GB/T 23934-2015 Hot formed helical compression springs - Technical requirement
1 Scope
This standard specifies the materials, shapes, spring characteristics, tolerances, manufacturing requirements and test methods for common helical compression springs, which are made from hot coiled round section steel bar, and then quenched and tempered (hereinafter simply “springs”). Reference may be made to this standard for springs used for railway and other purposes with special requirements.
The following limit values apply to springs conforming to this standard, and reference may be made based on the negotiation between the purchaser and the supplier to this standard for springs beyond this size range:
——free length: ≤ 900 mm;
——spring index: 3 to 12;
——slenderness ratio: 0.8 to 4;
——active coils: ≥ 3;
——spring pitch: < 0.5D;
——wire diameter: 8 mm to 60 mm;
——mean diameter of coil: ≤ 460 mm.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 224 Determination of the depth of decarburization of steels (GB/T 224-2008, ISO 3887: 2003, MOD)
GB/T 230.1 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N and T) (GB/T 230.1-2009, ISO 6508-1:2005, MOD)
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (GB/T 231.1-2009, ISO 6506-1:2005, MOD)
GB/T 702-2008 Hot-rolled steel bars - Dimensions, shape, weight and tolerances (GB/T 702-2008, ISO 1035-1: 1980, ISO 1035-2: 1980, ISO 1035-3: 1980, IS0 1035-4: 1980, MOD)
GB/T 1222 Spring steels
GB/T 1805 Spring - Vocabulary
GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values
GB/T 31214.1 Springs - Shot peening - Part 1: General procedures
JB/T 7796-2005 Tension and compression spring testing machines
JB/T 10802-2007 Specification for shot peening of springs
ISO 683-14 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 14: Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs
ISO 9588 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Post-coating treatments of iron or steel to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 1805 apply.
4 Symbols and units
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and units given in Table 1 apply
Table 1 Symbols and units
Dimensions in millimeters
Symbol Name
e1 Perpendicularity
e2 Parallelism
dmax Maximum diameter of wire (or bar)
5 Material
5.1 Adoption of material
Unless otherwise agreed by the purchaser and the supplier, springs should be made from alloy steels specified in GB/T 1222 or the material conforming to ISO 683-14.
5.2 Diameter and tolerance of materials
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Symbols and units 5 Material 6 Spring construction 7 Spring characteristics 8 Tolerances of spring dimensions and characteristics 9 Requirements for manufacturing 10 Test methods Annex A (Informative) Example of test load calculation Annex B (Informative) Hardness of commonly used spring steel after heat treatment and corresponding relationship of hardness and tensile strength Bibliography
GB/T 23934-2015 Hot formed helical compression springs - Technical requirement
1 Scope
This standard specifies the materials, shapes, spring characteristics, tolerances, manufacturing requirements and test methods for common helical compression springs, which are made from hot coiled round section steel bar, and then quenched and tempered (hereinafter simply “springs”). Reference may be made to this standard for springs used for railway and other purposes with special requirements.
The following limit values apply to springs conforming to this standard, and reference may be made based on the negotiation between the purchaser and the supplier to this standard for springs beyond this size range:
——free length: ≤ 900 mm;
——spring index: 3 to 12;
——slenderness ratio: 0.8 to 4;
——active coils: ≥ 3;
——spring pitch: < 0.5D;
——wire diameter: 8 mm to 60 mm;
——mean diameter of coil: ≤ 460 mm.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 224 Determination of the depth of decarburization of steels (GB/T 224-2008, ISO 3887: 2003, MOD)
GB/T 230.1 Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (scales A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, K, N and T) (GB/T 230.1-2009, ISO 6508-1:2005, MOD)
GB/T 231.1 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (GB/T 231.1-2009, ISO 6506-1:2005, MOD)
GB/T 702-2008 Hot-rolled steel bars - Dimensions, shape, weight and tolerances (GB/T 702-2008, ISO 1035-1: 1980, ISO 1035-2: 1980, ISO 1035-3: 1980, IS0 1035-4: 1980, MOD)
GB/T 1222 Spring steels
GB/T 1805 Spring - Vocabulary
GB/T 6394 Determination of estimating the average grain size of metal
GB/T 8170 Rules of rounding off for numerical values & expression and judgment of limiting values
GB/T 31214.1 Springs - Shot peening - Part 1: General procedures
JB/T 7796-2005 Tension and compression spring testing machines
JB/T 10802-2007 Specification for shot peening of springs
ISO 683-14 Heat-treatable steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 14: Hot-rolled steels for quenched and tempered springs
ISO 9588 Metallic and other inorganic coatings - Post-coating treatments of iron or steel to reduce the risk of hydrogen embrittlement
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 1805 apply.
4 Symbols and units
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and units given in Table 1 apply
Table 1 Symbols and units
Dimensions in millimeters
Symbol Name
e1 Perpendicularity
e2 Parallelism
dmax Maximum diameter of wire (or bar)
5 Material
5.1 Adoption of material
Unless otherwise agreed by the purchaser and the supplier, springs should be made from alloy steels specified in GB/T 1222 or the material conforming to ISO 683-14.
5.2 Diameter and tolerance of materials
Contents of GB/T 23934-2015
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Symbols and units
5 Material
6 Spring construction
7 Spring characteristics
8 Tolerances of spring dimensions and characteristics
9 Requirements for manufacturing
10 Test methods
Annex A (Informative) Example of test load calculation
Annex B (Informative) Hardness of commonly used spring steel after heat treatment and corresponding relationship of hardness and tensile strength
Bibliography
