This part of GB 17378 specifies the analysis methods of seawater monitoring items, and puts forward technical specification and requirements for sample collection, storage, transportation and calculation of determination results for seawater analysis.
This part is applicable to oceans, offshore waters, estuaries and saline-fresh-mixed waters. It may be used for marine environmental monitoring, routine water quality monitoring, survey and monitoring of environmental pollution in offshore shallow waters, special emergency survey and monitoring of marine dumping, dredged materials, red tide and marine pollution accidents, and survey and monitoring of marine environment.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference of GB 17378, constitute provisions of this part. For dated references, subsequent amendments to (excluding corrections to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
GB/T 12763.2 Specifications for oceanographic survey — Part 2: Marine hydrographic observation
GB/T 12763.4 Specifications for oceanographic survey — Part 4: Survey of chemical parameters in sea water
GB 17378.2 The specification for marine monitoring — Part 2: Data processing and quality control of analysis
GB 17378.3 The specification for marine monitoring — Part 3: Sample collection, storage and transportation
HY/T 07-1992 Deep sea reversing thermometer
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of GB 17378, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
filtered water sample
water filtered with 0.45m fiber filter membrane
3.2
standard line
scale mark for measuring the volume of container
4 General requirements
4.1 Purification and treatment of reagents, solvents and filter membranes
4.1.1 Ammonia monohydrate purification by isothermal diffusion method: use containers for holding ammonia monohydrate and the other for high purity water respectively, and place them on or under the partition of glass dryer hermetically. The diffusion time depends on the air temperature, about 1 week to 2 weeks.
4.1.2 Purification of trichloromethane and titanium tetrachloride: newly opened solvents may be treated simply, i.e., add 200mL of hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution (volume fraction: 0.5%) into each liter solvent, oscillate and wash off in the separating funnel, discarding aqueous phase, wash again with pure water, and then filter through the dried filter paper The waste solvent, which is recovered or is still nonconforming after treatment by the above methods, shall be treated as follows: first, pour the solvent into the distillation flask until it is half full, add an appropriate amount of sodium sulfite solution (volume fraction: 10%) on the upper layer for the first distillation; then transfer it into another clean distillation flask and add solid calcium oxide for the second distillation; and discard a little of the primary distillate and store the distillate in a brown bottle. If the solvent is chloroform, 1% (volume fraction) anhydrous ethanol may be added to improve its stability.
4.1.3 Treatment of 0.45m fiber filter membrane: Hold the edge of the filter membrane with stainless steel tweezers coated with polyethylene membrane, and soak it in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution vertically one by one for at least 12h. Rinse with pure water until it becomes neutral, and seal for later use.
4.2 Description
4.2.1 Deduction of standard blank (A0) and analytical blank (Ab)
4.2.1.1 When A0＝Ab (i.e., the standard series are determined in the exactly same procedure as water sample), both may not be deducted, i.e., Ai does not reduce A0 and Aw does not reduce Ab, to plot calibration curve or check the curve, but it is only feasible in the same batch; if the blank values (A0 and Ab) are very stable, they may be used for another week.
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 General requirements 5 Mercury 5.1 Atomic fluorescence spectrometry 5.2 Cold atomic absorption spectrometry 5.3 Cold atomic absorption spectrometry for metal collector 6 Copper 6.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry (continuous determination of copper, lead and cadmium) 6.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry (continuous determination of copper, lead and cadmium) 6.3 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry 7 Lead 7.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry 7.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry 7.3 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry 8 Cadmium 8.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry 8.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry 8.3 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry 9 Zinc 9.1 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry 9.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry 10 Total chromium 10.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry 10.2 1,5-Diphenylcarbohydrazide spectrometry 11 Arsenic 11.1 Atomic fluorescence spectrometry 11.2 Arsenic hydride-silver nitrate spectrometry Figure 3 Arsenic hydride generation-absorption device 11.3 Hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrophotometry 11.4 Catalytic polarography 12 Selenium 12.1 Fluorescence spectrophotometry 12.2 Diaminobenzidine spectrophotometry 12.3 Catalytic polarography 13 Oil 13.1 Fluorescence spectrophotometry 13.2 Ultraviolet spectrophotometry 13.3 Gravimetric method 14 666 and DDT——Gas chromatograph 15 Polychlorobiphenyl——Gas chromatography 16 Dieldrin——Gas chromatography 17 Active silicate 17.1 Silicon molybdenum yellow method 17.2 Silicomolybdenum blue method 18 Sulfide 18.1 Methylene blue spectrophotometric method 18.2 Ion selective electrode method 19 Volatile phenol——4-aminoantipyrine spectrophotometry method 20 Cyanide 20.1 Isonicotinic acid-pyrazolone spectrophotometric method 20.2 Pyridine-barbituric acid spectrophotometry 21 Water color——colorimetric method 22 Transparency-transparent disk method 23 Anionic detergent——methylene blue spectrophotometry 24 Smell and taste-sensory method 25 Water temperature 25.1 Surface water thermometer method 25.2 Reversing thermometer method 26 pH——pH meter method 27 Suspended substance——gravimetric method 28 Chloride——silver titration 29 Salinity 29.1 Salimeter method 29.2 Conductivity-temperature-depth method (CTD) 30 Turbidity 30.1 Turbidimeter method 30.2 Visual turbidimetry 30.3 Spectrophotometry method 31 Dissolved oxygen——iodometric method 32 Chemical oxygen demand——alkaline potassium permanganate method 33 Biochemical oxygen demand 33.1 5-day culture method (BOD5) 33.2 2-day culture method (BOD2) 34 Total organic carbon 34.1 Total organic instrumental carbon method 34.2 Potassium persulfate oxidation method 35 Inorganic nitrogen 36 Ammonia 36.1 Indophenol blue spectrometry 36.2 Hypobromite oxidizing 37 Nitrite — Naphthalene ethylenediamine spectrometry 38 Nitrate 38.1 Cadmium column reduction method 38.2 Zinc-cadmium reduction 39 Inorganic phosphorus 39.1 Phosphomolybdenum blue spectrometry 39.2 Spectrophotometric method for phosphomolybdic blue 40 Total phosphorus — potassium persulfate oxidation method 41 Total nitrogen — potassium persulfate oxidation method 42 Nickel — flameless atomic absorption spectrometry Annex A (Normative) Record tables Annex B (Normative) Water sample collection and storage methods Annex C (Informative) Detection limit of methods Annex D (Informative) Preparation of auxiliary working standard seawater Figure 1 Cold atomic absorption mercury measurement device Figure 2 Cold atomic absorption mercury measurement device for metal collector Figure 3 Arsenic hydride generation-absorption device Figure 4 Alkaline hydrolysis reflux device Figure 5 Hydrogen sulfide aeration apparatus Figure 6 Surface water thermometer Figure 7 Operation flow of suspended solids determination Figure 8 Suction system Figure 9 Carbon dioxide determining device Table A.1 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Atomic fluorescence spectrometry) Table A.2 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Atomic fluorescence spectrometry) Table A.3 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Spectrophotometry) Table A.4 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Spectrophotometry) Table A.5 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry) Table A.6 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry) Table A.7 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Anodic stripping voltammetry) Table A.8 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Flame atomic absorption spectrometry) Table A.9 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Catalytic Polarography) Table A.10 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Catalytic Polarography) Table A.11 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Fluorescence spectrometry) Table A.12 ____ analysis records for sample water quality (Fluorescence spectrometry) Table A.13 Oil analysis records for sample water quality (Gravimetric method) Table A.14 Analysis records of 666, DDT and dieldrin in water samples (Gas chromatography) Table A.15 PCB analysis records of sample water quality (Gas chromatography) Table A.16 ____ analysis records for nutrients of sample water quality (Spectrophotometry) Table A.17 Data record for sulfide analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Sulfide ions selective electrode method) Table A.18 Sulfide analysis records of sample water quality (Sulfide ions selective electrode method) Table A.19 Observation record of surface thermometer Table A.20 Records of water temperature observation Table A.21 Records of water temperature observation Table A.22 Determination records of pH ( Method) Table A.23 Analysis record of suspended substance in seawater (Gravimetric method) Table A.24 Chloride analysis records of sample water quality (Silver titration) Table A.25 Salinity determination records of sample water quality (Salimeter method) Table A.26 Data record for turbidity analysis of sample water quality standard curve ( Method) Table A.27 Turbidity determination records of sample water quality ( Method) Table A.28 Dissolved oxygen analysis records of sample water quality (Iodometric method) Table A.29 Analysis records on chemical oxygen demand of water samples (Alkalinity potassium permanganate method) Table A.30 Analysis records on 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (Culture at 20°C for 5 days) Table A.31 Analysis records of total organic carbon in seawater (Instrument method) Table A.32 Water quality report of marine environmental monitoring Table A.33 Water sampling records Table B.1 Sampling volume and preservation of water samples Table C.1 Detection limits of test methods
1 Scope
This part of GB 17378 specifies the analysis methods of seawater monitoring items, and puts forward technical specification and requirements for sample collection, storage, transportation and calculation of determination results for seawater analysis.
This part is applicable to oceans, offshore waters, estuaries and saline-fresh-mixed waters. It may be used for marine environmental monitoring, routine water quality monitoring, survey and monitoring of environmental pollution in offshore shallow waters, special emergency survey and monitoring of marine dumping, dredged materials, red tide and marine pollution accidents, and survey and monitoring of marine environment.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference of GB 17378, constitute provisions of this part. For dated references, subsequent amendments to (excluding corrections to), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
GB/T 12763.2 Specifications for oceanographic survey — Part 2: Marine hydrographic observation
GB/T 12763.4 Specifications for oceanographic survey — Part 4: Survey of chemical parameters in sea water
GB 17378.2 The specification for marine monitoring — Part 2: Data processing and quality control of analysis
GB 17378.3 The specification for marine monitoring — Part 3: Sample collection, storage and transportation
HY/T 07-1992 Deep sea reversing thermometer
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this part of GB 17378, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
filtered water sample
water filtered with 0.45m fiber filter membrane
3.2
standard line
scale mark for measuring the volume of container
4 General requirements
4.1 Purification and treatment of reagents, solvents and filter membranes
4.1.1 Ammonia monohydrate purification by isothermal diffusion method: use containers for holding ammonia monohydrate and the other for high purity water respectively, and place them on or under the partition of glass dryer hermetically. The diffusion time depends on the air temperature, about 1 week to 2 weeks.
4.1.2 Purification of trichloromethane and titanium tetrachloride: newly opened solvents may be treated simply, i.e., add 200mL of hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution (volume fraction: 0.5%) into each liter solvent, oscillate and wash off in the separating funnel, discarding aqueous phase, wash again with pure water, and then filter through the dried filter paper The waste solvent, which is recovered or is still nonconforming after treatment by the above methods, shall be treated as follows: first, pour the solvent into the distillation flask until it is half full, add an appropriate amount of sodium sulfite solution (volume fraction: 10%) on the upper layer for the first distillation; then transfer it into another clean distillation flask and add solid calcium oxide for the second distillation; and discard a little of the primary distillate and store the distillate in a brown bottle. If the solvent is chloroform, 1% (volume fraction) anhydrous ethanol may be added to improve its stability.
4.1.3 Treatment of 0.45m fiber filter membrane: Hold the edge of the filter membrane with stainless steel tweezers coated with polyethylene membrane, and soak it in 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution vertically one by one for at least 12h. Rinse with pure water until it becomes neutral, and seal for later use.
4.2 Description
4.2.1 Deduction of standard blank (A0) and analytical blank (Ab)
4.2.1.1 When A0＝Ab (i.e., the standard series are determined in the exactly same procedure as water sample), both may not be deducted, i.e., Ai does not reduce A0 and Aw does not reduce Ab, to plot calibration curve or check the curve, but it is only feasible in the same batch; if the blank values (A0 and Ab) are very stable, they may be used for another week.
Contents of GB 17378.4-2007
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General requirements
5 Mercury
5.1 Atomic fluorescence spectrometry
5.2 Cold atomic absorption spectrometry
5.3 Cold atomic absorption spectrometry for metal collector
6 Copper
6.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry (continuous determination of copper, lead and cadmium)
6.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry (continuous determination of copper, lead and cadmium)
6.3 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
7 Lead
7.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry
7.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry
7.3 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
8 Cadmium
8.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry
8.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry
8.3 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
9 Zinc
9.1 Flame atomic absorption spectrometry
9.2 Anodic stripping voltammetry
10 Total chromium
10.1 Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry
10.2 1,5-Diphenylcarbohydrazide spectrometry
11 Arsenic
11.1 Atomic fluorescence spectrometry
11.2 Arsenic hydride-silver nitrate spectrometry
Figure 3 Arsenic hydride generation-absorption device
11.3 Hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrophotometry
11.4 Catalytic polarography
12 Selenium
12.1 Fluorescence spectrophotometry
12.2 Diaminobenzidine spectrophotometry
12.3 Catalytic polarography
13 Oil
13.1 Fluorescence spectrophotometry
13.2 Ultraviolet spectrophotometry
13.3 Gravimetric method
14 666 and DDT——Gas chromatograph
15 Polychlorobiphenyl——Gas chromatography
16 Dieldrin——Gas chromatography
17 Active silicate
17.1 Silicon molybdenum yellow method
17.2 Silicomolybdenum blue method
18 Sulfide
18.1 Methylene blue spectrophotometric method
18.2 Ion selective electrode method
19 Volatile phenol——4-aminoantipyrine spectrophotometry method
20 Cyanide
20.1 Isonicotinic acid-pyrazolone spectrophotometric method
20.2 Pyridine-barbituric acid spectrophotometry
21 Water color——colorimetric method
22 Transparency-transparent disk method
23 Anionic detergent——methylene blue spectrophotometry
24 Smell and taste-sensory method
25 Water temperature
25.1 Surface water thermometer method
25.2 Reversing thermometer method
26 pH——pH meter method
27 Suspended substance——gravimetric method
28 Chloride——silver titration
29 Salinity
29.1 Salimeter method
29.2 Conductivity-temperature-depth method (CTD)
30 Turbidity
30.1 Turbidimeter method
30.2 Visual turbidimetry
30.3 Spectrophotometry method
31 Dissolved oxygen——iodometric method
32 Chemical oxygen demand——alkaline potassium permanganate method
33 Biochemical oxygen demand
33.1 5-day culture method (BOD5)
33.2 2-day culture method (BOD2)
34 Total organic carbon
34.1 Total organic instrumental carbon method
34.2 Potassium persulfate oxidation method
35 Inorganic nitrogen
36 Ammonia
36.1 Indophenol blue spectrometry
36.2 Hypobromite oxidizing
37 Nitrite — Naphthalene ethylenediamine spectrometry
38 Nitrate
38.1 Cadmium column reduction method
38.2 Zinc-cadmium reduction
39 Inorganic phosphorus
39.1 Phosphomolybdenum blue spectrometry
39.2 Spectrophotometric method for phosphomolybdic blue
40 Total phosphorus — potassium persulfate oxidation method
41 Total nitrogen — potassium persulfate oxidation method
42 Nickel — flameless atomic absorption spectrometry
Annex A (Normative) Record tables
Annex B (Normative) Water sample collection and storage methods
Annex C (Informative) Detection limit of methods
Annex D (Informative) Preparation of auxiliary working standard seawater
Figure 1 Cold atomic absorption mercury measurement device
Figure 2 Cold atomic absorption mercury measurement device for metal collector
Figure 3 Arsenic hydride generation-absorption device
Figure 4 Alkaline hydrolysis reflux device
Figure 5 Hydrogen sulfide aeration apparatus
Figure 6 Surface water thermometer
Figure 7 Operation flow of suspended solids determination
Figure 8 Suction system
Figure 9 Carbon dioxide determining device
Table A.1 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Atomic fluorescence spectrometry)
Table A.2 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Atomic fluorescence spectrometry)
Table A.3 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Spectrophotometry)
Table A.4 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Spectrophotometry)
Table A.5 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry)
Table A.6 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Flameless atomic absorption spectrometry)
Table A.7 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Anodic stripping voltammetry)
Table A.8 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Flame atomic absorption spectrometry)
Table A.9 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Catalytic Polarography)
Table A.10 ______ analysis records for sample water quality (Catalytic Polarography)
Table A.11 Data record for _______ analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Fluorescence spectrometry)
Table A.12 ____ analysis records for sample water quality (Fluorescence spectrometry)
Table A.13 Oil analysis records for sample water quality (Gravimetric method)
Table A.14 Analysis records of 666, DDT and dieldrin in water samples (Gas chromatography)
Table A.15 PCB analysis records of sample water quality (Gas chromatography)
Table A.16 ____ analysis records for nutrients of sample water quality (Spectrophotometry)
Table A.17 Data record for sulfide analysis of sample water quality standard (working) curve (Sulfide ions selective electrode method)
Table A.18 Sulfide analysis records of sample water quality (Sulfide ions selective electrode method)
Table A.19 Observation record of surface thermometer
Table A.20 Records of water temperature observation
Table A.21 Records of water temperature observation
Table A.22 Determination records of pH ( Method)
Table A.23 Analysis record of suspended substance in seawater (Gravimetric method)
Table A.24 Chloride analysis records of sample water quality (Silver titration)
Table A.25 Salinity determination records of sample water quality (Salimeter method)
Table A.26 Data record for turbidity analysis of sample water quality standard curve ( Method)
Table A.27 Turbidity determination records of sample water quality ( Method)
Table A.28 Dissolved oxygen analysis records of sample water quality (Iodometric method)
Table A.29 Analysis records on chemical oxygen demand of water samples (Alkalinity potassium permanganate method)
Table A.30 Analysis records on 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (Culture at 20°C for 5 days)
Table A.31 Analysis records of total organic carbon in seawater (Instrument method)
Table A.32 Water quality report of marine environmental monitoring
Table A.33 Water sampling records
Table B.1 Sampling volume and preservation of water samples
Table C.1 Detection limits of test methods
