GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025 Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles|| includes Amendment 1 (English)
GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025 Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles, includes Amendment 1
1 Scope
This document specifies the test methods for energy consumption and range of battery electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to vehicles of category N1 as well as vehicles of category M1 or M2 with the maximum mass not exceeding 3,500kg. Reference may be made to this document for vehicles of category M1 with the maximum mass exceeding 3,500kg and vehicles of category L5.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 19233-2020 Measurement methods of fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 38146.1-2019 China automotive test cycle - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15089, GB/T 19596, GB 18352.6-2016 and GB/T 38146.1-2019 apply.
4 Test conditions
4.1 Environmental requirements
4.1.1 The test room temperature shall be set to 23℃, with the permissible deviation of ±5℃.
4.1.2 The temperature in the vehicle soak area shall be set to 23℃, with the permissible deviation of ±3℃.
4.1.3 The arithmetical mean shall be moved per 5min and there shall be no systematic deviation from the set temperature. The temperature shall be measured continuously, and the sampling interval shall not be greater than 1 min.
4.2 Test equipment
4.2.1 The test equipment for test shall meet the relevant requirements of CD.1, CD.2 and CD.5 in GB 18352.6-2016.
4.2.2 See Table 1 for requirements of other relevant parameters.
Table 1 Requirements of parameters to be measured, unit and accuracy
Parameters to be measured Unit Accuracy Resolution
Time s ±0.1 0.1
Distance m ±0.1% 1
Temperature ℃ ±1 1
Speed km/h ±1% 0.2
Mass kg ±0.5% 1
Electric energy Wh ±1% 1
Voltage V ±0.3％FSD a or ±1%b of reading 0.1
Current A ±0.3％FSD a or ±1%b, c of reading 0.1
a FSD: The maximum display length or scale length.
b Whichever is greater.
c Current integration frequency is 20Hz or higher.
4.3 Test vehicle
4.3.1 All parts and components of the test vehicle shall meet the requirements of mass production. If the test vehicle is different from that of mass production, a detailed description is required.
4.3.2 The vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent shall submit a vehicle representing the tested vehicle type to the inspection body responsible for the type test. If the vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent chooses to adopt interpolation family, the vehicles representative in interpolation family shall be selected and the same test vehicle should be selected to set the representative Vehicle H and Vehicle L through different road load.
4.3.3 The test vehicle may be subjected to running-in according to the needs of the vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent, with good mechanical condition. The test vehicle shall be subjected to running-in for a fixed mileage, which shall be larger than 300km, under the conditions of the installation of REESS, which shall be made to experience at least once from a full charge to the lowest value of the state of charge (SOC).
4.3.4 The lubricants specified by the vehicle manufacturer shall be used and indicated in the test result report.
4.3.5 All energy storage systems available for other than driving purposes (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) shall be charged up to their maximum level specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.3.6 For others, the test vehicle settings shall be carried out according to those specified in C.1.2.4.2, C.1.2.4.4 and C.1.2.4.5 of GB 18352.6-2016.
4.4 Test cycle
The test cycle shall be carried out according to the China light-duty vehicle test cycle (CLTC, including CLTC-P and CLTC-C, in which CLTC-P is applicable to vehicles of category M1, and CLTC-C is applicable to vehicles of category N1 and those of category M2 with the maximum mass not exceeding 3,500 kg) described in GB/T 38146.1-2019, Annex A, including 3 speed ranges, i.e., low speed (part 1), medium speed (part 2) and high speed (part 3).
4.4.2 If the declared maximum speed of the vehicle is less than the maximum speed of the CLTC, the test cycle shall be corrected in accordance with the provisions of CA.5 in GB 18352.6-2016 when the target speed is greater than the declared maximum speed of the vehicle.
5 Test related parameters and precision
The parameters and precision related to test results shall meet the requirements of Table 2. Unless otherwise specified, the process data shall not be rounded off when calculated according to the requirements of Clause 7.
Table 2 Parameters and precision related to test results
Parameter Unit Precision of test result
Energy consumption determined according to 7.2, EC a Wh/km a Rounded off to an integer a
Charging capacity determined according to 6.3.4, EAC Wh Rounded off to an integer
Range determined according to 7.3, BER km Rounded off to an integer
a As needed, the unit may be converted to kWh/100 km, and the same valid numbers shall be retained after the conversion.
6 Test procedures
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Road load measurement and dynamometer setting are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB 18352.6-2016, Annex CC, with the maximum reference speed specified in CC.2.2 of GB 18352.6-2016 adjusted to 120km/h in this document. If the driving resistance curve is provided by the vehicle manufacturer, a test report, calculation report or other relevant information shall be provided at the same time, and be confirmed by the inspection agency. The test cycle and related data in relevant clauses of GB 18352.6-2016 cited in this document is adjusted accordingly to CLTC.
6.1.2 Before the test, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide the BER information of the test vehicle to the inspection agency according to the requirements of 7.3. If interpolation method is used, the BER of the vehicle H in the interpolation family shall be provided.
6.1.3 The start of the power system shall be carried out according to the requirements of vehicle manufacturers.
6.1.4 The vehicle shall be tested in accordance with the test cycle specified in 4.4. The vehicle shall be properly controlled, and the test cycle curve accurately tracked. The speed tolerance of each test cycle shall meet the requirements of GB 18352.6-2016, C.1.2.6.6. For the situation in 6.2.1b) where the speed exceeds the upper limit of the tolerance when the accelerator pedal is fully depressed, it will not be regarded as out-of-tolerance.
6.1.5 The energy consumption test shall be carried out before or at the beginning of the test. It shall be recorded separately for each speed interval.
6.1.6 The vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent may measure the energy consumption and range of vehicles in low and high temperature environments respectively by reference to Annexes A and B as required.
6.2 Conditions for termination of the test
6.2.1 When conducting the test specified in 6.3.3, the test shall be stopped when the following conditions occur.
a) When the test is carried out in accordance with the conventional working condition method specified in 6.3.3.3, if the declared maximum speed of the vehicle is not less than the maximum speed of the CLTC and cannot meet the tolerance requirements specified in 6.1.4, the test shall be stopped.
Foreword i
Introduction iii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
4.1 Environmental requirements
4.2 Test equipment
4.3 Test vehicle
4.4 Test cycle
5 Test related parameters and precision
6 Test procedures
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Conditions for termination of the test
6.3 Test procedure
7 Calculation of energy consumption and range
7.1 General provisions
7.2 Energy consumption
7.3 Range
7.4 Determination of type approval value
8 Interpolation method of a certain vehicle
8.1 Interpolation family
8.2 Cyclic energy demand of vehicles
8.3 Interpolation coefficient
8.4 Energy consumption of a certain vehicle
8.5 Driving range of a certain vehicle
8.6 Road load family and road load matrix family
9 Production conformity
9.1 General
9.2 Production conformity assurance plan
9.3 Production conformity requirements
Annex A (Informative) Methods for testing energy consumption and driving range under the heating state where the heater is turned on in low temperature environment
Annex B (Informative) Methods for testing energy consumption and driving range under the cooling state where the air conditioner is turned on in high temperature environment
Annex C (Normative) Selection of driving mode
Annex D (Informative) Curve for REESS state of charge
Annex E (Normative) Determination of REESS current and voltage
Annex F (Informative) Position of temperature measuring point
GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025 Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles|| includes Amendment 1 (English)
Standard No.
GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
14500 words
Translation Price(USD)
435.0
Implemented on
2025-8-1
Delivery
via email in 1 business day
Detail of GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025
Standard No.
GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025
English Name
Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles|| includes Amendment 1
GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025 Test methods for energy consumption and range of electric vehicles - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles, includes Amendment 1
1 Scope
This document specifies the test methods for energy consumption and range of battery electric vehicles.
This document is applicable to vehicles of category N1 as well as vehicles of category M1 or M2 with the maximum mass not exceeding 3,500kg. Reference may be made to this document for vehicles of category M1 with the maximum mass exceeding 3,500kg and vehicles of category L5.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 15089 Classification of power-driven vehicles and trailers
GB 18352.6-2016 Limits and measurement methods for emissions from light-duty vehicles (CHINA 6)
GB/T 19233-2020 Measurement methods of fuel consumption for light-duty vehicles
GB/T 19596 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 38146.1-2019 China automotive test cycle - Part 1: Light-duty vehicles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15089, GB/T 19596, GB 18352.6-2016 and GB/T 38146.1-2019 apply.
4 Test conditions
4.1 Environmental requirements
4.1.1 The test room temperature shall be set to 23℃, with the permissible deviation of ±5℃.
4.1.2 The temperature in the vehicle soak area shall be set to 23℃, with the permissible deviation of ±3℃.
4.1.3 The arithmetical mean shall be moved per 5min and there shall be no systematic deviation from the set temperature. The temperature shall be measured continuously, and the sampling interval shall not be greater than 1 min.
4.2 Test equipment
4.2.1 The test equipment for test shall meet the relevant requirements of CD.1, CD.2 and CD.5 in GB 18352.6-2016.
4.2.2 See Table 1 for requirements of other relevant parameters.
Table 1 Requirements of parameters to be measured, unit and accuracy
Parameters to be measured Unit Accuracy Resolution
Time s ±0.1 0.1
Distance m ±0.1% 1
Temperature ℃ ±1 1
Speed km/h ±1% 0.2
Mass kg ±0.5% 1
Electric energy Wh ±1% 1
Voltage V ±0.3％FSD a or ±1%b of reading 0.1
Current A ±0.3％FSD a or ±1%b, c of reading 0.1
a FSD: The maximum display length or scale length.
b Whichever is greater.
c Current integration frequency is 20Hz or higher.
4.3 Test vehicle
4.3.1 All parts and components of the test vehicle shall meet the requirements of mass production. If the test vehicle is different from that of mass production, a detailed description is required.
4.3.2 The vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent shall submit a vehicle representing the tested vehicle type to the inspection body responsible for the type test. If the vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent chooses to adopt interpolation family, the vehicles representative in interpolation family shall be selected and the same test vehicle should be selected to set the representative Vehicle H and Vehicle L through different road load.
4.3.3 The test vehicle may be subjected to running-in according to the needs of the vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent, with good mechanical condition. The test vehicle shall be subjected to running-in for a fixed mileage, which shall be larger than 300km, under the conditions of the installation of REESS, which shall be made to experience at least once from a full charge to the lowest value of the state of charge (SOC).
4.3.4 The lubricants specified by the vehicle manufacturer shall be used and indicated in the test result report.
4.3.5 All energy storage systems available for other than driving purposes (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) shall be charged up to their maximum level specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.3.6 For others, the test vehicle settings shall be carried out according to those specified in C.1.2.4.2, C.1.2.4.4 and C.1.2.4.5 of GB 18352.6-2016.
4.4 Test cycle
The test cycle shall be carried out according to the China light-duty vehicle test cycle (CLTC, including CLTC-P and CLTC-C, in which CLTC-P is applicable to vehicles of category M1, and CLTC-C is applicable to vehicles of category N1 and those of category M2 with the maximum mass not exceeding 3,500 kg) described in GB/T 38146.1-2019, Annex A, including 3 speed ranges, i.e., low speed (part 1), medium speed (part 2) and high speed (part 3).
4.4.2 If the declared maximum speed of the vehicle is less than the maximum speed of the CLTC, the test cycle shall be corrected in accordance with the provisions of CA.5 in GB 18352.6-2016 when the target speed is greater than the declared maximum speed of the vehicle.
5 Test related parameters and precision
The parameters and precision related to test results shall meet the requirements of Table 2. Unless otherwise specified, the process data shall not be rounded off when calculated according to the requirements of Clause 7.
Table 2 Parameters and precision related to test results
Parameter Unit Precision of test result
Energy consumption determined according to 7.2, EC a Wh/km a Rounded off to an integer a
Charging capacity determined according to 6.3.4, EAC Wh Rounded off to an integer
Range determined according to 7.3, BER km Rounded off to an integer
a As needed, the unit may be converted to kWh/100 km, and the same valid numbers shall be retained after the conversion.
6 Test procedures
6.1 General requirements
6.1.1 Road load measurement and dynamometer setting are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GB 18352.6-2016, Annex CC, with the maximum reference speed specified in CC.2.2 of GB 18352.6-2016 adjusted to 120km/h in this document. If the driving resistance curve is provided by the vehicle manufacturer, a test report, calculation report or other relevant information shall be provided at the same time, and be confirmed by the inspection agency. The test cycle and related data in relevant clauses of GB 18352.6-2016 cited in this document is adjusted accordingly to CLTC.
6.1.2 Before the test, the vehicle manufacturer shall provide the BER information of the test vehicle to the inspection agency according to the requirements of 7.3. If interpolation method is used, the BER of the vehicle H in the interpolation family shall be provided.
6.1.3 The start of the power system shall be carried out according to the requirements of vehicle manufacturers.
6.1.4 The vehicle shall be tested in accordance with the test cycle specified in 4.4. The vehicle shall be properly controlled, and the test cycle curve accurately tracked. The speed tolerance of each test cycle shall meet the requirements of GB 18352.6-2016, C.1.2.6.6. For the situation in 6.2.1b) where the speed exceeds the upper limit of the tolerance when the accelerator pedal is fully depressed, it will not be regarded as out-of-tolerance.
6.1.5 The energy consumption test shall be carried out before or at the beginning of the test. It shall be recorded separately for each speed interval.
6.1.6 The vehicle manufacturer or its authorized agent may measure the energy consumption and range of vehicles in low and high temperature environments respectively by reference to Annexes A and B as required.
6.2 Conditions for termination of the test
6.2.1 When conducting the test specified in 6.3.3, the test shall be stopped when the following conditions occur.
a) When the test is carried out in accordance with the conventional working condition method specified in 6.3.3.3, if the declared maximum speed of the vehicle is not less than the maximum speed of the CLTC and cannot meet the tolerance requirements specified in 6.1.4, the test shall be stopped.
Contents of GB/T 18386.1-2021/XG1-2025
Foreword i
Introduction iii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
4.1 Environmental requirements
4.2 Test equipment
4.3 Test vehicle
4.4 Test cycle
5 Test related parameters and precision
6 Test procedures
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Conditions for termination of the test
6.3 Test procedure
7 Calculation of energy consumption and range
7.1 General provisions
7.2 Energy consumption
7.3 Range
7.4 Determination of type approval value
8 Interpolation method of a certain vehicle
8.1 Interpolation family
8.2 Cyclic energy demand of vehicles
8.3 Interpolation coefficient
8.4 Energy consumption of a certain vehicle
8.5 Driving range of a certain vehicle
8.6 Road load family and road load matrix family
9 Production conformity
9.1 General
9.2 Production conformity assurance plan
9.3 Production conformity requirements
Annex A (Informative) Methods for testing energy consumption and driving range under the heating state where the heater is turned on in low temperature environment
Annex B (Informative) Methods for testing energy consumption and driving range under the cooling state where the air conditioner is turned on in high temperature environment
Annex C (Normative) Selection of driving mode
Annex D (Informative) Curve for REESS state of charge
Annex E (Normative) Determination of REESS current and voltage
Annex F (Informative) Position of temperature measuring point
