This part of GB/T 36271 provides requirements for the design and the erection of power installations in a.c. systems with nominal voltages above 1kV, so as to provide safety and proper functioning for the use intended.
For the purpose of interpreting this standard, a power installation is considered to be one of the following.
a) Substation, including substation for railway power supply.
b) Power installations on mast, pole and tower: switchgear and/or transformers located outside a closed electrical operating area.
c) One (or more) power station(s) located on a single site: the installation includes generators and transformer bank and all associated switchgear and electrical auxiliary systems. Connections between generating stations located on different sites are excluded.
d) The electrical system of a factory, industrial plant or other industrial, agricultural, commercial or public premises.
e) Power installations erected on offshore platforms e.g. offshore wind power farms.
The power installation includes, among others, the following equipment:
——rotating electrical machines;
——switchgear;
——transformers and reactors;
——converters;
——cables;
——wiring systems;
——batteries;
——capacitors;
——earthing systems;
——buildings and fences which are part of a closed electrical operating area;
——associated protection, control and auxiliary systems;
——large air core reactor.
Note: In general, a standard for equipment takes precedence over this standard.
This standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following:
——overhead and underground lines between separate installations;
——electric railways;
——mining equipment and installations;
——fluorescent lamp installations;
——installations on ships according to IEC 60092[34] (all parts) and offshore installations according to GB/T 25444[35] (all parts);
——medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment.
This standard does not apply to the design of prefabricated switchgear and high voltage/low voltage prefabricated substation.
This standard does not apply to the requirements for live working.
For low-voltage electrical installations, the standard GB/T 16895 applies.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 311.1 Insulation co-ordination - Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules (GB/T 311.1-2012, IEC 60071-1:2006, MOD)
GB/T 1094.11 Power transformers - Part 11: Dry-type transformers (GB/T 1094.11-2007, IEC 60076-11:2004, MOD)
GB 3096 Environmental quality standards for noise
GB/T 3222.1 Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures (GB/T 3222.1-2006, ISO 1996-1:2003, IDT)
GB 3836.1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment - General requirements (GB 3836.1-2010, IEC 60079-0:2007, MOD)
GB 3836.14 Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmosphere (GB 3836.14-2014, IEC 60079-10-1:2008, IDT)
GB/T 3906 Alternating-current metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 3.6kV and up to and including 40.5kV (GB/T 3906-2006, IEC 62271-200:2003, MOD)
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (GB/T 4208-2017, IEC 60529:2013, IDT)
GB/T 4728
(all parts) Graphical symbols for electrical diagrams (IEC 60617 database)
GB/T 6988.1 Preparation of documents used in electrotechnology - Part 1: Rules (GB/T 6988.1-2008, IEC 61082-1:2006, IDT)
GB/T 7674 Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages of 72.5kV and above (GB/T 7674-2008, IEC 62271-203:2003, MOD)
GB/T 11022-2011 Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standards (GB/T 11022-2011, IEC 62271-1:2007, MOD)
GB 12348 Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary
GB/T 13870.1-2008 Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects (GB/T 13870.1-2008, IEC/TS 60479-1:2005, IDT)
GB/T 16927.1 High-voltage test techniques - Part 1: General definitions and test requirements (GB/T 16927.1-2011, IEC 60060-1:2006, MOD)
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installation and equipment (GB/T 17045-2008, IEC 61140:2001, IDT)
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 3.1 General definitions 3.2 Definitions concerning installations 3.3 Definitions concerning types of installations 3.4 Definitions concerning safety measures against electric shock 3.5 Definitions concerning clearances 3.6 Definitions concerning control and protection 3.7 Definitions concerning earthing 4 Fundamental requirements 4.1 General 4.2 Electrical requirements 4.3 Mechanical requirements 4.4 Climatic and environmental conditions 4.5 Special requirements 5 Insulation 5.1 General 5.2 Selection of insulation level 5.3 Verification of withstand values 5.4 Minimum clearances of live parts 5.5 Minimum clearances under special conditions 5.6 Tested connection zones 6 Equipment 6.1 General requirements 6.2 Specific requirements 7 Installations 7.1 General requirements 7.2 Outdoor installations of open design 7.3 Indoor installations of open design 7.4 Installation of prefabricated switchgear 7.5 Requirements for buildings 7.6 High voltage/low voltage prefabricated substations 7.7 Electrical installations on mast, pole and tower 8 Safety measures 8.1 General 8.2 Protection against direct contact 8.3 Means to protect persons in case of indirect contact with live part 8.4 Means to protect persons working on power installations 8.5 Protection from danger resulting from arc fault 8.6 Protection against direct lightning strokes 8.7 Protection against fire 8.8 Protection against leakage of insulating liquid and SF6 8.9 Identification and marking 9 Protection, control and auxiliary systems 9.1 Monitoring and control systems 9.2 d.c. and a.c. supply circuits 9.3 Compressed air systems 9.4 SF6 gas handling devices 9.5 Hydrogen handling devices 9.6 Basic rules for electromagnetic compatibility of control systems 10 Earthing systems 10.1 General 10.2 Fundamental requirements 10.3 Design of earthing systems 10.4 Construction of earthing systems 10.5 Measurements 10.6 Maintainability 11 Inspection and testing 11.1 General 11.2 Verification of specified performances 11.3 Tests during erection and commissioning 11.4 Trial running 12 Operation and maintenance manual Annex A (Normative) Method of calculating permissible touch voltages Annex B (Normative) Permissible touch voltage based on IEEE 80 Annex C (Normative) Earthing system design flow chart Annex D (Informative) Protection measures against direct lightning strokes Bibliography
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 36271 provides requirements for the design and the erection of power installations in a.c. systems with nominal voltages above 1kV, so as to provide safety and proper functioning for the use intended.
For the purpose of interpreting this standard, a power installation is considered to be one of the following.
a) Substation, including substation for railway power supply.
b) Power installations on mast, pole and tower: switchgear and/or transformers located outside a closed electrical operating area.
c) One (or more) power station(s) located on a single site: the installation includes generators and transformer bank and all associated switchgear and electrical auxiliary systems. Connections between generating stations located on different sites are excluded.
d) The electrical system of a factory, industrial plant or other industrial, agricultural, commercial or public premises.
e) Power installations erected on offshore platforms e.g. offshore wind power farms.
The power installation includes, among others, the following equipment:
——rotating electrical machines;
——switchgear;
——transformers and reactors;
——converters;
——cables;
——wiring systems;
——batteries;
——capacitors;
——earthing systems;
——buildings and fences which are part of a closed electrical operating area;
——associated protection, control and auxiliary systems;
——large air core reactor.
Note: In general, a standard for equipment takes precedence over this standard.
This standard does not apply to the design and erection of any of the following:
——overhead and underground lines between separate installations;
——electric railways;
——mining equipment and installations;
——fluorescent lamp installations;
——installations on ships according to IEC 60092[34] (all parts) and offshore installations according to GB/T 25444[35] (all parts);
——electrostatic equipment (e.g. electrostatic precipitators, spray-painting units);
——test sites;
——medical equipment, e.g. medical X-ray equipment.
This standard does not apply to the design of prefabricated switchgear and high voltage/low voltage prefabricated substation.
This standard does not apply to the requirements for live working.
For low-voltage electrical installations, the standard GB/T 16895 applies.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 311.1 Insulation co-ordination - Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules (GB/T 311.1-2012, IEC 60071-1:2006, MOD)
GB/T 311.2-2013 Insulation co-ordination - Part 2: Application guide (IEC 60071-2:1996, MOD)
GB/T 755 Rotating electrical machines - Rating and performance (GB/T 755-2008, IEC 60034-1:2004, IDT)
GB/T 1094.11 Power transformers - Part 11: Dry-type transformers (GB/T 1094.11-2007, IEC 60076-11:2004, MOD)
GB 3096 Environmental quality standards for noise
GB/T 3222.1 Acoustics - Description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 1: Basic quantities and assessment procedures (GB/T 3222.1-2006, ISO 1996-1:2003, IDT)
GB 3836.1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 1: Equipment - General requirements (GB 3836.1-2010, IEC 60079-0:2007, MOD)
GB 3836.14 Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmosphere (GB 3836.14-2014, IEC 60079-10-1:2008, IDT)
GB/T 3906 Alternating-current metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear for rated voltages above 3.6kV and up to and including 40.5kV (GB/T 3906-2006, IEC 62271-200:2003, MOD)
GB/T 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code) (GB/T 4208-2017, IEC 60529:2013, IDT)
GB/T 4728
(all parts) Graphical symbols for electrical diagrams (IEC 60617 database)
GB/T 6988.1 Preparation of documents used in electrotechnology - Part 1: Rules (GB/T 6988.1-2008, IEC 61082-1:2006, IDT)
GB/T 7674 Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear for rated voltages of 72.5kV and above (GB/T 7674-2008, IEC 62271-203:2003, MOD)
GB/T 11022-2011 Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standards (GB/T 11022-2011, IEC 62271-1:2007, MOD)
GB 12348 Emission standard for industrial enterprises noise at boundary
GB/T 13870.1-2008 Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects (GB/T 13870.1-2008, IEC/TS 60479-1:2005, IDT)
GB/T 14598
(all parts) Measuring relays and protection equipment [IEC 60255 (all parts)]
GB/T 16895
(all parts) Low-voltage electrical installations [IEC 60364 (all parts)]
GB/T 16927.1 High-voltage test techniques - Part 1: General definitions and test requirements (GB/T 16927.1-2011, IEC 60060-1:2006, MOD)
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installation and equipment (GB/T 17045-2008, IEC 61140:2001, IDT)
Contents of GB/T 36271.1-2018
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
3.1 General definitions
3.2 Definitions concerning installations
3.3 Definitions concerning types of installations
3.4 Definitions concerning safety measures against electric shock
3.5 Definitions concerning clearances
3.6 Definitions concerning control and protection
3.7 Definitions concerning earthing
4 Fundamental requirements
4.1 General
4.2 Electrical requirements
4.3 Mechanical requirements
4.4 Climatic and environmental conditions
4.5 Special requirements
5 Insulation
5.1 General
5.2 Selection of insulation level
5.3 Verification of withstand values
5.4 Minimum clearances of live parts
5.5 Minimum clearances under special conditions
5.6 Tested connection zones
6 Equipment
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Specific requirements
7 Installations
7.1 General requirements
7.2 Outdoor installations of open design
7.3 Indoor installations of open design
7.4 Installation of prefabricated switchgear
7.5 Requirements for buildings
7.6 High voltage/low voltage prefabricated substations
7.7 Electrical installations on mast, pole and tower
8 Safety measures
8.1 General
8.2 Protection against direct contact
8.3 Means to protect persons in case of indirect contact with live part
8.4 Means to protect persons working on power installations
8.5 Protection from danger resulting from arc fault
8.6 Protection against direct lightning strokes
8.7 Protection against fire
8.8 Protection against leakage of insulating liquid and SF6
8.9 Identification and marking
9 Protection, control and auxiliary systems
9.1 Monitoring and control systems
9.2 d.c. and a.c. supply circuits
9.3 Compressed air systems
9.4 SF6 gas handling devices
9.5 Hydrogen handling devices
9.6 Basic rules for electromagnetic compatibility of control systems
10 Earthing systems
10.1 General
10.2 Fundamental requirements
10.3 Design of earthing systems
10.4 Construction of earthing systems
10.5 Measurements
10.6 Maintainability
11 Inspection and testing
11.1 General
11.2 Verification of specified performances
11.3 Tests during erection and commissioning
11.4 Trial running
12 Operation and maintenance manual
Annex A (Normative) Method of calculating permissible touch voltages
Annex B (Normative) Permissible touch voltage based on IEEE 80
Annex C (Normative) Earthing system design flow chart
Annex D (Informative) Protection measures against direct lightning strokes
Bibliography
