This document sets out in detail the descriptive framework of a city and the underlying ontology associated with its anatomy. Among other things, the descriptive framework is intended to include the following characteristics:
Trans-temporal, compatible with the habitat of any period in history;
Cross-cultural, applicable to any culture and any type of city;
Scalable, applicable to mega-cities as well as to small and medium-sized cities, towns and villages;
Universal, applicable to all places that can be defined as 'habitat', e.g. 'smart cities'.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text. Among them, the reference document with the date, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document; the reference document without the date, its latest version (including all the revision sheets) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 40758-2021 Terminology for sustainable urban and community development (GB/T 40758-2021 ,ISO 37100: 2016, IDT)
3 Terminology and definitions
The terms defined in GB/T 40758-2021 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
4 Descriptive framework of the city
4.1 General description of the city
Figure 1 illustrates the 3 primary logical elements of an urban ecosystem. Where structure refers to the overall collection of physical structures; society refers to the people who inhabit this physical structure and use its functions; and interaction refers to the interactions between society and the physical structures.
4.5 Structures (systems)
4.5.1 Environment
The first sub-system layer of the structural system in the descriptive framework shown in Figure 1 is the environment (as in Figure 2), i.e. the constituent context of the city.
4.6 Interaction (system)
4.6.1 Overview
Interactions are the second type of system considered in the descriptive framework. Interactions between structures and society effectively reflect the activities of the city and can be analysed and measured as a flow of information.
4.7 Society (systems)
4.7.1 Overview
The third type of urban system is society, which includes citizens and government.
4.7.2 Citizens
Citizens are people who live in cities, usually as individuals, households, organisations, businesses etc. The term "individual" is widely used and includes all people living, working or travelling in the city (whether they are permanent or legal citizens or not). In Figure 1, visitors are defined as people who move across city boundaries. In addition to independent individuals, citizens can also organise themselves in groups (e.g. clubs) in a variety of ways, or gather in companies, businesses or other entities for purposes such as work and commerce.
Note: The term 'individual' can be extended to include pets or domestic animals living in the city, depending on demand.
4.7.3 Government
Government is the part of the social system that is appointed or elected to serve the city and community. Government includes both decision makers and
It includes both the decision makers and the people and institutions that implement the decision makers and the vision for the operation of the city.
Note: The processes of government operation and governance are used for assessment purposes in this document.
5 Ontologies underpinning the descriptive framework of the city
5.1 Descriptive framework for the City Anatomy Ontology (CAO)
In addition to the instructions for use described in 4.3, the descriptive framework can be used as the basis for an ontology. The ontology provides a digital representation for constructing concepts and attributes of the urban anatomy framework and has several functions:
Improves the clarity and completeness of the framework by providing a more accurate description of the concepts that appear in the descriptive framework;
Provides a set of data models that cities can use to better depict and derive their urban anatomy. The data model can be used in the planning and operation of the city to improve the interoperability of data between city departments;.
It provides the basis for building urban operations, framework-based urban design operations and information infrastructure.
5.2 Classification of ontologies and binding vocabulary
An ontology is often referred to as "a shared conceptualisation of a specification, an explicit description". In this sense, the term 'conceptualisation' refers to the construction of abstract models of certain phenomena in the world through the identification of relevant concepts. "Explicit" means that the ontology clearly defines the type of concept referred to and the constraints under which it is used. "Specification" means that the ontology should be recognisable by machines. Finally, "shared" reflects the fact that ontologies embody commonly accepted knowledge and respond to a collection of concepts that are recognised in the relevant domain. That is, it is not the view of a particular individual on the target phenomenon, but rather a view that is accepted by the whole group.
Ontologies are designed to be used in applications to process information content or to perform certain types of reasoning, rather than simply to present raw, unprocessed information. Ontologies allow for greater machine decipherability than - in general - technical grammar support models such as XML, RDF, RDF-S. Ontologies provide formal semantics as well as additional vocabulary.
From a structural point of view, an ontology consists of a collection of disjoint concepts (i.e. no common elements), relationships, attributes and data types. "A 'concept' is a collection of real-world entities that share common characteristics. A "relation" is a binary association between concepts. Concepts and relationships between concepts are common in any domain and domain-related associations. "Attributes" represent the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of a given concept, and take values within the range defined by the data type.
5.3 Design principles of the descriptive framework CAO
5.3.1 Overview
This descriptive CAO has been developed based on the following design principles:
Identification of ontology capability requirements (e.g. questions that the ontology must be able to answer);
Identification of relevant terms (vocabulary) in terms of descriptive framework urban anatomy and its properties;
Organization of terms to form a classification;
Extraction of relationships between terms and axiomatic definitions, used to provide a clear explanation of the terms;
supporting the expansion of ontologies.
In addition, where appropriate, it should be possible to identify suitable concepts from ISO/IEC 30182 that can be mapped to CAO ideas.
5.4 Architecture systems
5.4.1 Overview
The three layers that make up the anatomical structure of the city are: the environment, the infrastructure and the built space for human habitation.
Figure 13 illustrates the main entities of the city and their interrelationships.
5.5 Interaction systems
5.5.1 Overview
The interaction system describes the relationship between structure and society and contains the nodes where functions are generated. The interaction layer consists of the following components.
5.6 Social subsystem
The social subsystem contains the entities that live in the city and includes all the people that inhabit and occupy the physical space of the city while performing their own functions. The structure of the urban system is illustrated in Figure 20 and is described in detail in Table 9.
The main components of the social system include:
Citizens: Citizens include individuals in the form of individuals, households, organisations and businesses. "The term 'individual' is widely used to include all people who live, work or travel in a city, whether they are permanent or legal citizens or not. In addition to independent individuals, citizens also include groups of people who gather for the purpose of organising in groups, working, etc., and who exist in, for example, clubs and companies.
Government: Government is a part of society and is to some extent elected or appointed to serve it. The process of running government, i.e. governance, will be used for the purposes of the assessment, and the specifics will be discussed in 5.7.
5.7 The dynamic process of urbanisation
The descriptive framework of urban anatomy can be used to facilitate the core organisational activities of the city. Urban activities are considered to be dynamic processes that take place over a certain period of time. The anatomical model defines three different types of urban processes: governance, evaluation and transformation (see Figure 21 and Table 11).
Governance: encompasses a range of specific activities and behavioural processes used to govern formal and informal urban organisations. Leadership is required to guide and influence urban organisations by setting long-term (within the electoral cycle or longer) goals and development priorities for achieving the city's vision, within a political, administrative and legal system.
Appendix (informative) Use of descriptive frameworks in urban activities: governance, evaluation, transformation
Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terminology and definitions 4 Descriptive framework of the city 5 Ontologies underpinning the descriptive framework of the city Appendix (informative) Use of descriptive frameworks in urban activities: governance, evaluation, transformation
Standard
GB/T 41151-2021 Sustainable cities and communities descriptive framework for cities and communities (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 41151-2021
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
23000 words
Price(USD)
690.0
Implemented on
2022-4-1
Delivery
via email in 1~5 business day
Detail of GB/T 41151-2021
Standard No.
GB/T 41151-2021
English Name
Sustainable cities and communities descriptive framework for cities and communities
1 Scope
This document sets out in detail the descriptive framework of a city and the underlying ontology associated with its anatomy. Among other things, the descriptive framework is intended to include the following characteristics:
Trans-temporal, compatible with the habitat of any period in history;
Cross-cultural, applicable to any culture and any type of city;
Scalable, applicable to mega-cities as well as to small and medium-sized cities, towns and villages;
Universal, applicable to all places that can be defined as 'habitat', e.g. 'smart cities'.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document by means of normative references in the text. Among them, the reference document with the date, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to this document; the reference document without the date, its latest version (including all the revision sheets) is applicable to this document.
GB/T 40758-2021 Terminology for sustainable urban and community development (GB/T 40758-2021 ,ISO 37100: 2016, IDT)
3 Terminology and definitions
The terms defined in GB/T 40758-2021 and the following terms and definitions apply to this document.
4 Descriptive framework of the city
4.1 General description of the city
Figure 1 illustrates the 3 primary logical elements of an urban ecosystem. Where structure refers to the overall collection of physical structures; society refers to the people who inhabit this physical structure and use its functions; and interaction refers to the interactions between society and the physical structures.
4.5 Structures (systems)
4.5.1 Environment
The first sub-system layer of the structural system in the descriptive framework shown in Figure 1 is the environment (as in Figure 2), i.e. the constituent context of the city.
4.6 Interaction (system)
4.6.1 Overview
Interactions are the second type of system considered in the descriptive framework. Interactions between structures and society effectively reflect the activities of the city and can be analysed and measured as a flow of information.
4.7 Society (systems)
4.7.1 Overview
The third type of urban system is society, which includes citizens and government.
4.7.2 Citizens
Citizens are people who live in cities, usually as individuals, households, organisations, businesses etc. The term "individual" is widely used and includes all people living, working or travelling in the city (whether they are permanent or legal citizens or not). In Figure 1, visitors are defined as people who move across city boundaries. In addition to independent individuals, citizens can also organise themselves in groups (e.g. clubs) in a variety of ways, or gather in companies, businesses or other entities for purposes such as work and commerce.
Note: The term 'individual' can be extended to include pets or domestic animals living in the city, depending on demand.
4.7.3 Government
Government is the part of the social system that is appointed or elected to serve the city and community. Government includes both decision makers and
It includes both the decision makers and the people and institutions that implement the decision makers and the vision for the operation of the city.
Note: The processes of government operation and governance are used for assessment purposes in this document.
5 Ontologies underpinning the descriptive framework of the city
5.1 Descriptive framework for the City Anatomy Ontology (CAO)
In addition to the instructions for use described in 4.3, the descriptive framework can be used as the basis for an ontology. The ontology provides a digital representation for constructing concepts and attributes of the urban anatomy framework and has several functions:
Improves the clarity and completeness of the framework by providing a more accurate description of the concepts that appear in the descriptive framework;
Provides a set of data models that cities can use to better depict and derive their urban anatomy. The data model can be used in the planning and operation of the city to improve the interoperability of data between city departments;.
It provides the basis for building urban operations, framework-based urban design operations and information infrastructure.
5.2 Classification of ontologies and binding vocabulary
An ontology is often referred to as "a shared conceptualisation of a specification, an explicit description". In this sense, the term 'conceptualisation' refers to the construction of abstract models of certain phenomena in the world through the identification of relevant concepts. "Explicit" means that the ontology clearly defines the type of concept referred to and the constraints under which it is used. "Specification" means that the ontology should be recognisable by machines. Finally, "shared" reflects the fact that ontologies embody commonly accepted knowledge and respond to a collection of concepts that are recognised in the relevant domain. That is, it is not the view of a particular individual on the target phenomenon, but rather a view that is accepted by the whole group.
Ontologies are designed to be used in applications to process information content or to perform certain types of reasoning, rather than simply to present raw, unprocessed information. Ontologies allow for greater machine decipherability than - in general - technical grammar support models such as XML, RDF, RDF-S. Ontologies provide formal semantics as well as additional vocabulary.
From a structural point of view, an ontology consists of a collection of disjoint concepts (i.e. no common elements), relationships, attributes and data types. "A 'concept' is a collection of real-world entities that share common characteristics. A "relation" is a binary association between concepts. Concepts and relationships between concepts are common in any domain and domain-related associations. "Attributes" represent the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of a given concept, and take values within the range defined by the data type.
5.3 Design principles of the descriptive framework CAO
5.3.1 Overview
This descriptive CAO has been developed based on the following design principles:
Identification of ontology capability requirements (e.g. questions that the ontology must be able to answer);
Identification of relevant terms (vocabulary) in terms of descriptive framework urban anatomy and its properties;
Organization of terms to form a classification;
Extraction of relationships between terms and axiomatic definitions, used to provide a clear explanation of the terms;
supporting the expansion of ontologies.
In addition, where appropriate, it should be possible to identify suitable concepts from ISO/IEC 30182 that can be mapped to CAO ideas.
5.4 Architecture systems
5.4.1 Overview
The three layers that make up the anatomical structure of the city are: the environment, the infrastructure and the built space for human habitation.
Figure 13 illustrates the main entities of the city and their interrelationships.
5.5 Interaction systems
5.5.1 Overview
The interaction system describes the relationship between structure and society and contains the nodes where functions are generated. The interaction layer consists of the following components.
5.6 Social subsystem
The social subsystem contains the entities that live in the city and includes all the people that inhabit and occupy the physical space of the city while performing their own functions. The structure of the urban system is illustrated in Figure 20 and is described in detail in Table 9.
The main components of the social system include:
Citizens: Citizens include individuals in the form of individuals, households, organisations and businesses. "The term 'individual' is widely used to include all people who live, work or travel in a city, whether they are permanent or legal citizens or not. In addition to independent individuals, citizens also include groups of people who gather for the purpose of organising in groups, working, etc., and who exist in, for example, clubs and companies.
Government: Government is a part of society and is to some extent elected or appointed to serve it. The process of running government, i.e. governance, will be used for the purposes of the assessment, and the specifics will be discussed in 5.7.
5.7 The dynamic process of urbanisation
The descriptive framework of urban anatomy can be used to facilitate the core organisational activities of the city. Urban activities are considered to be dynamic processes that take place over a certain period of time. The anatomical model defines three different types of urban processes: governance, evaluation and transformation (see Figure 21 and Table 11).
Governance: encompasses a range of specific activities and behavioural processes used to govern formal and informal urban organisations. Leadership is required to guide and influence urban organisations by setting long-term (within the electoral cycle or longer) goals and development priorities for achieving the city's vision, within a political, administrative and legal system.
Appendix (informative) Use of descriptive frameworks in urban activities: governance, evaluation, transformation
Contents of GB/T 41151-2021
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terminology and definitions
4 Descriptive framework of the city
5 Ontologies underpinning the descriptive framework of the city
Appendix (informative) Use of descriptive frameworks in urban activities: governance, evaluation, transformation
