1 Scope
This document gives information on the requirements and evaluation of used machines.
This document describes the means of evaluation of used machines and the relevant information provided by the manufacturer in its driver's manual to verify that the function of the used machine is consistent with the intended function.
This document applies to used earthmoving machines as defined in ISO 6165 that are placed on the market for sale. Note: Used machines may not meet the requirements of existing standards and laws and regulations (e.g. roadworthiness, hazardous environments).
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text, of which, for dated references, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendment sheets) applies to this document.
3 Terms and definitions
The terms defined in ISO 6165 and ISO 10987 and the following terms and definitions are applicable to this document:
ISO Online Browsing Platform: http://www.iso.org/obp
IEC e-encyclopedia: http://www.electropedia.org
4 Requirements for the evaluation of used machines
4.1 Overview
The machine owner, the seller or his agent is required by this chapter to evaluate the information provided by the manufacturer in the driver's manual in relation to used machines for the purpose of verifying the functioning of the used machine.
An example of a used machine inspection sheet is given in Appendix A, the format of which consists of four parts:
a) The upper part of the first page provides a special identification of the used machine;
b) The middle of the first page provides a checklist to record the results of the used machine inspection;
c) The bottom of the first page provides information about the inspector;
d) the second page provides a detailed list of inspection items according to the requirements of this document.
4.2 General requirements
The machine owner, the seller or his agent shall assess and verify the used machine in accordance with the following requirements:
a) The labels and symbols on the machine are consistent with and readable from the driver's manual, and the used machine label includes a lubrication chart if the manufacturer has provided one on the new machine;
b) the controls function in accordance with the operating information in the driver's manual of the machine;
c) the machine starts properly;
d) the working devices and accessories are in good condition and function in accordance with the driver's manual
e) all hydraulic cylinders and rotary mechanisms are in normal operation when the machine is in air transport;
f) all transmission components work without abnormalities
g) smooth operation of the power system and gearing, no abnormal noise, no abnormal exhaust smoke colour
h) the engine's subsidiary institutions (such as lubrication. cooling, intake and exhaust and fuel systems. No oil, water or gas leaks, and minor leaks are acceptable;
i) No leakage or substantial permanent deformation of the fuel tank;
4.3 Environmental requirements
The machine owner, the seller or his agent shall assess and verify the used machine in accordance with the following requirements:
a) The main functional components that affect the noise of the machine (e.g. exhaust system, noise reduction mats, windows, hood) are installed and in good working order;
b) if an exhaust emission certification label was fitted to the original engine of the second-hand machine, this label is clearly marked;
c) if air conditioning equipment is installed, the refrigerant label is clearly marked.
4.4 Safety requirements
The machine owner, the seller or his agent shall assess the safety-related items of the used machine and verify compliance with the following requirements.
a) The safety label of the used machine is in the appropriate place and clearly marked as specified in the driver's manual.
b) Used machines equipped with a driver's compartment where the driver's compartment doors and windows are flexible, the locks are secure and reliable and there are no water leaks. The windows are fitted with safety glass or other materials with the same safety features and are appropriately labelled (see ECE R43 for an example).
c) The main structural components (e.g. work unit, frame, slewing platform) are in good condition and are identified in the used machine inspection report as having no cracks or visible deformations.
d) Passages, steps, escalators, etc. are in good condition and of original construction. When windows are used as emergency exits, they are appropriately marked (see GB/T31523.1-2015, Figure 1-01 for an example).
e) Rubber-tyred used machines are fitted with tyres and wheels that are appropriate for their load performance and application. The wheels are in good condition and the wheel carriage is clearly marked (see ISO 4250-3 for an example).
f) Where the machine is equipped with a tip-over protective structure (TOPS), roll-over protective structure (ROPS) or falling object protective structure (FOPS), these structures are labelled TOPS, ROPS or FOPS and are in good condition. There should be no permanent deformation, cracks or corrosion in the cross-section of the structural elements.
g) Used machines fitted with ROPS or TOPS are equipped with a driver restraint system as specified in the driver's manual. The textile material of the seat belt should be in good condition and should not be cut or worn.
h) When the used machine is to be operated with the driver seated, it has an adjustable seat that supports the driver in a position that allows him to control the machine under the intended working conditions.
5 Verification of used machine requirements
One or more of the following methods should be used to verify that the used machine meets the requirements:
Visual inspection;
Measurement;
Functional evaluation.
6 Warranty period
If a warranty period is provided for the used machine, it shall be in accordance with the agreement in the sales contract.
Note 1: The duration of the warranty period is regulated by law and regulations.
Note 2: The warranty period for used machines may not correspond to the warranty period for their components. For example, the warranty period is 3 months or 500 h (whichever comes first) for the complete machine (excluding wearing parts) and 6 months or 1,000 h (whichever comes first) for important components (e.g. engines, pumps, motors, valves, hydraulic cylinders).
7 Marking and information
7.1 Machine identification
Used machines shall have a placard containing the machine identification number (PIN) or serial number and may also include the following information, which shall be legible and not easily removable throughout the life of the machine:
a) the name and address of the manufacturer;
b) the model number of the machine;
c) the year of manufacture or, if the year of manufacture is not on the machine, it is advisable to obtain the information from the seller. The working quality of the machine should be obtained from the driver's manual.
7.2 Documentation
Used machines should have a driver's manual available. A photograph of the complete machine is desirable for used machines. The used machine should have the following documents and information:
a) A complete used machine inspection sheet (see 4.1 and Appendix A);
b) Parts manual (if available);
c) Statement of major accidents (major accidents include overturning, fire, flooding and serious injury from falling objects);
d) Maintenance records (if any);
e) Packing list of used machines.
Appendix A (informative) example of an inspection sheet
Bibliography
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements for the evaluation of used machines
5 Verification of used machine requirements
6 Warranty period
7 Marking and information
Appendix A (informative) example of an inspection sheet
Bibliography
1 Scope
This document gives information on the requirements and evaluation of used machines.
This document describes the means of evaluation of used machines and the relevant information provided by the manufacturer in its driver's manual to verify that the function of the used machine is consistent with the intended function.
This document applies to used earthmoving machines as defined in ISO 6165 that are placed on the market for sale. Note: Used machines may not meet the requirements of existing standards and laws and regulations (e.g. roadworthiness, hazardous environments).
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text, of which, for dated references, only the version corresponding to that date applies to this document; for undated references, the latest version (including all amendment sheets) applies to this document.
3 Terms and definitions
The terms defined in ISO 6165 and ISO 10987 and the following terms and definitions are applicable to this document:
ISO Online Browsing Platform: http://www.iso.org/obp
IEC e-encyclopedia: http://www.electropedia.org
4 Requirements for the evaluation of used machines
4.1 Overview
The machine owner, the seller or his agent is required by this chapter to evaluate the information provided by the manufacturer in the driver's manual in relation to used machines for the purpose of verifying the functioning of the used machine.
An example of a used machine inspection sheet is given in Appendix A, the format of which consists of four parts:
a) The upper part of the first page provides a special identification of the used machine;
b) The middle of the first page provides a checklist to record the results of the used machine inspection;
c) The bottom of the first page provides information about the inspector;
d) the second page provides a detailed list of inspection items according to the requirements of this document.
4.2 General requirements
The machine owner, the seller or his agent shall assess and verify the used machine in accordance with the following requirements:
a) The labels and symbols on the machine are consistent with and readable from the driver's manual, and the used machine label includes a lubrication chart if the manufacturer has provided one on the new machine;
b) the controls function in accordance with the operating information in the driver's manual of the machine;
c) the machine starts properly;
d) the working devices and accessories are in good condition and function in accordance with the driver's manual
e) all hydraulic cylinders and rotary mechanisms are in normal operation when the machine is in air transport;
f) all transmission components work without abnormalities
g) smooth operation of the power system and gearing, no abnormal noise, no abnormal exhaust smoke colour
h) the engine's subsidiary institutions (such as lubrication. cooling, intake and exhaust and fuel systems. No oil, water or gas leaks, and minor leaks are acceptable;
i) No leakage or substantial permanent deformation of the fuel tank;
4.3 Environmental requirements
The machine owner, the seller or his agent shall assess and verify the used machine in accordance with the following requirements:
a) The main functional components that affect the noise of the machine (e.g. exhaust system, noise reduction mats, windows, hood) are installed and in good working order;
b) if an exhaust emission certification label was fitted to the original engine of the second-hand machine, this label is clearly marked;
c) if air conditioning equipment is installed, the refrigerant label is clearly marked.
4.4 Safety requirements
The machine owner, the seller or his agent shall assess the safety-related items of the used machine and verify compliance with the following requirements.
a) The safety label of the used machine is in the appropriate place and clearly marked as specified in the driver's manual.
b) Used machines equipped with a driver's compartment where the driver's compartment doors and windows are flexible, the locks are secure and reliable and there are no water leaks. The windows are fitted with safety glass or other materials with the same safety features and are appropriately labelled (see ECE R43 for an example).
c) The main structural components (e.g. work unit, frame, slewing platform) are in good condition and are identified in the used machine inspection report as having no cracks or visible deformations.
d) Passages, steps, escalators, etc. are in good condition and of original construction. When windows are used as emergency exits, they are appropriately marked (see GB/T31523.1-2015, Figure 1-01 for an example).
e) Rubber-tyred used machines are fitted with tyres and wheels that are appropriate for their load performance and application. The wheels are in good condition and the wheel carriage is clearly marked (see ISO 4250-3 for an example).
f) Where the machine is equipped with a tip-over protective structure (TOPS), roll-over protective structure (ROPS) or falling object protective structure (FOPS), these structures are labelled TOPS, ROPS or FOPS and are in good condition. There should be no permanent deformation, cracks or corrosion in the cross-section of the structural elements.
g) Used machines fitted with ROPS or TOPS are equipped with a driver restraint system as specified in the driver's manual. The textile material of the seat belt should be in good condition and should not be cut or worn.
h) When the used machine is to be operated with the driver seated, it has an adjustable seat that supports the driver in a position that allows him to control the machine under the intended working conditions.
5 Verification of used machine requirements
One or more of the following methods should be used to verify that the used machine meets the requirements:
Visual inspection;
Measurement;
Functional evaluation.
6 Warranty period
If a warranty period is provided for the used machine, it shall be in accordance with the agreement in the sales contract.
Note 1: The duration of the warranty period is regulated by law and regulations.
Note 2: The warranty period for used machines may not correspond to the warranty period for their components. For example, the warranty period is 3 months or 500 h (whichever comes first) for the complete machine (excluding wearing parts) and 6 months or 1,000 h (whichever comes first) for important components (e.g. engines, pumps, motors, valves, hydraulic cylinders).
7 Marking and information
7.1 Machine identification
Used machines shall have a placard containing the machine identification number (PIN) or serial number and may also include the following information, which shall be legible and not easily removable throughout the life of the machine:
a) the name and address of the manufacturer;
b) the model number of the machine;
c) the year of manufacture or, if the year of manufacture is not on the machine, it is advisable to obtain the information from the seller. The working quality of the machine should be obtained from the driver's manual.
7.2 Documentation
Used machines should have a driver's manual available. A photograph of the complete machine is desirable for used machines. The used machine should have the following documents and information:
a) A complete used machine inspection sheet (see 4.1 and Appendix A);
b) Parts manual (if available);
c) Statement of major accidents (major accidents include overturning, fire, flooding and serious injury from falling objects);
d) Maintenance records (if any);
e) Packing list of used machines.
Appendix A (informative) example of an inspection sheet
Bibliography
Contents of GB/T 41101.3-2021
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Requirements for the evaluation of used machines
5 Verification of used machine requirements
6 Warranty period
7 Marking and information
Appendix A (informative) example of an inspection sheet
Bibliography