GB/T 42918.1-2023 Plastics—Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion—Part 1:Designation system and basis for specifications (English Version)
GB/T 42918.1-2023 Plastics- Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion - Part 1 : Designation system and basis for specifications
1 Scope
This document establishes a system of designation for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, providing the designation table.
The designation system is applicable to all thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. It applies to materials ready for normal use in the form of powder, granules or pellets, unmodified or modified by colourants, fillers or other additives, etc.
The types of thermoplastic polyurethane are differentiated from each other by a classification system based on appropriate levels of the following properties:
a) hardness;
b) tensile modulus of elasticity (optional);
and on information about the alternating hard and soft segments in the main chain, the intended application and/or method of processing, important properties, additives, colour, fillers, and reinforcing materials.
It is not intended to imply that materials having the same designation give necessarily the same performance. This document does not provide engineering data, performance data, or data on processing conditions which may be required to specify a material for a particular application and/or method of processing. If such additional properties are required, it is intended that theybe determined in accordance with the test methods specified in ISO 16365-2, if suitable.
In order to specify a thermoplastic elastomer for a particular application or reproducible processing, additional requirements are intended to be given in data block 5 (see 4.1 and 4.6).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 527 (all parts) Plastics - Determination of tensile properties
Note: GB/T 1040 (all parts) Plastics - Determination of tensile properties [ISO 527 (all parts)]
ISO 868 Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness)
Note: GB/T 2411-2008 Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a duronmeter (shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003, IDT)
ISO 1043-4 Plastics- Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 4 : Flame retardants
Note: GB/T 1844.4-2008 Plastics - Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 4: Flame retardants (ISO 1043-4:1998, IDT)
ISO 16365-2 Plastics - Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion - Part 2 : Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties
ISO 18064 Thermoplastic elastomers - Nomenclature and abbreviated terms
Note: GB/T 22027-2008 Thermoplastic elastomers - Nomenclature and abbreviated terms (ISO 18064 :2003, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
There are no terms and definitions defined in this document.
4 Designation system
4.1 General
The designation system for polyurethanes is based on the following standardized pattern (Figure 1).
The designation consists of an optional description block, reading “Thermoplastics”, and an identity block comprising the national standard number and an individual item block. For unambiguous designation, the individual item block is subdivided into five data blocks comprising the following information.
- Data block 1: Identification of the thermoplastic polyurethane by its abbreviated symbol (TPU), in accordance with ISO 18064, and optional information on the alternating hard and soft segments in the main chain (see 4.2).
- Data block 2: Fillers or reinforcing materials including summarized nominal content (4.3):
important properties, modifier, and flame retardant (4.3);
declaration of recyclate: R followed by a number representing the percentage by mass of recyclate (4.3).
- Data block 3: Application and processing:
Position 1: method of processing (4.4);
Positions 2 and further: additives, supplementary information and other characteristics (4.4).
- Data block 4: Designatory properties (4.5):
- hardness;
- modulus.
- Data block 5: For the purpose of specifications, a fifth data block containing additional information may be used (see 4.6). The kind of information and the code-letters used are not the subject of this document.
The first character of the individual item block shall be a hyphen. The five data blocks shall be separated from each other by a comma. If a data block is not used, this shall be indicated by doubling the separation sign, i.e. by two commas (,,). Terminal commas maybe omitted.
For part marking the first two data blocks of the designation are used, connected with a hyphen, and placed between the punctuation marks'>'and'<', where no spaces are used between the codes.
See Figure 2 for the examples of designation.
4.2 Data block 1
In this data block, after the hyphen, the thermoplastic polyurethane is identified by using the symbols and designations specified below.
The prefix TP is followed by a letter representing the category of the thermoplastic elastomer as detailed in ISO 18064. For urethane thermoplastic elastomers the prefix TP is followed by the letter U.
Thermoplastic polyurethanes consist of a block copolymer of alternating hard and soft segments with urethane chemical linkages in the hard blocks and ether, ester, or carbonate linkages or mixtures of them in the soft blocks. The “TPU” group is sub-categorized into groups according to the linkages in the soft blocks. The following symbols shall be used:
- TPU-ARES: Aromatic isocyanate, polyester polyol;
- TPU-ARET: Aromatic isocyanate, polyether polyol;
- TPU-AREE: Aromatic isocyanate, polyol with ester and ether linkages;
- TPU-ARCE: Aromatic isocyanate, polycarbonate polyol;
- TPU-ARCL: Aromatic isocyanate, polycaprolactone polyol;
- TPU-ALES: Aliphatic isocyanate, polyester polyol;
- TPU-ALET: Aliphatic isocyanate, polyether polyol.
The identification of the subcategories by the above-mentioned symbols is optional.
4.3 Data block 2
In this data block, the type of filler or reinforcing material is represented by a single code-letter and its physical form by a second code-letter, the code-letters as specified in Table 1. Subsequently (without a space), the mass content may be given by a two-figure code-number.
Mixtures of filler materials or forms may be indicated by combining the relevant codes using the sign “+” within parentheses followed by the total filler content outside the parenthesis. For example, a mixture of 25% by mass glass fibre (GF) and 10% by mass mineral powder (MD) shall be indicated by (GF+MD) 35.
Separated from the reinforcement code by a space, the addition of a flame retardant or flame retardant behaviour is represented by the code FR, where the type of flame retardant in accordance with ISO 1043-4 is given by a two letter-code between parentheses.
Separated by a space from the flame retardant or the reinforcement code if no flame retardant code is used, the declaration of recyclate is represented by the code, R, between parentheses, (R). Following the code, R, the mass content may be given between the parenthesis without a space. For example, a TPU material containing 20 % glass fibres resulting from an overall minimum 70 % of mass recyclate and 30% of virgin material would be indicated TPU-GF20 (R70).
Standard
GB/T 42918.1-2023 Plastics—Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion—Part 1:Designation system and basis for specifications (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 42918.1-2023
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
8500 words
Price(USD)
255.0
Implemented on
2024-3-1
Delivery
via email in 1~3 business day
Detail of GB/T 42918.1-2023
Standard No.
GB/T 42918.1-2023
English Name
Plastics—Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion—Part 1:Designation system and basis for specifications
GB/T 42918.1-2023 Plastics- Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion - Part 1 : Designation system and basis for specifications
1 Scope
This document establishes a system of designation for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers, providing the designation table.
The designation system is applicable to all thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. It applies to materials ready for normal use in the form of powder, granules or pellets, unmodified or modified by colourants, fillers or other additives, etc.
The types of thermoplastic polyurethane are differentiated from each other by a classification system based on appropriate levels of the following properties:
a) hardness;
b) tensile modulus of elasticity (optional);
and on information about the alternating hard and soft segments in the main chain, the intended application and/or method of processing, important properties, additives, colour, fillers, and reinforcing materials.
It is not intended to imply that materials having the same designation give necessarily the same performance. This document does not provide engineering data, performance data, or data on processing conditions which may be required to specify a material for a particular application and/or method of processing. If such additional properties are required, it is intended that theybe determined in accordance with the test methods specified in ISO 16365-2, if suitable.
In order to specify a thermoplastic elastomer for a particular application or reproducible processing, additional requirements are intended to be given in data block 5 (see 4.1 and 4.6).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 527 (all parts) Plastics - Determination of tensile properties
Note: GB/T 1040 (all parts) Plastics - Determination of tensile properties [ISO 527 (all parts)]
ISO 868 Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness)
Note: GB/T 2411-2008 Plastics and ebonite - Determination of indentation hardness by means of a duronmeter (shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003, IDT)
ISO 1043-4 Plastics- Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 4 : Flame retardants
Note: GB/T 1844.4-2008 Plastics - Symbols and abbreviated terms - Part 4: Flame retardants (ISO 1043-4:1998, IDT)
ISO 16365-2 Plastics - Thermoplastic polyurethanes for moulding and extrusion - Part 2 : Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties
ISO 18064 Thermoplastic elastomers - Nomenclature and abbreviated terms
Note: GB/T 22027-2008 Thermoplastic elastomers - Nomenclature and abbreviated terms (ISO 18064 :2003, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
There are no terms and definitions defined in this document.
4 Designation system
4.1 General
The designation system for polyurethanes is based on the following standardized pattern (Figure 1).
The designation consists of an optional description block, reading “Thermoplastics”, and an identity block comprising the national standard number and an individual item block. For unambiguous designation, the individual item block is subdivided into five data blocks comprising the following information.
- Data block 1: Identification of the thermoplastic polyurethane by its abbreviated symbol (TPU), in accordance with ISO 18064, and optional information on the alternating hard and soft segments in the main chain (see 4.2).
- Data block 2: Fillers or reinforcing materials including summarized nominal content (4.3):
important properties, modifier, and flame retardant (4.3);
declaration of recyclate: R followed by a number representing the percentage by mass of recyclate (4.3).
- Data block 3: Application and processing:
Position 1: method of processing (4.4);
Positions 2 and further: additives, supplementary information and other characteristics (4.4).
- Data block 4: Designatory properties (4.5):
- hardness;
- modulus.
- Data block 5: For the purpose of specifications, a fifth data block containing additional information may be used (see 4.6). The kind of information and the code-letters used are not the subject of this document.
The first character of the individual item block shall be a hyphen. The five data blocks shall be separated from each other by a comma. If a data block is not used, this shall be indicated by doubling the separation sign, i.e. by two commas (,,). Terminal commas maybe omitted.
For part marking the first two data blocks of the designation are used, connected with a hyphen, and placed between the punctuation marks'>'and'<', where no spaces are used between the codes.
See Figure 2 for the examples of designation.
4.2 Data block 1
In this data block, after the hyphen, the thermoplastic polyurethane is identified by using the symbols and designations specified below.
The prefix TP is followed by a letter representing the category of the thermoplastic elastomer as detailed in ISO 18064. For urethane thermoplastic elastomers the prefix TP is followed by the letter U.
Thermoplastic polyurethanes consist of a block copolymer of alternating hard and soft segments with urethane chemical linkages in the hard blocks and ether, ester, or carbonate linkages or mixtures of them in the soft blocks. The “TPU” group is sub-categorized into groups according to the linkages in the soft blocks. The following symbols shall be used:
- TPU-ARES: Aromatic isocyanate, polyester polyol;
- TPU-ARET: Aromatic isocyanate, polyether polyol;
- TPU-AREE: Aromatic isocyanate, polyol with ester and ether linkages;
- TPU-ARCE: Aromatic isocyanate, polycarbonate polyol;
- TPU-ARCL: Aromatic isocyanate, polycaprolactone polyol;
- TPU-ALES: Aliphatic isocyanate, polyester polyol;
- TPU-ALET: Aliphatic isocyanate, polyether polyol.
The identification of the subcategories by the above-mentioned symbols is optional.
4.3 Data block 2
In this data block, the type of filler or reinforcing material is represented by a single code-letter and its physical form by a second code-letter, the code-letters as specified in Table 1. Subsequently (without a space), the mass content may be given by a two-figure code-number.
Mixtures of filler materials or forms may be indicated by combining the relevant codes using the sign “+” within parentheses followed by the total filler content outside the parenthesis. For example, a mixture of 25% by mass glass fibre (GF) and 10% by mass mineral powder (MD) shall be indicated by (GF+MD) 35.
Separated from the reinforcement code by a space, the addition of a flame retardant or flame retardant behaviour is represented by the code FR, where the type of flame retardant in accordance with ISO 1043-4 is given by a two letter-code between parentheses.
Separated by a space from the flame retardant or the reinforcement code if no flame retardant code is used, the declaration of recyclate is represented by the code, R, between parentheses, (R). Following the code, R, the mass content may be given between the parenthesis without a space. For example, a TPU material containing 20 % glass fibres resulting from an overall minimum 70 % of mass recyclate and 30% of virgin material would be indicated TPU-GF20 (R70).
