Codeofchina.com. is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
GB/T 1147 consists of two parts under the general title Small and medium power internal combustion engines:
——Part 1: General requirements;
——Part 2: Test methods.
This part is Part 2 of GB/T 1147.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 1147.2-2007 Small and medium power internal combustion engines—Part 2: Test methods.
The following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 1147.2-2007:
——The normative references are modified (see Clause 2 hereof, Clause 2 of 2007 Edition);
——The “fuel oil” in the text is modified to “fuel” (see Clauses 3, 4, 6 and Annex B hereof, Clauses 3, 4, 6 and Annex B of 2007 Edition);
——The requirement that the prototype shall be equipped with an alternative equipment equivalent to the accessory required is added (see 3.2 hereof, 3.2 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirement that the weighted fuel consumption rate will not be corrected under the atmosphere condition other than standard atmosphere condition when the weighted fuel consumption rate of non-road diesel engine is measured is added (see 3.4 hereof, 3.4 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for quality of flammable gases and for fuel oil of electronically controlled high-pressure common rail internal combustion engine are added (see 3.5 hereof, 3.5 of 2007 Edition);
——The test conditions for electronically controlled high pressure common rail internal combustion engine are added (see 3.10 hereof);
——In Table 1, the spot test of speed regulation performance is changed from required item to optional item; the ex-factory test of fuel consumption rate is changed from required item to optional item (see Clause 4 hereof, Clause 4 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for the starting test method of general-purpose small gasoline engine are added, and the requirement that the auxiliary starting mode and the measurement of auxiliary starting time shall be recorded during the test is added (see 6.1.1 hereof, 6.1.1 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for measurement methods of the weighted fuel consumption rate of non-road diesel engine and the heat consumption rate of gas engine are added (see 6.1.5 hereof, 6.1.5 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for safety performance inspection of spark ignition engine and gas engine (see 6.1.14 hereof, 6.1.14 of 2007 Edition), and the requirements for thermal balance test of vehicle engine are added (see 6.1.16 hereof, 6.1.16 of 2007 Edition);
——The determination method of exhaust emissions for the emission limits and measurement methods of exhaust pollutants from small spark ignition engines for non-road mobile machinery (China I, II) is added (see 6.1.19 hereof, 6.1.19 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for measurement of air leakage of the vehicle engine piston are added (see 6.1.21 hereof, 6.1.21 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for durability test of gas engine are added (see 9.1 hereof, 9.1 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirement that idle speed fluctuation and stabilization time shall be assessed when necessary is added (see Annex A.1.1 hereof, A.1.1 of 2007 Edition). This part was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Internal Combustion Engines of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 177).
The previous edition of standard replaced by this part is as follows:
——GB/T 1147.2-2007.
Small and medium power internal combustion engines—
Part 2: Test methods
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 1147 specifies the test methods for small and medium power internal combustion engines.
This part is applicable to small and medium power internal combustion engines (hereinafter referred to as internal combustion engines) for road vehicles, vessels, agricultural tractors and forestry machinery, construction machinery, generator sets, and irrigation and drainage machinery, and may also be referred to for other small and medium power internal combustion engines.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1147.1-2017 Small and medium power internal combustion engines—Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 1859
(All parts) Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Measurement of sound power level using sound pressure
GB/T 3821 Small and medium power internal combustion engines—Cleanliness limits and measurements
GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E. (Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
GB/T 5741-2008 Measure method for exhaust smoke of marine diesel engine
GB/T 6072.1-2008 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Performance—Part 1: Declarations of power fuel and lubricating oil consumptions and test methods—Additional requirements for engines for general use
GB/T 6072.3-2008 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Performance—Part 3: Test measurements
GB/T 7184-2008 Small and medium power diesel engines—Measurement and evaluation of vibration
GB 9486 Diesel engine—Exhaust smoke measurement method at steady state
GB/T 9487-2008 Diesel engines—Exhaust gas measurement under free acceleration
GB/T 10398-2008 Small gasoline engines—Evaluation and measurement of vibration
GB 11871 Limits of airborne noise emitted by marine diesel engines
GB/T 12542-2009 Thermal balance capacity on-road test method for motor vehicles
GB/T 15097 Measure method for emission pollutant of exhaust gas of marine diesel engine
GB/T 15371-2008 Torsional vibration of crankshaft system—Measurement and evaluation method
GB 17691-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from compression ignition and gas fueled positive ignition engines of vehicles (III, IV, V)
GB/T 18297-2001 Performance test code for road vehicle engines
GB/T 19055-2003 Reliability test methods for motor vehicle engines
GB 19756-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of tr-wheel low-speed goods vehicles (China I, II)
GB 19757-2005 Limits and measurement methods for noise emitted by accelerating tri-wheel and low-speed vehicle (China I, II)
GB 20651.1 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Safety—Part 1: Compression ignition engines
GB 20651.2 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Safety—Part 2: Spark ignition engines
GB 20891-2014 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA III, IV)
GB 26133-2010 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from small spark ignition engines of non-road mobile machinery (I, II)
GB 28239-2012 Limits and measurement methods for non-road diesel engine specific fuel consumption and specific oil consumption
JB/T 5135.2 General utility small gasoline engine—Part 2: Performance test method
JB/T 5135.3 General utility small gasoline engine—Part 3: Test and evaluate method of reliability and durability
JB/T 8127 Internal combustion engines—Fuel heaters
JB/T 10629-2006 Gas engines—General requirements and test methods
JB/T 11323-2013 Small and medium power diesel engines—Evaluation of reliability
QC/T 731-2005 Automotive starting motor specification
3 Test conditions
3.1 The manufacturer shall provide the necessary technical documents for the internal combustion engine before the test. The prototype shall comply with the requirements of the product drawings and technical documents.
3.2 The prototype shall be equipped with all accessories specified in the product technical documents or relevant standards or with an alternative equipment equivalent to the accessory required. If the exhaust silencer and exhaust pipe are not installed during the test, the exhaust back pressure of the test device shall be equivalent to that of the product.
3.3 Before the test, the internal combustion engine is allowed to run in for 45 h or according to the manufacturer’s requirements.
3.4 Standard reference conditions, conversion of power and fuel consumption rate, and accuracy of test device shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 6072.1-2008, GB/T 6072.3-2008 and other relevant standards. The weighted fuel consumption rate will not be corrected under the atmosphere condition other than standard atmosphere condition when the weighted fuel consumption rate of non-road diesel engine is measured; the atmospheric condition (atmospheric pressure and intake air temperature) shall be converted if it deviates from the standard reference condition during the test of other internal combustion engines, and be explained in the test report.
3.5 The quality requirements of the test fuel and engine oil shall be in accordance with the relevant standards or the instructions for use of the internal combustion engine. The quality of flammable gas shall meet the requirements of 4.3 in JB/T 10629-2006; the fuel oil for test of electronically controlled high-pressure common rail internal combustion engine must be separated and filtered by oil and water.
3.6 Unless otherwise agreed, the test shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s test bench or at the test center designated by the competent department.
3.7 The internal combustion engine itself is generally tested separately except that the internal combustion engine integrated with the transmission (for example the hydraulic mechanism and the reversing mechanism) or the internal combustion engine with a generator cannot be tested separately.
3.8 The fuel, engine oil, intake air and cooling medium temperature (including the inlet temperature of the cooling medium of the intercooler) of the internal combustion engine shall be in accordance with the requirements of instructions for the use of internal combustion engines or other relevant standards.
3.9 During the test, the engine may be adjusted due to test conditions and project requirements.
3.10 When carrying out electronically controlled high-pressure common rail internal combustion engine test, the wiring harness adapted to the test model, electronic control unit (ECU) matching the corresponding ECU data, and its corresponding electronic control system and other accessories shall be equipped.
4 Test and inspection items
The test and inspection items for internal combustion engines are specified by various professional standards. If there is no requirement, it may be done by referring to Table 1.
Table 1 Test and inspection items
No. Reference clause No. Test and inspection item Category
Type approval test Routine test Spot test
1 6.1.1 Starting performance test √ √ (Normal temperature) √ (Normal temperature)
2 6.1.2 Speed regulation performance test √ ▽ ▽
3 6.1.3 Load characteristic test √ ▽ ▽
4 6.1.4 Rated power test √ √ √
5 6.1.5 Fuel consumption rate test √ ▽ √
6 6.1.6 Speed characteristic test √ ▽ ▽
7 6.1.7 Usage characteristic test ▽ ▽ ▽
8 6.1.8 Universal characteristic test √ ▽ ▽
9 6.1.9 Rated power stability test √ ▽ √
10 6.1.10 No-load characteristic test √ × ▽
11 6.1.11 Determination of minimum adjustable no-load speed √ √ √
12 6.1.12 Determination of the minimum full load continuous speed ▽ ▽ ▽
13 6.1.13 Cylinder working uniformity test √ ▽ ▽
14 6.1.14 Safety performance inspection √ √ √
15 6.1.15 Determination of mechanical efficiency √ ▽ ▽
16 6.1.16 Thermal balance test ▽ × ×
17 6.1.17 Determination of noise √ ▽ √
18 6.1.18 Determination of exhaust smoke √ ▽ √
19 6.1.19 Determination of exhaust emissions √ ▽ √
20 6.1.20 Mechanical vibration and crankshaft torsional vibration test ▽ ▽ ▽
21 6.1.21 Determination of piston leakage ▽ ▽ ▽
22 6.1.22 Determination of engine oil consumption rate √ ▽ √
23 6.1.23 Determination of cleanliness ▽ ▽ √
24 6.2 Special performance test ▽ ▽ ▽
25 Clause 7 Function inspection √ ▽ √
26 Clause 8 Reliability test √ × ▽
27 Clause 9 Durability test ▽ × ▽
28 Clause 10 Thermal shock test ▽ × ×
Note 1: √ is the item that need to be carried out; × is the item that may not be carried out; ▽ is the item selected as needed.
Note 2: For the item “√” to be carried out and the item “▽” selected as needed, if the item contains multiple items, some of them can be tested as needed.
Note 3: For the reliability test, two prototypes shall be taken separately for testing.
5 Measurement parameters and requirements
5.1 The general measurement parameters of the internal combustion engine and its allowable deviation, as well as the calibration requirements for test instruments and equipment shall be in accordance with GB/T 6072.3-2008 or relevant standards. In specific measurement, they can be increased or decreased according to the need of test and inspection items and the structural possibility of internal combustion engine. See Table 2 for some measurement positions.
5.2 In addition to the instantaneous values of the parameters required by the test items, all parameters shall be measured after 1 min of stable operation of the internal combustion engine. The main parameters shall be measured at least 2 times and the average value shall be taken.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Test conditions
4 Test and inspection items
5 Measurement parameters and requirements
6 Performance test
7 Function inspection
8 Reliability test
9 Durability test
10 Thermal shock test
11 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Starting performance test of diesel engine
Annex B (Informative) Oil consumption determination
Codeofchina.com. is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
GB/T 1147 consists of two parts under the general title Small and medium power internal combustion engines:
——Part 1: General requirements;
——Part 2: Test methods.
This part is Part 2 of GB/T 1147.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 1147.2-2007 Small and medium power internal combustion engines—Part 2: Test methods.
The following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 1147.2-2007:
——The normative references are modified (see Clause 2 hereof, Clause 2 of 2007 Edition);
——The “fuel oil” in the text is modified to “fuel” (see Clauses 3, 4, 6 and Annex B hereof, Clauses 3, 4, 6 and Annex B of 2007 Edition);
——The requirement that the prototype shall be equipped with an alternative equipment equivalent to the accessory required is added (see 3.2 hereof, 3.2 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirement that the weighted fuel consumption rate will not be corrected under the atmosphere condition other than standard atmosphere condition when the weighted fuel consumption rate of non-road diesel engine is measured is added (see 3.4 hereof, 3.4 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for quality of flammable gases and for fuel oil of electronically controlled high-pressure common rail internal combustion engine are added (see 3.5 hereof, 3.5 of 2007 Edition);
——The test conditions for electronically controlled high pressure common rail internal combustion engine are added (see 3.10 hereof);
——In Table 1, the spot test of speed regulation performance is changed from required item to optional item; the ex-factory test of fuel consumption rate is changed from required item to optional item (see Clause 4 hereof, Clause 4 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for the starting test method of general-purpose small gasoline engine are added, and the requirement that the auxiliary starting mode and the measurement of auxiliary starting time shall be recorded during the test is added (see 6.1.1 hereof, 6.1.1 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for measurement methods of the weighted fuel consumption rate of non-road diesel engine and the heat consumption rate of gas engine are added (see 6.1.5 hereof, 6.1.5 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for safety performance inspection of spark ignition engine and gas engine (see 6.1.14 hereof, 6.1.14 of 2007 Edition), and the requirements for thermal balance test of vehicle engine are added (see 6.1.16 hereof, 6.1.16 of 2007 Edition);
——The determination method of exhaust emissions for the emission limits and measurement methods of exhaust pollutants from small spark ignition engines for non-road mobile machinery (China I, II) is added (see 6.1.19 hereof, 6.1.19 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for measurement of air leakage of the vehicle engine piston are added (see 6.1.21 hereof, 6.1.21 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirements for durability test of gas engine are added (see 9.1 hereof, 9.1 of 2007 Edition);
——The requirement that idle speed fluctuation and stabilization time shall be assessed when necessary is added (see Annex A.1.1 hereof, A.1.1 of 2007 Edition). This part was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Internal Combustion Engines of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 177).
The previous edition of standard replaced by this part is as follows:
——GB/T 1147.2-2007.
Small and medium power internal combustion engines—
Part 2: Test methods
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 1147 specifies the test methods for small and medium power internal combustion engines.
This part is applicable to small and medium power internal combustion engines (hereinafter referred to as internal combustion engines) for road vehicles, vessels, agricultural tractors and forestry machinery, construction machinery, generator sets, and irrigation and drainage machinery, and may also be referred to for other small and medium power internal combustion engines.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1147.1-2017 Small and medium power internal combustion engines—Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 1859
(All parts) Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Measurement of sound power level using sound pressure
GB/T 3821 Small and medium power internal combustion engines—Cleanliness limits and measurements
GB 3847-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust smoke from C.I.E. (Compression Ignition Engine) and vehicle equipped with C.I.E.
GB/T 5741-2008 Measure method for exhaust smoke of marine diesel engine
GB/T 6072.1-2008 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Performance—Part 1: Declarations of power fuel and lubricating oil consumptions and test methods—Additional requirements for engines for general use
GB/T 6072.3-2008 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Performance—Part 3: Test measurements
GB/T 7184-2008 Small and medium power diesel engines—Measurement and evaluation of vibration
GB 9486 Diesel engine—Exhaust smoke measurement method at steady state
GB/T 9487-2008 Diesel engines—Exhaust gas measurement under free acceleration
GB/T 10398-2008 Small gasoline engines—Evaluation and measurement of vibration
GB 11871 Limits of airborne noise emitted by marine diesel engines
GB/T 12542-2009 Thermal balance capacity on-road test method for motor vehicles
GB/T 15097 Measure method for emission pollutant of exhaust gas of marine diesel engine
GB/T 15371-2008 Torsional vibration of crankshaft system—Measurement and evaluation method
GB 17691-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from compression ignition and gas fueled positive ignition engines of vehicles (III, IV, V)
GB/T 18297-2001 Performance test code for road vehicle engines
GB/T 19055-2003 Reliability test methods for motor vehicle engines
GB 19756-2005 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of tr-wheel low-speed goods vehicles (China I, II)
GB 19757-2005 Limits and measurement methods for noise emitted by accelerating tri-wheel and low-speed vehicle (China I, II)
GB 20651.1 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Safety—Part 1: Compression ignition engines
GB 20651.2 Reciprocating internal combustion engines—Safety—Part 2: Spark ignition engines
GB 20891-2014 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from diesel engines of non-road mobile machinery (CHINA III, IV)
GB 26133-2010 Limits and measurement methods for exhaust pollutants from small spark ignition engines of non-road mobile machinery (I, II)
GB 28239-2012 Limits and measurement methods for non-road diesel engine specific fuel consumption and specific oil consumption
JB/T 5135.2 General utility small gasoline engine—Part 2: Performance test method
JB/T 5135.3 General utility small gasoline engine—Part 3: Test and evaluate method of reliability and durability
JB/T 8127 Internal combustion engines—Fuel heaters
JB/T 10629-2006 Gas engines—General requirements and test methods
JB/T 11323-2013 Small and medium power diesel engines—Evaluation of reliability
QC/T 731-2005 Automotive starting motor specification
3 Test conditions
3.1 The manufacturer shall provide the necessary technical documents for the internal combustion engine before the test. The prototype shall comply with the requirements of the product drawings and technical documents.
3.2 The prototype shall be equipped with all accessories specified in the product technical documents or relevant standards or with an alternative equipment equivalent to the accessory required. If the exhaust silencer and exhaust pipe are not installed during the test, the exhaust back pressure of the test device shall be equivalent to that of the product.
3.3 Before the test, the internal combustion engine is allowed to run in for 45 h or according to the manufacturer’s requirements.
3.4 Standard reference conditions, conversion of power and fuel consumption rate, and accuracy of test device shall comply with the requirements of GB/T 6072.1-2008, GB/T 6072.3-2008 and other relevant standards. The weighted fuel consumption rate will not be corrected under the atmosphere condition other than standard atmosphere condition when the weighted fuel consumption rate of non-road diesel engine is measured; the atmospheric condition (atmospheric pressure and intake air temperature) shall be converted if it deviates from the standard reference condition during the test of other internal combustion engines, and be explained in the test report.
3.5 The quality requirements of the test fuel and engine oil shall be in accordance with the relevant standards or the instructions for use of the internal combustion engine. The quality of flammable gas shall meet the requirements of 4.3 in JB/T 10629-2006; the fuel oil for test of electronically controlled high-pressure common rail internal combustion engine must be separated and filtered by oil and water.
3.6 Unless otherwise agreed, the test shall be carried out at the manufacturer’s test bench or at the test center designated by the competent department.
3.7 The internal combustion engine itself is generally tested separately except that the internal combustion engine integrated with the transmission (for example the hydraulic mechanism and the reversing mechanism) or the internal combustion engine with a generator cannot be tested separately.
3.8 The fuel, engine oil, intake air and cooling medium temperature (including the inlet temperature of the cooling medium of the intercooler) of the internal combustion engine shall be in accordance with the requirements of instructions for the use of internal combustion engines or other relevant standards.
3.9 During the test, the engine may be adjusted due to test conditions and project requirements.
3.10 When carrying out electronically controlled high-pressure common rail internal combustion engine test, the wiring harness adapted to the test model, electronic control unit (ECU) matching the corresponding ECU data, and its corresponding electronic control system and other accessories shall be equipped.
4 Test and inspection items
The test and inspection items for internal combustion engines are specified by various professional standards. If there is no requirement, it may be done by referring to Table 1.
Table 1 Test and inspection items
No. Reference clause No. Test and inspection item Category
Type approval test Routine test Spot test
1 6.1.1 Starting performance test √ √ (Normal temperature) √ (Normal temperature)
2 6.1.2 Speed regulation performance test √ ▽ ▽
3 6.1.3 Load characteristic test √ ▽ ▽
4 6.1.4 Rated power test √ √ √
5 6.1.5 Fuel consumption rate test √ ▽ √
6 6.1.6 Speed characteristic test √ ▽ ▽
7 6.1.7 Usage characteristic test ▽ ▽ ▽
8 6.1.8 Universal characteristic test √ ▽ ▽
9 6.1.9 Rated power stability test √ ▽ √
10 6.1.10 No-load characteristic test √ × ▽
11 6.1.11 Determination of minimum adjustable no-load speed √ √ √
12 6.1.12 Determination of the minimum full load continuous speed ▽ ▽ ▽
13 6.1.13 Cylinder working uniformity test √ ▽ ▽
14 6.1.14 Safety performance inspection √ √ √
15 6.1.15 Determination of mechanical efficiency √ ▽ ▽
16 6.1.16 Thermal balance test ▽ × ×
17 6.1.17 Determination of noise √ ▽ √
18 6.1.18 Determination of exhaust smoke √ ▽ √
19 6.1.19 Determination of exhaust emissions √ ▽ √
20 6.1.20 Mechanical vibration and crankshaft torsional vibration test ▽ ▽ ▽
21 6.1.21 Determination of piston leakage ▽ ▽ ▽
22 6.1.22 Determination of engine oil consumption rate √ ▽ √
23 6.1.23 Determination of cleanliness ▽ ▽ √
24 6.2 Special performance test ▽ ▽ ▽
25 Clause 7 Function inspection √ ▽ √
26 Clause 8 Reliability test √ × ▽
27 Clause 9 Durability test ▽ × ▽
28 Clause 10 Thermal shock test ▽ × ×
Note 1: √ is the item that need to be carried out; × is the item that may not be carried out; ▽ is the item selected as needed.
Note 2: For the item “√” to be carried out and the item “▽” selected as needed, if the item contains multiple items, some of them can be tested as needed.
Note 3: For the reliability test, two prototypes shall be taken separately for testing.
5 Measurement parameters and requirements
5.1 The general measurement parameters of the internal combustion engine and its allowable deviation, as well as the calibration requirements for test instruments and equipment shall be in accordance with GB/T 6072.3-2008 or relevant standards. In specific measurement, they can be increased or decreased according to the need of test and inspection items and the structural possibility of internal combustion engine. See Table 2 for some measurement positions.
5.2 In addition to the instantaneous values of the parameters required by the test items, all parameters shall be measured after 1 min of stable operation of the internal combustion engine. The main parameters shall be measured at least 2 times and the average value shall be taken.
Contents of GB/T 1147.2-2017
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Test conditions
4 Test and inspection items
5 Measurement parameters and requirements
6 Performance test
7 Function inspection
8 Reliability test
9 Durability test
10 Thermal shock test
11 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Starting performance test of diesel engine
Annex B (Informative) Oil consumption determination
