GB 44703-2024 General requirements for optical radiation safety
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements for the risk classification, identification, and safety control of optical radiation safety for laser products and incoherent light products, as well as their operation processes.
This document is applicable to the optical radiation safety of laser products within the wavelength range of 180nm to 1mm and incoherent light products within the wavelength range of 200nm to 3μm, including their operation processes.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2893.1 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings
GB/T 2893.2 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels
GB/T 7247.1 Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
GB/T 30117.1 Photobiological safety of non-coherent light products - Part 1: General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 7247.1 and GB/T 30117.1 as well as the following apply.
3.1
optical radiation
electromagnetic radiation within the wavelength range of 180nm to 1mm
3.2
laser
optical radiation generated by the stimulated emission and amplification of particles of a substance
Note: Laser, also referred to as coherent light, is characterized by high monochromaticity, coherence, and directionality. A device capable of producing laser is called a laser device.
[Source: GB/T 15313-2008, 2.1.1, modified]
3.3
laser product
product containing a laser device
[Source: GB/T 7247.1-2024, 3.48, modified]
3.4
incoherent light
non-laser or incoherent optical radiation
3.5
incoherent light product
product capable of producing incoherent light
Note: The most common incoherent light products are various lighting fixtures, ultraviolet lamps, image projectors, electronic displays, etc.
3.6
luminous product
product capable of producing optical radiation
Note: Laser products and incoherent light products.
3.7
optical radiation hazard
injury (or potential injury) to human tissue caused by laser radiation within the wavelength range of 180nm to 1mm or by incoherent optical radiation within the wavelength range of 200nm to 3μm
Note: In this document, optical radiation hazards include the hazards caused by both source radiation and collateral optical radiation. For example, laser processing equipment may emit two types of optical radiation: the laser itself and the pump light used to generate the laser, which is referred to as collateral optical radiation.
3.8
risk of optical radiation hazard
combination of the probability of occurrence of optical radiation hazard and the severity of hazard consequence
3.9
optical radiation safety
state that does not cause optical radiation hazard
3.10
risk of optical radiation safety
state of optical radiation safety characterized by the degree of risk of optical radiation hazard
Note: In this document, the meaning of risk of optical radiation safety is equivalent to risk of optical radiation hazard.
3.11
protective glasses
device that attenuates optical radiation to a eye-safe level by means of principles such as absorption, reflection, or diffraction, thereby preventing eye injury from optical radiation
[Source: GB/T 15313-2008, 2.5.11, modified]
3.12
eye-safe
laser (or incoherent light) radiation for which the accessible emission is below the accessible emission limit (AEL) of Class 1 laser products (or exempt incoherent light products), or for which the exposure over the exposure duration is below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) for the eye
[Source: GB/T 7247.1-2024, 3.37, modified]
Contents
Foreword i
Introduction ii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification of risk of optical radiation safety
4.1 General classification of risk of optical radiation safety
4.2 Professional classification of risk of optical radiation safety
5 Identification of risk of optical radiation safety
5.1 General requirements
5.2 General identification for risk level of optical radiation safety
5.3 Professional identification for risk level of optical radiation safety
6 Requirements for optical radiation safety control of products
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Optical radiation safety classification control requirements for products
7 Safety control requirements during product operation process
Annex A (Informative) Professional classification method for risk levels of optical radiation safety of products
Annex B (Informative) Examples of typical general identification graphics for optical radiation safety and risk descriptions for professional identification
Annex C (Informative) Professional compliance standards for optical radiation safety of luminous products
Annex D (Informative) Recommendations for main control and management measures for optical radiation safety of luminous products during operation process
Bibliography
Figure 1 Schematic diagram for general identification for risk level of optical radiation safety
Figure 2 Example of professional identification for risk level of optical radiation safety of laser products
Figure 3 Graphical signs for optical radiation safety
Figure 4 Schematic diagram for laser window
Figure B.1 Schematic diagram of simplified general identification
Figure B.2 Examples of risk descriptions for each risk level of laser products
Figure B.3 Examples of risk descriptions for incoherent light products of each risk level
Table 1 Correspondence between professional classification and general classification of risk level for laser products
Table 2 Correspondence between professional classification and general classification of risk level for incoherent light products
Table 3 Requirements for various identification types of risk of optical radiation safety for luminous products
Table C.1 Professional compliance standards for optical radiation safety of laser products
Table C.2 Professional compliance standards for optical radiation safety of incoherent light products
GB 44703-2024 General requirements for optical radiation safety
1 Scope
This document specifies the general requirements for the risk classification, identification, and safety control of optical radiation safety for laser products and incoherent light products, as well as their operation processes.
This document is applicable to the optical radiation safety of laser products within the wavelength range of 180nm to 1mm and incoherent light products within the wavelength range of 200nm to 3μm, including their operation processes.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2893.1 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings
GB/T 2893.2 Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Part 2: Design principles for product safety labels
GB/T 7247.1 Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements
GB/T 30117.1 Photobiological safety of non-coherent light products - Part 1: General requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 7247.1 and GB/T 30117.1 as well as the following apply.
3.1
optical radiation
electromagnetic radiation within the wavelength range of 180nm to 1mm
3.2
laser
optical radiation generated by the stimulated emission and amplification of particles of a substance
Note: Laser, also referred to as coherent light, is characterized by high monochromaticity, coherence, and directionality. A device capable of producing laser is called a laser device.
[Source: GB/T 15313-2008, 2.1.1, modified]
3.3
laser product
product containing a laser device
[Source: GB/T 7247.1-2024, 3.48, modified]
3.4
incoherent light
non-laser or incoherent optical radiation
3.5
incoherent light product
product capable of producing incoherent light
Note: The most common incoherent light products are various lighting fixtures, ultraviolet lamps, image projectors, electronic displays, etc.
3.6
luminous product
product capable of producing optical radiation
Note: Laser products and incoherent light products.
3.7
optical radiation hazard
injury (or potential injury) to human tissue caused by laser radiation within the wavelength range of 180nm to 1mm or by incoherent optical radiation within the wavelength range of 200nm to 3μm
Note: In this document, optical radiation hazards include the hazards caused by both source radiation and collateral optical radiation. For example, laser processing equipment may emit two types of optical radiation: the laser itself and the pump light used to generate the laser, which is referred to as collateral optical radiation.
3.8
risk of optical radiation hazard
combination of the probability of occurrence of optical radiation hazard and the severity of hazard consequence
3.9
optical radiation safety
state that does not cause optical radiation hazard
3.10
risk of optical radiation safety
state of optical radiation safety characterized by the degree of risk of optical radiation hazard
Note: In this document, the meaning of risk of optical radiation safety is equivalent to risk of optical radiation hazard.
3.11
protective glasses
device that attenuates optical radiation to a eye-safe level by means of principles such as absorption, reflection, or diffraction, thereby preventing eye injury from optical radiation
[Source: GB/T 15313-2008, 2.5.11, modified]
3.12
eye-safe
laser (or incoherent light) radiation for which the accessible emission is below the accessible emission limit (AEL) of Class 1 laser products (or exempt incoherent light products), or for which the exposure over the exposure duration is below the maximum permissible exposure (MPE) for the eye
[Source: GB/T 7247.1-2024, 3.37, modified]
Contents of GB 44703-2024
Contents
Foreword i
Introduction ii
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification of risk of optical radiation safety
4.1 General classification of risk of optical radiation safety
4.2 Professional classification of risk of optical radiation safety
5 Identification of risk of optical radiation safety
5.1 General requirements
5.2 General identification for risk level of optical radiation safety
5.3 Professional identification for risk level of optical radiation safety
6 Requirements for optical radiation safety control of products
6.1 General requirements
6.2 Optical radiation safety classification control requirements for products
7 Safety control requirements during product operation process
Annex A (Informative) Professional classification method for risk levels of optical radiation safety of products
Annex B (Informative) Examples of typical general identification graphics for optical radiation safety and risk descriptions for professional identification
Annex C (Informative) Professional compliance standards for optical radiation safety of luminous products
Annex D (Informative) Recommendations for main control and management measures for optical radiation safety of luminous products during operation process
Bibliography
Figure 1 Schematic diagram for general identification for risk level of optical radiation safety
Figure 2 Example of professional identification for risk level of optical radiation safety of laser products
Figure 3 Graphical signs for optical radiation safety
Figure 4 Schematic diagram for laser window
Figure B.1 Schematic diagram of simplified general identification
Figure B.2 Examples of risk descriptions for each risk level of laser products
Figure B.3 Examples of risk descriptions for incoherent light products of each risk level
Table 1 Correspondence between professional classification and general classification of risk level for laser products
Table 2 Correspondence between professional classification and general classification of risk level for incoherent light products
Table 3 Requirements for various identification types of risk of optical radiation safety for luminous products
Table C.1 Professional compliance standards for optical radiation safety of laser products
Table C.2 Professional compliance standards for optical radiation safety of incoherent light products
