GB 15097-2016 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from marine engines (CHINA I, II)
1 Application scope
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for the emissions of pollutants from compression ignition engines and gas (including dual fuels of diesel and natural gas) fuelled positive ignition engines (hereinafter referred to as marine engines) installed in ships.
This standard is applicable to the type test, production conformity test and durability requirements of categories 1 and 2 marine engines (main engines and auxiliary engines) with rated net power larger than 37kW installed on inland vessel, coaster vessel, rive-sea ship, channel ship and fishing ship. This standard also specified the emission requirements of ships and marine engine after rebuilding.
This standard is not applicable to emergency marine engines installed on ships, or marine engines installed on lifeboats or any equipment or devices used only in emergency situations.
For the purposes of category 3 marine engines, those specified in GD 01 shall be implemented.
For the purposes of marine engines with rated net power not exceeding 37 kW, those specified in GB 20891 shall be implemented.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
GB 252 General diesel fuels
GB 20891 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery
GB/T 6072.3-2008 Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Performance - Part 3: Test
measurements
GB/T 6379.2-2004 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
GB/T 21404-2008 Internal combustion engines - Determination and method for the measurement of engine power - General requirements
GD 01 Guidelines for nitrogen oxide emission tests and inspections of marine diesel engines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following term and definition apply.
3.1
inland vessel
ships sailing in rivers and lakes
3.2
coaster vessel
ships sailing between various coastal ports
3.3
rive-sea ship
ships sailing in coastal waters and river channels
3.4
channel ship
ships sailing in the waters between the two sides of a strait or between islands
3.5
fishing ship
ships engaged in fishery production and those belonging to the aquaculture system that serve fishery production, including fishing vessels, aquaculture vessels, aquatic product transportation vessels, refrigerated processing vessels, fishery oil tankers, fishery supply vessels, fishery guidance vessels, fishery scientific research and investigation vessels, fishery teaching and practice vessels, fishery port engineering vessels, fishery tugboats, fishery transportation vessels, fishery barges, fishery administration vessels and fishery supervision vessels, etc.
3.6
category 1 marine engine
marine engines with a rated net power of 37 kW or more and a single-cylinder displacement of less than 5 L
3.7
category 2 marine engine
marine engines with a single-cylinder displacement of greater than or equal to 5 L and less than 30 L
3.8
category 3 marine engine
marine engines with a single-cylinder displacement of greater than or equal to 30 L
3.9
dual fuel marine engine
marine engines that can burn both gaseous fuel and oil fuel, or burn both oil and gaseous fuel simultaneously
3.10
type test
type approval test of new trial-manufactured product after completion of a marine engine type design to verify whether the product meets the technical requirements of this standard
3.11
marine engine type
same type of marine engine whose basic characteristic parameters listed in Attachment AA of Annex A have no difference
3.12
marine engine family
manufacturers grouping of marine engines which, through their design as defined in Attachment AB, Annex A, have similar exhaust emission characteristics, with all members of the family complying with the applicable emission limit values
3.13
parent engine
marine engines selected from a marine engine family that can represent the emission characteristics of this marine engine family
3.14
exhaust pollutants
gaseous pollutants and particulate matters discharged from the exhaust pipes of marine engines
3.15
gaseous pollutants
carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust pollutants, with hydrocarbons (HC) expressed in terms of C1 equivalent, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) expressed in terms of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalent
3.16
particulate matter (PM)
all materials collected on a specified filter medium after diluting exhaust to a temperature of not exceeding 325 K (52℃) according to the test methods specified Annex B
3.17
net power
on the test bench, in accordance with the net power measurement method specified in GB/T 21404-2008, when the engine is equipped with the equipment and auxiliary devices required for the engine net power test as specified in Annex E, the power measured at the end of the crankshaft or its equivalent parts
3.18
rated net power
maximum continuous output power in the marine engine type plate and technical document
3.19
rated speed
engine speed at which, according to the statement in the marine engine type plate and technical document, the rated power is delivered
3.20
percent load
percentage of the maximum torque that can be obtained at a certain speed of the marine engine
3.21
intermediate speed
speed at which a marine engine designed to operate at non-constant speeds, when running according to the full-load torque curve, meets one of the following conditions
——if the calibrated maximum torque speed is between 60% and 75% of the rated speed, the intermediate speed shall be taken as the calibrated maximum torque speed;
——if the calibrated maximum torque speed is lower than 60% of the rated speed, the intermediate speed shall be taken as 60% of the rated speed;
——if the calibrated maximum torque speed is higher than 75% of the rated speed, the intermediate speed shall be taken as 75% of the rated speed.
3.22
useful life
usage period as specified in 5.2.3 hereof, in which the normal operation of the marine engine emission control system and the compliance with the relevant emission limits for gaseous pollutants and particulate matters are ensured, and which has been confirmed during the type test
3.23
rebuilding marine engine
disassembling, inspecting and/or replacing parts of the marine engine or marine engine system, and reassembling the marine engine or marine engine system so as to increase the service life of the marine engine
3.24
emergency marine engine
marine engines on any equipment or devices used only in emergency situations
4 Type test and test information disclosure
4.1 The marine engine type within the scope of application of this standard shall undergo type test in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
4.2 Information disclosure requirements
Marine engine manufacturers or their authorized agents shall disclose information in accordance with the requirements of Annexes A and F hereof. Relevant contents involving enterprise secrets may only be disclosed to the competent authorities
4.3 Prototype and fuel for type test
4.3.1 A marine engine that conforms to the characteristics of the "marine engine type" (or "parent engine") described in Annex A hereto shall be submitted to the testing institution responsible for type test to complete the test contents specified in this standard.
The testing institution responsible for type test may also complete the test contents specified in this standard for the marine engine submitted for application in the marine engine manufacturer.
If the competent authority deems that the parent engine provided by the applicant cannot fully represent the engine family defined in Attachment AB, the manufacturer shall provide another parent engine for type test.
4.3.2 The fuel regulations for type test shall be as follows:
4.3.2.1 For marine engines using ordinary diesel, the reference diesel specified in Annex D shall be used.
4.3.2.2 For marine engines using other fuels, commercially available fuels of the type used in the type test by the manufacturer shall be used.
4.3.2.3 For marine engines that can use more than one type of fuel (non-mixed fuel), tests shall be conducted separately for each type of fuel, and the test results shall all meet the emission requirements specified in this standard.
4.3.2.4 For marine engines that can use multiple mixed fuels, the mixed fuel that would cause the most severe emission conditions shall be selected for testing, and the test results shall meet the emission requirements specified in this standard.
4.4 Exemption from type test
For marine engines used for special purposes such as export, exhibition, rescue, emergency response, and matching tests, an application may be made to the competent authority for exemption from type test. The materials submitted to the competent authority shall include type, power, manufacturer, application, stage of emission standards achieved, quantity and production date, etc.
5 Technical requirements and tests
5.1 General
Manufacturing enterprises shall take technical measures to ensure that the emission control system of marine engines operates normally under normal working conditions and within the specified service life, and that pollutant emissions comply with the requirements hereof.
No modification that may affect emissions shall be made to the pollution control technical measures or devices (such as fuel systems, electronic control systems or post-processing systems, etc.) adopted by the manufacturing plant without type test.
5.2 Provisions of exhaust pollutants
5.2.1 Test regulations and sampling system
The measurement and sampling procedures for marine engine exhaust pollutants shall be carried out in accordance with those specified in Attachment BA of Annex B, and the test cycles shall be conducted in accordance with those specified in Tables B.1, B.2, B.3, B.4 or B.5 in Annex B hereto.
The exhaust pollutants of marine engines shall be determined using the system described in Annex C hereto.
If other systems or analyzers are approved to be able to obtain results equivalent to those of the test systems specified below and in Annex C, they may also be used:
——the system used for measuring gaseous pollutants in the original exhaust gas (see Figure C.1 in Annex C hereto);
——the system applied for measuring gaseous pollutants in the full-flow dilution system (see Figure C.2 in Annex C hereto);
Foreword iii
1 Application scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Type test and test information disclosure
5 Technical requirements and tests
6 Provisions on sulfur oxide emission control from ships
7 Production conformity test
8 Marine machine label
9 Determination of parameters of marine engine family
10 Selection of parent engine
11 Implementation of standard
Annex A (Normative) Type test related information
Attachment AA (Normative) Basic characteristics of marine engines (parent engines) and relevant test data1)
Attachment AB (Normative) Basic characteristics of marine engine family
Attachment AC (Normative) Basic characteristics of marine engine type within a family
Annex B (Normative) Test procedures
Attachment BA (Nominative) Measurement and sampling procedures
Attachment BB (Nominative) Calibration procedures
Attachment BC (Nominative) Data determination and calculation
Attachment BD (Nominative) Determination of degradation factors
Annex C (Normative) Gas and particulate sampling systems
Annex D (Normative) Technical requirements for reference diesel fuel 1)
Annex E (Normative) Equipment and accessories required to be installed for net power tests of marine machines
Annex F (Normative) Type inspection results
Annex G (Normative) Conformity of production
Annex H (Normative) Requirements for rebuilding of marine engine
Annex I (Informative) Abbreviations, symbols and units
Annex J (Informative) Bibliography
GB 15097-2016 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from marine engines (CHINA I, II)
1 Application scope
This standard specifies the limits and measurement methods for the emissions of pollutants from compression ignition engines and gas (including dual fuels of diesel and natural gas) fuelled positive ignition engines (hereinafter referred to as marine engines) installed in ships.
This standard is applicable to the type test, production conformity test and durability requirements of categories 1 and 2 marine engines (main engines and auxiliary engines) with rated net power larger than 37kW installed on inland vessel, coaster vessel, rive-sea ship, channel ship and fishing ship. This standard also specified the emission requirements of ships and marine engine after rebuilding.
This standard is not applicable to emergency marine engines installed on ships, or marine engines installed on lifeboats or any equipment or devices used only in emergency situations.
For the purposes of category 3 marine engines, those specified in GD 01 shall be implemented.
For the purposes of marine engines with rated net power not exceeding 37 kW, those specified in GB 20891 shall be implemented.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document applies.
GB 252 General diesel fuels
GB 20891 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery
GB/T 6072.3-2008 Reciprocating internal combustion engines - Performance - Part 3: Test
measurements
GB/T 6379.2-2004 Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 2: Basic method for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method
GB/T 21404-2008 Internal combustion engines - Determination and method for the measurement of engine power - General requirements
GD 01 Guidelines for nitrogen oxide emission tests and inspections of marine diesel engines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following term and definition apply.
3.1
inland vessel
ships sailing in rivers and lakes
3.2
coaster vessel
ships sailing between various coastal ports
3.3
rive-sea ship
ships sailing in coastal waters and river channels
3.4
channel ship
ships sailing in the waters between the two sides of a strait or between islands
3.5
fishing ship
ships engaged in fishery production and those belonging to the aquaculture system that serve fishery production, including fishing vessels, aquaculture vessels, aquatic product transportation vessels, refrigerated processing vessels, fishery oil tankers, fishery supply vessels, fishery guidance vessels, fishery scientific research and investigation vessels, fishery teaching and practice vessels, fishery port engineering vessels, fishery tugboats, fishery transportation vessels, fishery barges, fishery administration vessels and fishery supervision vessels, etc.
3.6
category 1 marine engine
marine engines with a rated net power of 37 kW or more and a single-cylinder displacement of less than 5 L
3.7
category 2 marine engine
marine engines with a single-cylinder displacement of greater than or equal to 5 L and less than 30 L
3.8
category 3 marine engine
marine engines with a single-cylinder displacement of greater than or equal to 30 L
3.9
dual fuel marine engine
marine engines that can burn both gaseous fuel and oil fuel, or burn both oil and gaseous fuel simultaneously
3.10
type test
type approval test of new trial-manufactured product after completion of a marine engine type design to verify whether the product meets the technical requirements of this standard
3.11
marine engine type
same type of marine engine whose basic characteristic parameters listed in Attachment AA of Annex A have no difference
3.12
marine engine family
manufacturers grouping of marine engines which, through their design as defined in Attachment AB, Annex A, have similar exhaust emission characteristics, with all members of the family complying with the applicable emission limit values
3.13
parent engine
marine engines selected from a marine engine family that can represent the emission characteristics of this marine engine family
3.14
exhaust pollutants
gaseous pollutants and particulate matters discharged from the exhaust pipes of marine engines
3.15
gaseous pollutants
carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in exhaust pollutants, with hydrocarbons (HC) expressed in terms of C1 equivalent, and nitrogen oxides (NOx) expressed in terms of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) equivalent
3.16
particulate matter (PM)
all materials collected on a specified filter medium after diluting exhaust to a temperature of not exceeding 325 K (52℃) according to the test methods specified Annex B
3.17
net power
on the test bench, in accordance with the net power measurement method specified in GB/T 21404-2008, when the engine is equipped with the equipment and auxiliary devices required for the engine net power test as specified in Annex E, the power measured at the end of the crankshaft or its equivalent parts
3.18
rated net power
maximum continuous output power in the marine engine type plate and technical document
3.19
rated speed
engine speed at which, according to the statement in the marine engine type plate and technical document, the rated power is delivered
3.20
percent load
percentage of the maximum torque that can be obtained at a certain speed of the marine engine
3.21
intermediate speed
speed at which a marine engine designed to operate at non-constant speeds, when running according to the full-load torque curve, meets one of the following conditions
——if the calibrated maximum torque speed is between 60% and 75% of the rated speed, the intermediate speed shall be taken as the calibrated maximum torque speed;
——if the calibrated maximum torque speed is lower than 60% of the rated speed, the intermediate speed shall be taken as 60% of the rated speed;
——if the calibrated maximum torque speed is higher than 75% of the rated speed, the intermediate speed shall be taken as 75% of the rated speed.
3.22
useful life
usage period as specified in 5.2.3 hereof, in which the normal operation of the marine engine emission control system and the compliance with the relevant emission limits for gaseous pollutants and particulate matters are ensured, and which has been confirmed during the type test
3.23
rebuilding marine engine
disassembling, inspecting and/or replacing parts of the marine engine or marine engine system, and reassembling the marine engine or marine engine system so as to increase the service life of the marine engine
3.24
emergency marine engine
marine engines on any equipment or devices used only in emergency situations
4 Type test and test information disclosure
4.1 The marine engine type within the scope of application of this standard shall undergo type test in accordance with the requirements of this standard.
4.2 Information disclosure requirements
Marine engine manufacturers or their authorized agents shall disclose information in accordance with the requirements of Annexes A and F hereof. Relevant contents involving enterprise secrets may only be disclosed to the competent authorities
4.3 Prototype and fuel for type test
4.3.1 A marine engine that conforms to the characteristics of the "marine engine type" (or "parent engine") described in Annex A hereto shall be submitted to the testing institution responsible for type test to complete the test contents specified in this standard.
The testing institution responsible for type test may also complete the test contents specified in this standard for the marine engine submitted for application in the marine engine manufacturer.
If the competent authority deems that the parent engine provided by the applicant cannot fully represent the engine family defined in Attachment AB, the manufacturer shall provide another parent engine for type test.
4.3.2 The fuel regulations for type test shall be as follows:
4.3.2.1 For marine engines using ordinary diesel, the reference diesel specified in Annex D shall be used.
4.3.2.2 For marine engines using other fuels, commercially available fuels of the type used in the type test by the manufacturer shall be used.
4.3.2.3 For marine engines that can use more than one type of fuel (non-mixed fuel), tests shall be conducted separately for each type of fuel, and the test results shall all meet the emission requirements specified in this standard.
4.3.2.4 For marine engines that can use multiple mixed fuels, the mixed fuel that would cause the most severe emission conditions shall be selected for testing, and the test results shall meet the emission requirements specified in this standard.
4.4 Exemption from type test
For marine engines used for special purposes such as export, exhibition, rescue, emergency response, and matching tests, an application may be made to the competent authority for exemption from type test. The materials submitted to the competent authority shall include type, power, manufacturer, application, stage of emission standards achieved, quantity and production date, etc.
5 Technical requirements and tests
5.1 General
Manufacturing enterprises shall take technical measures to ensure that the emission control system of marine engines operates normally under normal working conditions and within the specified service life, and that pollutant emissions comply with the requirements hereof.
No modification that may affect emissions shall be made to the pollution control technical measures or devices (such as fuel systems, electronic control systems or post-processing systems, etc.) adopted by the manufacturing plant without type test.
5.2 Provisions of exhaust pollutants
5.2.1 Test regulations and sampling system
The measurement and sampling procedures for marine engine exhaust pollutants shall be carried out in accordance with those specified in Attachment BA of Annex B, and the test cycles shall be conducted in accordance with those specified in Tables B.1, B.2, B.3, B.4 or B.5 in Annex B hereto.
The exhaust pollutants of marine engines shall be determined using the system described in Annex C hereto.
If other systems or analyzers are approved to be able to obtain results equivalent to those of the test systems specified below and in Annex C, they may also be used:
——the system used for measuring gaseous pollutants in the original exhaust gas (see Figure C.1 in Annex C hereto);
——the system applied for measuring gaseous pollutants in the full-flow dilution system (see Figure C.2 in Annex C hereto);
Contents of GB 15097-2016
Foreword iii
1 Application scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Type test and test information disclosure
5 Technical requirements and tests
6 Provisions on sulfur oxide emission control from ships
7 Production conformity test
8 Marine machine label
9 Determination of parameters of marine engine family
10 Selection of parent engine
11 Implementation of standard
Annex A (Normative) Type test related information
Attachment AA (Normative) Basic characteristics of marine engines (parent engines) and relevant test data1)
Attachment AB (Normative) Basic characteristics of marine engine family
Attachment AC (Normative) Basic characteristics of marine engine type within a family
Annex B (Normative) Test procedures
Attachment BA (Nominative) Measurement and sampling procedures
Attachment BB (Nominative) Calibration procedures
Attachment BC (Nominative) Data determination and calculation
Attachment BD (Nominative) Determination of degradation factors
Annex C (Normative) Gas and particulate sampling systems
Annex D (Normative) Technical requirements for reference diesel fuel 1)
Annex E (Normative) Equipment and accessories required to be installed for net power tests of marine machines
Annex F (Normative) Type inspection results
Annex G (Normative) Conformity of production
Annex H (Normative) Requirements for rebuilding of marine engine
Annex I (Informative) Abbreviations, symbols and units
Annex J (Informative) Bibliography
