions.
7.7.2 Lead-acid batteries
7.8 Cycle endurance 7.8.1 Test battery requirements
The test lead-acid battery shall comply with 5.4.1 (NiMH or Li-ion batteries shall comply with 5.4.2 and be carried out on a fully charged battery.
7.8.2 Test environment requirements
The battery shall be placed in an ambient temperature of 40 °C ± 3 °C and maintained for 20 h. The temperature around the battery shall be maintained at 40 °C ± 3 °C throughout the test.
7.8.3 Electrolyte requirements for vented batteries
The density and level of the electrolyte shall be kept within the manufacturer's specified range during the entire test.
7.8.5 Test procedure
7.8.5.1 Lead-acid batteries
8 Test rules
8.1 Inspection classification
The inspection is divided into factory inspection, cycle inspection and type inspection.
8.2 Factory inspection and cycle inspection
Where the delivery of the product, should be in accordance with the factory test items and cycle test items for testing, battery test items, the number of samples and test cycle, see Table 11.
8.3 Type inspection
8.3.1 General requirements
In one of the following cases, the type test should be carried out; type test should be carried out by the factory inspection of the product after passing:
a) trial production of new products;
b) product structure and process formulations or raw materials have been changed;
c) the mass production of products should be subject to regular sampling;
d) the national market supervision and management department to type test requirements.
The same series of products for the "type test", generally selected the largest production model sampling.
8.3.2 Type test procedures
2 V series of lead-acid battery type test procedures are shown in Table 12, 6 V series of lead-acid battery type test procedures are shown in Table 13, 12 V series of lead-acid battery type test procedures are shown in Table 14, nickel-hydrogen batteries or lithium-ion battery type test procedures are shown in Table 15.
8.4 Judgement criteria
8.4.1 According to the test phenomenon assessment of the test items, the test phenomenon to determine.
8.4.2 According to the test data assessment of the test items, the test data of all participating batteries as the test data of the project, if a participating battery measurement data does not meet the requirements of this document, for the type test, the conclusion of the judgment is unqualified; for factory inspection, cycle test, the number of products in the same batch can be doubled and retested, if there is still a failure to meet the requirements, the batch of products is judged to be unqualified. Qualified.
9 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
9.1 Marking
9.2 Packaging
9.2.1 General requirements
The packaging of the battery shall meet the requirements of moisture and shock resistance.
9.2.2 Documents to be supplied with the product in the packing box:
a) Packing list;
b) Product certificate of conformity;
c) Product instruction manual;
d The battery connections and their insulating sheath.
9.3 Transport
9.3.1 During transportation, the product shall not be subjected to severe mechanical shock, exposure to sun and rain, and shall not be placed flat or upside down.
9.3.2 During loading and unloading, the product shall be handled gently and shall not be thrown, tumbled or pressed.
9.4 Storage
Contents of GB/T 22473.1-2021
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
4 Type preparation method
5 Technical requirements
6 Test conditions
7 Test methods
8 Test rules
9 Marking, packaging, transport and storage
