Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 14214-2003 Spectacle frames - General requirements and test methods. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 14214-2003:
——the tensile performance in mechanical stability is deleted (see 5.7.1 of Edition 2003);
——the "plating adhesion" is changed to "coating adhesion" (see 4.7.2; 5.8.1 of Edition 2003);
——the test method for materials other than metal materials is added (see 8.5);
——for the test condition for resistance to perspiration, the lowest part of the sample is changed from (15±3)mm above the solution to not less than 12mm above the solution (see 8.4.2.1; 9.7.2.1 of Edition 2003);
——the requirements and test method for nickel release are added (see 4.2.2 and 5.2);
——the requirements and test method for resistance to optical radiation are added (see 4.10 and 8.9).
This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 12870: 2016 Ophthalmic optics - Spectacle frames - Requirements and test methods.
This standard is changed largely from ISO 12870: 2016 in structure; the comparison between this standard and ISO 12870: 2016 in clause number is listed in Annex A.
The main technical differences with respect to ISO 12870: 2016 and their causes are as follows:
——the adjustments of technical difference are made for the normative references in this standard so as to adapt to the technical conditions in China. The adjustment is mainly reflected in Clause 2 "Normative references" with the specific adjustments as follows:
• GB/T 11533 is added (see 7.2.1);
• ISO 105-A02 is replaced by GB/T 250-2008, which is identical to the international standard (see 4.10);
• ISO 11381 is replaced by GB/T 197, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 4.5);
• ISO 3696 is replaced by GB/T 6682, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 8.4.1.4);
• ISO 105-B02 is replaced by GB/T 8427, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 8.9.1.2);
• ISO 7998 is replaced by GB/T 26397, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see Clause 3);
• ISO 8624: 2011 is replaced by GB/T 38004, which is identical to the international standard (see 4.4);
• ISO/TS 24348: 2014 is replaced by GB/T 38009, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 4.2.2);
• ISO 8596 and ISO 11380 are deleted;
——the terms and definitions such as "metal frame", "plastic frame", "boxed measurement system", "boxed center", "horizontal boxed lens size", "distance between lenses" and "overall length of side" are added (see 3.4~3.11);
——the requirements in "4.7.2 Coating adhesion" and the test method in "8.5 Coating adhesion” are added;
——the materials used for “test lenses” of the rimless and semi-rimless frame are unified and changed to “resin material” in 6.1.1;
——the requirement that the optional requirements for the dimensional tolerance (4.4) of rimless and semi-rimless is added in Table 1;
——the contents in “9.2 Labeling and marking” are added.
The following editorial changes have been made in this standard:
——the standard name is modified;
——Clause 11 “Reference to this International Standard”, Annex A (informative) “Recommendations for the design of spectacle frames” and Annex C (informative) “European requirements and legislation on nickel release” in ISO 12870: 2016 are deleted;
——Annex A (informative) “Comparison between this standard and ISO 12870: 2016 in clause number” is added;
——Annex C (informative) "Nominal material composition" is added.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China National Light Industry Council.
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB 14214-1993, GB/T 14214-2003.
Spectacle frames - General requirements and test methods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, selection of test samples, conditioning and requirements of test samples, test, inspection and judgment, test methods and marking of spectacle frames.
This standard is applicable to all spectacle frames made of metal, plastic and natural organic materials, including rimless mounts, semi-rimless mounts and folding spectacle frames.
This standard is not applicable to custom-made spectacle frames or those designed specifically to provide personal eye protection.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
GB/T 197 General purpose metric screw threads - Tolerances (GB/T 197-2018, ISO 965-1: 2013, MOD)
GB/T 250-2008 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Grey scale for assessing change in color (ISO 105-A02: 1993, IDT)
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696: 1987, MOD)
GB/T 8427 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc (GB/T 8427-2019, ISO 105-B02: 2014, MOD)
GB/T 11533 Standard for logarithmic visual acuity charts
GB/T 26397 Ophthalmic optics - Terminology (GB/T 26397-2011, ISO 13666: 1998, MOD)
GB/T 38004 Spectacle frames - Measuring system and terminology (GB/T 38004-2019, ISO 8624: 2011, IDT)
GB/T 38009 Spectacle frames - Requirement and method for the detection of nickel release (GB/T 38009-2019, ISO/TS 24348: 2014, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 26397 as well as the followings apply. For the convenience of application, some terms and definitions in GB/T 26397 are listed repeatedly as follows.
3.1
spectacle frames model
spectacle frame produced to a common design, using the same materials (but not necessarily the same pigmentation) and surface treatment
Note: For the purpose of this standard, if the design, material or surface treatment of the spectacle frame is changed, the spectacle frame model is considered to be changed.
3.2
natural organic material
material that has not been synthesized from other raw materials and, when processed, remains essentially in its original state
Examples: Natural horn, bamboo and wood.
Note: Processing in this case is defined as cutting, shaping, bending, polishing and heating.
3.3
custom-made spectacle frames
spectacle frames made to special need of a customer
Note: Spectacle frames specially manufactured for wearers with unusual facial characteristics are regarded as custom-made spectacle frames.
3.4
metal frame
spectacle frame with the front mainly made of metal material
[GB/T 26397-2011, Definition 3.15.1]
3.5
plastic frame
spectacle frame with the front mainly made of plastic material
[GB/T 26397-2011, Definition 3.15.2]
3.6
boxed measurement system
measurement system based on the rectangle based on horizontal and vertical lines tangent to the outer edge of lens
3.7
boxed center
intersection of horizontal centerline and vertical centerline in boxed measurement system
[GB/T 26397-2011, Definition 3.2.4]
3.8
distance between centre
distance between two centers in boxed measurement system
3.9
horizontal boxed lens size
distance between two vertical sides of externally tangent rectangular frame of a lens in boxed measurement system
3.10
distance between lenses
distance between the two vertical sides (close to the nose) of the externally tangent rectangular frames of two lenses in boxed measurement system
3.11
overall length of side
distance from the intersection of the dowel screw and the hinge mid-plane to the tip of the side parallel to the centerline
Note: For non-hinged sides, the overall length of side refers to the linear distance from the end of side to 10mm from the front when the side forms a 90 ° angle with the front.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Basic requirements
The performance of all types of spectacle frames shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Performance requirements for different types of spectacle frames
Frame type Item
4.2.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10
Nickel release Appearance quality Dimensional tolerance Dimensional stability at elevated temperature Cladding performance Mechanical stability Resistance to ignition Resistance to optical radiation
Rimless and semi-rimless types ○ g ○a g g g g ○
All other types ○ g g g g g g ○
g: frame type shall meet the requirements of this subclause; ○: compliance with this subclause is optional.
Note: "All other types" include plastics and metal spectacle frames, including folding spectacle frames, that have a rim that completely surrounds the lens periphery.
a Optional requirements for the dimensional tolerance (4.4) of rimless and semi-rimless frames does not include the overall length of side (that is, the overall length of side shall meet the standard requirements).
4.2 Physiological compatibility
4.2.1 General physiological compatibility
Spectacle frames shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that, when used normally, they will not compromise the health and safety of the wearer. The risks posed by substances releasing from the device that might come into prolonged contact with the skin shall be reduced by the manufacturer to a practicable minimum. Special attention shall be given to substances that are known to be allergenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction.
Note 1: The following list, which is given for information, provides examples of documents that can be examined when checking the innocuousness of materials:
——specification of the materials used;
——safety data sheets relating to the materials;
——information relating to the suitability of the materials for use with food, in medical devices, or other relevant applications;
——information relating to investigations into the allergenic, carcinogenic, toxicological or mutagenic properties of the materials, or their toxicity with regard to reproduction;
——information relating to ecotoxicological and other environmental investigations on the materials.
Note 2: Reactions can be generated by excessive pressure, for example, due to a poor fit on the face, chemical irritation or allergy. Rare or idiosyncratic reactions can occur to any material and indicate the need for the individual to select particular types of frames.
4.2.2 Nickel release
Those parts of metal spectacle frames and those metal parts of combination spectacle frames that come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin of the wearer shall not have a nickel release greater than 0.5μg/(cm2·week) when tested in accordance with GB/T 38009.
The parts to be tested shall include the following:
——the front (rims, bridge and, if applicable, brace bar and any nasal bearing surfaces including metal nose pads), excluding pad arms and lugs;
——the sides including metal collets, but excluding the hinges and surrounding areas intended to be protected by plastic end covers;
——metal decorative trims, if fitted on the inside of plastic sides and plastic end covers.
4.2.3 Clinical evaluation
If a spectacle frame is manufactured using materials (e.g. plastics, alloys, coatings or pigments) of unknown performance, the clinical evaluation shall be made according to the appropriate standard(s), either using the spectacle frame itself or using studies where the identical material is used in other medical devices.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Technical requirements
5 Selection of test samples
6 Conditioning and requirements of test samples
7 Test, inspection and judgment
8 Test methods
9 Marking
10 Additional information available
Annex A (Informative) Comparison between this standard and ISO 12870: 2016 in clause number
Annex B (Informative) Examples of layout of test apparatus
Annex C (Informative) Nominal material composition
Bibliography
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 14214-2003 Spectacle frames - General requirements and test methods. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 14214-2003:
——the tensile performance in mechanical stability is deleted (see 5.7.1 of Edition 2003);
——the "plating adhesion" is changed to "coating adhesion" (see 4.7.2; 5.8.1 of Edition 2003);
——the test method for materials other than metal materials is added (see 8.5);
——for the test condition for resistance to perspiration, the lowest part of the sample is changed from (15±3)mm above the solution to not less than 12mm above the solution (see 8.4.2.1; 9.7.2.1 of Edition 2003);
——the requirements and test method for nickel release are added (see 4.2.2 and 5.2);
——the requirements and test method for resistance to optical radiation are added (see 4.10 and 8.9).
This standard has been redrafted and modified in relation to ISO 12870: 2016 Ophthalmic optics - Spectacle frames - Requirements and test methods.
This standard is changed largely from ISO 12870: 2016 in structure; the comparison between this standard and ISO 12870: 2016 in clause number is listed in Annex A.
The main technical differences with respect to ISO 12870: 2016 and their causes are as follows:
——the adjustments of technical difference are made for the normative references in this standard so as to adapt to the technical conditions in China. The adjustment is mainly reflected in Clause 2 "Normative references" with the specific adjustments as follows:
• GB/T 11533 is added (see 7.2.1);
• ISO 105-A02 is replaced by GB/T 250-2008, which is identical to the international standard (see 4.10);
• ISO 11381 is replaced by GB/T 197, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 4.5);
• ISO 3696 is replaced by GB/T 6682, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 8.4.1.4);
• ISO 105-B02 is replaced by GB/T 8427, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 8.9.1.2);
• ISO 7998 is replaced by GB/T 26397, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see Clause 3);
• ISO 8624: 2011 is replaced by GB/T 38004, which is identical to the international standard (see 4.4);
• ISO/TS 24348: 2014 is replaced by GB/T 38009, which is modified in relation to the international standard (see 4.2.2);
• ISO 8596 and ISO 11380 are deleted;
——the terms and definitions such as "metal frame", "plastic frame", "boxed measurement system", "boxed center", "horizontal boxed lens size", "distance between lenses" and "overall length of side" are added (see 3.4~3.11);
——the requirements in "4.7.2 Coating adhesion" and the test method in "8.5 Coating adhesion” are added;
——the materials used for “test lenses” of the rimless and semi-rimless frame are unified and changed to “resin material” in 6.1.1;
——the requirement that the optional requirements for the dimensional tolerance (4.4) of rimless and semi-rimless is added in Table 1;
——the contents in “9.2 Labeling and marking” are added.
The following editorial changes have been made in this standard:
——the standard name is modified;
——Clause 11 “Reference to this International Standard”, Annex A (informative) “Recommendations for the design of spectacle frames” and Annex C (informative) “European requirements and legislation on nickel release” in ISO 12870: 2016 are deleted;
——Annex A (informative) “Comparison between this standard and ISO 12870: 2016 in clause number” is added;
——Annex C (informative) "Nominal material composition" is added.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of China National Light Industry Council.
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB 14214-1993, GB/T 14214-2003.
Spectacle frames - General requirements and test methods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, selection of test samples, conditioning and requirements of test samples, test, inspection and judgment, test methods and marking of spectacle frames.
This standard is applicable to all spectacle frames made of metal, plastic and natural organic materials, including rimless mounts, semi-rimless mounts and folding spectacle frames.
This standard is not applicable to custom-made spectacle frames or those designed specifically to provide personal eye protection.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
GB/T 197 General purpose metric screw threads - Tolerances (GB/T 197-2018, ISO 965-1: 2013, MOD)
GB/T 250-2008 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Grey scale for assessing change in color (ISO 105-A02: 1993, IDT)
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696: 1987, MOD)
GB/T 8427 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc (GB/T 8427-2019, ISO 105-B02: 2014, MOD)
GB/T 11533 Standard for logarithmic visual acuity charts
GB/T 26397 Ophthalmic optics - Terminology (GB/T 26397-2011, ISO 13666: 1998, MOD)
GB/T 38004 Spectacle frames - Measuring system and terminology (GB/T 38004-2019, ISO 8624: 2011, IDT)
GB/T 38009 Spectacle frames - Requirement and method for the detection of nickel release (GB/T 38009-2019, ISO/TS 24348: 2014, MOD)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions specified in GB/T 26397 as well as the followings apply. For the convenience of application, some terms and definitions in GB/T 26397 are listed repeatedly as follows.
3.1
spectacle frames model
spectacle frame produced to a common design, using the same materials (but not necessarily the same pigmentation) and surface treatment
Note: For the purpose of this standard, if the design, material or surface treatment of the spectacle frame is changed, the spectacle frame model is considered to be changed.
3.2
natural organic material
material that has not been synthesized from other raw materials and, when processed, remains essentially in its original state
Examples: Natural horn, bamboo and wood.
Note: Processing in this case is defined as cutting, shaping, bending, polishing and heating.
3.3
custom-made spectacle frames
spectacle frames made to special need of a customer
Note: Spectacle frames specially manufactured for wearers with unusual facial characteristics are regarded as custom-made spectacle frames.
3.4
metal frame
spectacle frame with the front mainly made of metal material
[GB/T 26397-2011, Definition 3.15.1]
3.5
plastic frame
spectacle frame with the front mainly made of plastic material
[GB/T 26397-2011, Definition 3.15.2]
3.6
boxed measurement system
measurement system based on the rectangle based on horizontal and vertical lines tangent to the outer edge of lens
3.7
boxed center
intersection of horizontal centerline and vertical centerline in boxed measurement system
[GB/T 26397-2011, Definition 3.2.4]
3.8
distance between centre
distance between two centers in boxed measurement system
3.9
horizontal boxed lens size
distance between two vertical sides of externally tangent rectangular frame of a lens in boxed measurement system
3.10
distance between lenses
distance between the two vertical sides (close to the nose) of the externally tangent rectangular frames of two lenses in boxed measurement system
3.11
overall length of side
distance from the intersection of the dowel screw and the hinge mid-plane to the tip of the side parallel to the centerline
Note: For non-hinged sides, the overall length of side refers to the linear distance from the end of side to 10mm from the front when the side forms a 90 ° angle with the front.
4 Technical requirements
4.1 Basic requirements
The performance of all types of spectacle frames shall meet the requirements of Table 1.
Table 1 Performance requirements for different types of spectacle frames
Frame type Item
4.2.2 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10
Nickel release Appearance quality Dimensional tolerance Dimensional stability at elevated temperature Cladding performance Mechanical stability Resistance to ignition Resistance to optical radiation
Rimless and semi-rimless types ○ g ○a g g g g ○
All other types ○ g g g g g g ○
g: frame type shall meet the requirements of this subclause; ○: compliance with this subclause is optional.
Note: "All other types" include plastics and metal spectacle frames, including folding spectacle frames, that have a rim that completely surrounds the lens periphery.
a Optional requirements for the dimensional tolerance (4.4) of rimless and semi-rimless frames does not include the overall length of side (that is, the overall length of side shall meet the standard requirements).
4.2 Physiological compatibility
4.2.1 General physiological compatibility
Spectacle frames shall be designed and manufactured in such a way that, when used normally, they will not compromise the health and safety of the wearer. The risks posed by substances releasing from the device that might come into prolonged contact with the skin shall be reduced by the manufacturer to a practicable minimum. Special attention shall be given to substances that are known to be allergenic, carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction.
Note 1: The following list, which is given for information, provides examples of documents that can be examined when checking the innocuousness of materials:
——specification of the materials used;
——safety data sheets relating to the materials;
——information relating to the suitability of the materials for use with food, in medical devices, or other relevant applications;
——information relating to investigations into the allergenic, carcinogenic, toxicological or mutagenic properties of the materials, or their toxicity with regard to reproduction;
——information relating to ecotoxicological and other environmental investigations on the materials.
Note 2: Reactions can be generated by excessive pressure, for example, due to a poor fit on the face, chemical irritation or allergy. Rare or idiosyncratic reactions can occur to any material and indicate the need for the individual to select particular types of frames.
4.2.2 Nickel release
Those parts of metal spectacle frames and those metal parts of combination spectacle frames that come into direct and prolonged contact with the skin of the wearer shall not have a nickel release greater than 0.5μg/(cm2·week) when tested in accordance with GB/T 38009.
The parts to be tested shall include the following:
——the front (rims, bridge and, if applicable, brace bar and any nasal bearing surfaces including metal nose pads), excluding pad arms and lugs;
——the sides including metal collets, but excluding the hinges and surrounding areas intended to be protected by plastic end covers;
——metal decorative trims, if fitted on the inside of plastic sides and plastic end covers.
4.2.3 Clinical evaluation
If a spectacle frame is manufactured using materials (e.g. plastics, alloys, coatings or pigments) of unknown performance, the clinical evaluation shall be made according to the appropriate standard(s), either using the spectacle frame itself or using studies where the identical material is used in other medical devices.
Contents of GB/T 14214-2019
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Technical requirements
5 Selection of test samples
6 Conditioning and requirements of test samples
7 Test, inspection and judgment
8 Test methods
9 Marking
10 Additional information available
Annex A (Informative) Comparison between this standard and ISO 12870: 2016 in clause number
Annex B (Informative) Examples of layout of test apparatus
Annex C (Informative) Nominal material composition
Bibliography
