GB/T 47327.1-2026 Measurement and service of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP)—Part 1: Measurement English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 47327.1-2026
Measurement and service of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) - Part 1: Measurement
地球定向参数（EOP）测量与服务 第1部分：测量
Issue date: 2026-03-31 Implementation date: 2026-10-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Basic Requirements
5.1 Measurement Techniques
5.2 Spatial and Temporal Reference Frames
6 Station/Site Requirements
6.1 VLBI Stations
6.2 BDS/GNSS Tracking Stations
6.3 SLR Stations
6.4 DZT Sites
7 Measurement Procedures and Requirements
7.1 VLBI Measurement
7.2 BDS/GNSS Measurement
7.3 SLR Measurement
7.4 DZT Measurement
8 Observation Data Format and Quality Requirements
8.1 Observation Data Format Requirements
8.2 Observation Data Quality Requirements
9 Local Tie Measurement Requirements
10 Basic Requirements for Data Processing
10.1 Basic Requirements
10.2 Product Requirements
Annex A (Normative) CRD File Format
Annex B (Normative) SINEX File Format
B.1 Description of SINEX File Format
B.2 Basic Contents of SINEX Format File
B.3 Example of Module Contents in SINEX Format File
B.4 Differences and Similarities of SINEX Format Files for Different Techniques
B.5 Data Acquisition Length Requirements for SINEX Format Files for Different Techniques
Bibliography
Earth orientation parameters (EOP) measurement and service — Part 1: Measurement
1 Scope
This document specifies the station/site requirements, measurement procedures and requirements, observation data format and quality requirements, local tie measurement requirements, and basic requirements for data processing for the measurement of Earth orientation parameters.
This document applies to the design, construction, data acquisition, operation, maintenance and data processing of stations/sites that provide observation data for the determination of Earth orientation parameters.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 15314 Specifications for precise engineering surveying
GB/T 17159-2009 Geodesy terms
GB/T 28588-2012 Technical specifications for continuously operating reference stations of global navigation satellite system
GB/T 39267-2020 Beidou navigation satellite system terms
GB/T 39396.1-2020 Global continuous monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) — Quality requirements — Part 1: Observation data
GB/T 39397.1 Global continuous monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) — File format — Part 1: Observation data
CH/T 2016-2018 Specifications for satellite laser ranging data acquisition
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 17159-2009, GB/T 39267-2020 and the following apply.
3.1 Earth orientation parameters; EOP
Parameters describing the orientation of the Earth in space used for coordinate transformation between the International Terrestrial Reference System and the Geocentric Celestial Reference System.
NOTE: Includes universal time, polar motion, precession and nutation.
[Source: GB/T 39267-2020, 2.2.3, modified]
3.2 universal time; UT
A time scale based on the rotation of the Earth.
NOTE 1: Universal time directly obtained by observing the diurnal apparent motion of stars/radio sources is denoted UT0; universal time after polar motion correction is denoted UT1, usually expressed as UT1 UTC.
NOTE 2: UT1 is linearly related to the Earth’s rotation angle, see IAU2000 resolutions.
[Source: GB/T 39267-2020, 2.2.11, modified]
3.3 coordinated universal time; UTC
A time system generated by coordinating International Atomic Time with UT1.
NOTE: The second length is that of International Atomic Time, and the time is kept close to UT1 through leap seconds, keeping the difference between them within ±0.9 s.
3.4 celestial intermediate pole; CIP
The intermediate pole for the transformation from the Geocentric Celestial Reference System to the International Terrestrial Reference System.
3.5 polar motion; PM
The motion of the CIP in the International Terrestrial Reference System.
NOTE: Usually expressed as PMₓ and PMᵧ for the components in the X and Y directions, respectively, under the International Terrestrial Reference Frame.
[Source: GB/T 17159-2009, 3.21, modified]
3.6 precession
The long term component of the motion of the CIP in the Geocentric Celestial Reference System (period of approximately 25 800 years).
[Source: GB/T 17159-2009, 3.22, modified]
3.7 nutation
The periodic component of the motion of the CIP in the Geocentric Celestial Reference System (dominant period of 18.6 years).
NOTE: Usually expressed as dX and dY for the corrections to the observed nutation model, respectively.
[Source: GB/T 17159-2009, 3.23, modified]
3.8 length of day; LOD
The difference between 1 day as described by UT1 and 86 400 s (SI).
3.9 digital zenith telescope; DZT
A CCD astronomical optical measuring instrument with the telescope pointing at the zenith.
NOTE: Mainly used for universal time and latitude measurements.
3.10 co location sites
Sites equipped with at least two types of space geodetic instruments.
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
BDS: Beidou Navigation Satellite System
CCD: Charge Coupled Device
CIP: Celestial Intermediate Pole
CRD: Consolidated Laser Ranging Data Format
DZT: Digital Zenith Telescope
EOP: Earth Orientation Parameters
FITS: Flexible Image Transport System
GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System
IERS: International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
IGS: International GNSS Service
ILRS: International Laser Ranging Service
IVS: International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry
Standard
GB/T 47327.1-2026 Measurement and service of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP)—Part 1: Measurement (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 47327.1-2026
Status
to be valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
21500 words
Price(USD)
645.0
Implemented on
2026-7-1
Delivery
via email in 1~8 business day
Detail of GB/T 47327.1-2026
Standard No.
GB/T 47327.1-2026
English Name
Measurement and service of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP)—Part 1: Measurement
GB/T 47327.1-2026 Measurement and service of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP)—Part 1: Measurement English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 47327.1-2026
Measurement and service of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) - Part 1: Measurement
地球定向参数（EOP）测量与服务 第1部分：测量
Issue date: 2026-03-31 Implementation date: 2026-10-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Basic Requirements
5.1 Measurement Techniques
5.2 Spatial and Temporal Reference Frames
6 Station/Site Requirements
6.1 VLBI Stations
6.2 BDS/GNSS Tracking Stations
6.3 SLR Stations
6.4 DZT Sites
7 Measurement Procedures and Requirements
7.1 VLBI Measurement
7.2 BDS/GNSS Measurement
7.3 SLR Measurement
7.4 DZT Measurement
8 Observation Data Format and Quality Requirements
8.1 Observation Data Format Requirements
8.2 Observation Data Quality Requirements
9 Local Tie Measurement Requirements
10 Basic Requirements for Data Processing
10.1 Basic Requirements
10.2 Product Requirements
Annex A (Normative) CRD File Format
Annex B (Normative) SINEX File Format
B.1 Description of SINEX File Format
B.2 Basic Contents of SINEX Format File
B.3 Example of Module Contents in SINEX Format File
B.4 Differences and Similarities of SINEX Format Files for Different Techniques
B.5 Data Acquisition Length Requirements for SINEX Format Files for Different Techniques
Bibliography
Earth orientation parameters (EOP) measurement and service — Part 1: Measurement
1 Scope
This document specifies the station/site requirements, measurement procedures and requirements, observation data format and quality requirements, local tie measurement requirements, and basic requirements for data processing for the measurement of Earth orientation parameters.
This document applies to the design, construction, data acquisition, operation, maintenance and data processing of stations/sites that provide observation data for the determination of Earth orientation parameters.
2 Normative References
The following documents are essential for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 15314 Specifications for precise engineering surveying
GB/T 17159-2009 Geodesy terms
GB/T 28588-2012 Technical specifications for continuously operating reference stations of global navigation satellite system
GB/T 39267-2020 Beidou navigation satellite system terms
GB/T 39396.1-2020 Global continuous monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) — Quality requirements — Part 1: Observation data
GB/T 39397.1 Global continuous monitoring and assessment system (iGMAS) — File format — Part 1: Observation data
CH/T 2016-2018 Specifications for satellite laser ranging data acquisition
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 17159-2009, GB/T 39267-2020 and the following apply.
3.1 Earth orientation parameters; EOP
Parameters describing the orientation of the Earth in space used for coordinate transformation between the International Terrestrial Reference System and the Geocentric Celestial Reference System.
NOTE: Includes universal time, polar motion, precession and nutation.
[Source: GB/T 39267-2020, 2.2.3, modified]
3.2 universal time; UT
A time scale based on the rotation of the Earth.
NOTE 1: Universal time directly obtained by observing the diurnal apparent motion of stars/radio sources is denoted UT0; universal time after polar motion correction is denoted UT1, usually expressed as UT1 UTC.
NOTE 2: UT1 is linearly related to the Earth’s rotation angle, see IAU2000 resolutions.
[Source: GB/T 39267-2020, 2.2.11, modified]
3.3 coordinated universal time; UTC
A time system generated by coordinating International Atomic Time with UT1.
NOTE: The second length is that of International Atomic Time, and the time is kept close to UT1 through leap seconds, keeping the difference between them within ±0.9 s.
3.4 celestial intermediate pole; CIP
The intermediate pole for the transformation from the Geocentric Celestial Reference System to the International Terrestrial Reference System.
3.5 polar motion; PM
The motion of the CIP in the International Terrestrial Reference System.
NOTE: Usually expressed as PMₓ and PMᵧ for the components in the X and Y directions, respectively, under the International Terrestrial Reference Frame.
[Source: GB/T 17159-2009, 3.21, modified]
3.6 precession
The long term component of the motion of the CIP in the Geocentric Celestial Reference System (period of approximately 25 800 years).
[Source: GB/T 17159-2009, 3.22, modified]
3.7 nutation
The periodic component of the motion of the CIP in the Geocentric Celestial Reference System (dominant period of 18.6 years).
NOTE: Usually expressed as dX and dY for the corrections to the observed nutation model, respectively.
[Source: GB/T 17159-2009, 3.23, modified]
3.8 length of day; LOD
The difference between 1 day as described by UT1 and 86 400 s (SI).
3.9 digital zenith telescope; DZT
A CCD astronomical optical measuring instrument with the telescope pointing at the zenith.
NOTE: Mainly used for universal time and latitude measurements.
3.10 co location sites
Sites equipped with at least two types of space geodetic instruments.
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
BDS: Beidou Navigation Satellite System
CCD: Charge Coupled Device
CIP: Celestial Intermediate Pole
CRD: Consolidated Laser Ranging Data Format
DZT: Digital Zenith Telescope
EOP: Earth Orientation Parameters
FITS: Flexible Image Transport System
GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System
IERS: International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
IGS: International GNSS Service
ILRS: International Laser Ranging Service
IVS: International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry
