GB/T 24067-2024 Greenhouse gases - Carbon footprint of products - Requirements and guidelines for quantification
1 Scope
This document specifies principles, requirements and guidelines for the quantification and reporting of the carbon footprint of a product (CFP) and the partial carbon footprint of a product (partial CFP), in a manner consistent with standards on life cycle assessment (LCA) (GB/T 24040 and GB/T 24044).
This document is applicable to CFP studies, the results of which provide the basis for different applications. Carbon offsetting and communication of CFP or partial CFP information are outside the scope of this document.
This document addresses only a single environmental impact category: climate change. It does not assess any social or economic impacts, or any other environmental impacts potentially arising from the life cycle of a product.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 24025-2009 Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations - Principles and procedures (ISO 14025:2006, IDT)
GB/T 24040-2008 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and frameworks (ISO 14040:2006, IDT)
GB/T 24044-2008 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006, IDT)
GB/T 32150-2015 General guideline of the greenhouse gas emissions accounting and reporting for industrial enterprises
ISO 14026 Environmental labels and declarations - Principles, requirements and guidelines for communication of footprint information
ISO/TS 14027:2017 Environmental labels and declarations - Development of product category rules
ISO/TS 14071 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Critical review processes and reviewer competencies: Additional requirements and guidelines to ISO 14044:2006
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 24025-2009, GB/T 24040-2008, GB/T 24044-2008, GB/T 32150-2015, and ISO/TS 14027:2017, as well as the following apply.
3.1 Quantification of the carbon footprint of a product
3.1.1
carbon footprint of a product; CFP
sum of GHG emissions and GHG removals in a product system, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents and based on a life cycle assessment using the single environmental impact category of climate change
Note 1: A CFP can be disaggregated into a set of figures identifying specific GHG emissions and removals (see Table 1). A CFP can also be disaggregated into the stages of the life cycle.
Note 2: The results of the quantification of the CFP are documented in the CFP study report expressed in mass of CO2e per functional unit.
3.1.2
partial carbon footprint of a product; partial CFP
sum of GHG emissions and GHG removals of one or more selected stage(s) or process(es) in a product system within the life cycle, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents
Note 1: A partial CFP is based on or compiled from data related to (a) specific process(es) or footprint information modules, which is (are) part of a product system and can form the basis for quantification of a CFP.
Note 2: "Footprint information module" is defined in ISO 14026:2017, 3.1.4.
Note 3: The results of the quantification of the partial CFP are documented in the CFP study report expressed in mass of CO2e per declared unit.
3.1.3
carbon footprint of a product systematic approach; CFP systematic approach
set of procedures to facilitate the quantification of the CFP for two or more products of the same organization
3.1.4
carbon footprint of a product study; CFP study
all activities that are necessary to quantify and report a CFP or a partial CFP
3.1.5
carbon footprint of a product study report; CFP study report
report that documents the CFP or partial CFP study, and shows the decisions taken within the study
Note: The CFP study report demonstrates that the provisions of this document are met.
3.1.6
quantification of the carbon footprint of a product; quantification of the CFP
activities that result in the determination of a CFP or a partial CFP
Note: Quantification of the CFP or the partial CFP is part of the CFP study.
3.1.7
carbon offsetting
mechanism for compensating for all or a part of the CFP or the partial CFP through the prevention of the release of, reduction in, or removal of an amount of GHG emissions in a process outside the product system under study
Example: Investment outside the relevant product system, e.g. in renewable energy technologies, energy efficiency measures, afforestation/reforestation.
Note 1: Carbon offsetting is not allowed in the quantification of a CFP or a partial CFP, and communication of carbon offsetting is outside of the scope of this document (see 6.3.5.1).
Note 2: Footprint communication and relevant claims regarding carbon offsetting and carbon neutrality are covered in ISO 14021:2016/Amd 1:2021 and ISO 14026:2017.
Note 3: Adapted from the definition of "offsetting" in ISO 14021:2016/Amd 1:2021, 3.1.12.
3.1.8
product category
group of products that can fulfill equivalent functions
[Source: GB/T 24025-2009, 3.12]
3.1.9
product category rules; PCR
set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for developing Type III environmental declarations and footprint communications for one or more product categories
Note 1: PCR include quantification rules conforming to GB/T 24044.
Foreword II Introduction V 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Application 5 Principle 6 Methodology for quantification of the CFP and partial CFP 7 CFP study report 8 Critical review 9 CFP declaration 10 Standard framework for specific CFPs Annex A (Normative) Limitations of the CFP Annex B (Normative) Comparison based on the CFP of different products Annex C (Normative) The CFP systematic approach Annex D (Informative) Possible procedures for the treatment of recycling in CFP studies Annex E (Informative) Guidance on quantifying GHG emissions and removals for agricultural and forestry products Annex F (Informative) Reference values of GWP Annex G (Informative) CFP report (template) Annex H (Informative) Standard framework for quantification methods and requirements of specific CFPs Bibliography
GB/T 24067-2024 Greenhouse gases - Carbon footprint of products - Requirements and guidelines for quantification
1 Scope
This document specifies principles, requirements and guidelines for the quantification and reporting of the carbon footprint of a product (CFP) and the partial carbon footprint of a product (partial CFP), in a manner consistent with standards on life cycle assessment (LCA) (GB/T 24040 and GB/T 24044).
This document is applicable to CFP studies, the results of which provide the basis for different applications. Carbon offsetting and communication of CFP or partial CFP information are outside the scope of this document.
This document addresses only a single environmental impact category: climate change. It does not assess any social or economic impacts, or any other environmental impacts potentially arising from the life cycle of a product.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 24025-2009 Environmental labels and declarations - Type III environmental declarations - Principles and procedures (ISO 14025:2006, IDT)
GB/T 24040-2008 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and frameworks (ISO 14040:2006, IDT)
GB/T 24044-2008 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006, IDT)
GB/T 32150-2015 General guideline of the greenhouse gas emissions accounting and reporting for industrial enterprises
ISO 14026 Environmental labels and declarations - Principles, requirements and guidelines for communication of footprint information
ISO/TS 14027:2017 Environmental labels and declarations - Development of product category rules
ISO/TS 14071 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Critical review processes and reviewer competencies: Additional requirements and guidelines to ISO 14044:2006
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 24025-2009, GB/T 24040-2008, GB/T 24044-2008, GB/T 32150-2015, and ISO/TS 14027:2017, as well as the following apply.
3.1 Quantification of the carbon footprint of a product
3.1.1
carbon footprint of a product; CFP
sum of GHG emissions and GHG removals in a product system, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents and based on a life cycle assessment using the single environmental impact category of climate change
Note 1: A CFP can be disaggregated into a set of figures identifying specific GHG emissions and removals (see Table 1). A CFP can also be disaggregated into the stages of the life cycle.
Note 2: The results of the quantification of the CFP are documented in the CFP study report expressed in mass of CO2e per functional unit.
3.1.2
partial carbon footprint of a product; partial CFP
sum of GHG emissions and GHG removals of one or more selected stage(s) or process(es) in a product system within the life cycle, expressed as carbon dioxide equivalents
Note 1: A partial CFP is based on or compiled from data related to (a) specific process(es) or footprint information modules, which is (are) part of a product system and can form the basis for quantification of a CFP.
Note 2: "Footprint information module" is defined in ISO 14026:2017, 3.1.4.
Note 3: The results of the quantification of the partial CFP are documented in the CFP study report expressed in mass of CO2e per declared unit.
3.1.3
carbon footprint of a product systematic approach; CFP systematic approach
set of procedures to facilitate the quantification of the CFP for two or more products of the same organization
3.1.4
carbon footprint of a product study; CFP study
all activities that are necessary to quantify and report a CFP or a partial CFP
3.1.5
carbon footprint of a product study report; CFP study report
report that documents the CFP or partial CFP study, and shows the decisions taken within the study
Note: The CFP study report demonstrates that the provisions of this document are met.
3.1.6
quantification of the carbon footprint of a product; quantification of the CFP
activities that result in the determination of a CFP or a partial CFP
Note: Quantification of the CFP or the partial CFP is part of the CFP study.
3.1.7
carbon offsetting
mechanism for compensating for all or a part of the CFP or the partial CFP through the prevention of the release of, reduction in, or removal of an amount of GHG emissions in a process outside the product system under study
Example: Investment outside the relevant product system, e.g. in renewable energy technologies, energy efficiency measures, afforestation/reforestation.
Note 1: Carbon offsetting is not allowed in the quantification of a CFP or a partial CFP, and communication of carbon offsetting is outside of the scope of this document (see 6.3.5.1).
Note 2: Footprint communication and relevant claims regarding carbon offsetting and carbon neutrality are covered in ISO 14021:2016/Amd 1:2021 and ISO 14026:2017.
Note 3: Adapted from the definition of "offsetting" in ISO 14021:2016/Amd 1:2021, 3.1.12.
3.1.8
product category
group of products that can fulfill equivalent functions
[Source: GB/T 24025-2009, 3.12]
3.1.9
product category rules; PCR
set of specific rules, requirements and guidelines for developing Type III environmental declarations and footprint communications for one or more product categories
Note 1: PCR include quantification rules conforming to GB/T 24044.
Contents of GB/T 24067-2024
Foreword II
Introduction V
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Application
5 Principle
6 Methodology for quantification of the CFP and partial CFP
7 CFP study report
8 Critical review
9 CFP declaration
10 Standard framework for specific CFPs
Annex A (Normative) Limitations of the CFP
Annex B (Normative) Comparison based on the CFP of different products
Annex C (Normative) The CFP systematic approach
Annex D (Informative) Possible procedures for the treatment of recycling in CFP studies
Annex E (Informative) Guidance on quantifying GHG emissions and removals for agricultural and forestry products
Annex F (Informative) Reference values of GWP
Annex G (Informative) CFP report (template)
Annex H (Informative) Standard framework for quantification methods and requirements of specific CFPs
Bibliography
