GB/T 14977-2025 General requirement for surface condition of hot-rolled steel sheet and plate English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Classification
5 Requirements
6 Numerical Rounding
General requirement for surface condition of hot-rolled steel sheet and plate
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, requirements, and numerical rounding for surface quality of hot-rolled steel plates.
It applies to hot-rolled steel plates with thicknesses ranging from 3 mm to 400 mm, including both single-rolled plates and sheared plates from hot-rolled coils (hereinafter referred to as "steel plates").
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents contain provisions that are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 8170 Rules for rounding off numbers and representation and judgment of limiting values
GB/T 19866 General principles for welding procedure specification and qualification (GB/T 19866—2005, ISO 15607:2003, IDT)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Imperfections
Surface discontinuities (excluding cracks, scabs, and splits) with depth and/or area not exceeding specified limits.
Note: Surface discontinuities requiring repair are considered defects.
3.2
Defects
All cracks, scabs, and splits (regardless of depth and/or area) and surface discontinuities with depth and/or area exceeding specified limits.
Note: Common descriptions of surface discontinuities are provided in Appendix C.
4 Classification
Surface quality is classified into Class A and Class B, each further divided into Levels 1, 2, and 3:
Class A: Surface quality shall meet the requirements of 5.3.1 and 5.4.1.2, allowing the remaining thickness after surface discontinuities or grinding to be less than the minimum permitted thickness of the steel plate.
Class B: Surface quality shall meet the requirements of 5.3.2 and 5.4.1.3, requiring the remaining thickness after surface discontinuities or grinding to be no less than the minimum permitted thickness of the steel plate.
Level 1: Chipping and/or grinding followed by welding repair are permitted, provided 5.4.2.2.1 is met.
Level 2: Welding repair is permitted only upon mutual agreement and specified in the contract, provided 5.4.2.2.2 is met.
Level 3: Welding repair is not permitted.
Note: Surface quality classification and requirements are detailed in Table D.1 of Appendix D.
If the surface quality class and level are not specified in the product standard or contract, Class A, Level 1 shall apply for delivery.
5 Requirements
5.1 General Surface Requirements for Steel Plates
Regardless of whether the steel plates are delivered with or without scale removed, the manufacturer shall take necessary measures to ensure that the surface quality meets the specified requirements. The manufacturer need only consider visually detectable surface discontinuities. Scale formed during rolling and heat treatment may conceal surface discontinuities.
If the purchaser requires all visually detectable surface discontinuities to be identified, evaluated, and rectified (if necessary) before delivery, an order for scale-removed product shall be placed.
If defects are discovered during subsequent scale removal or processing by the purchaser and are attributable to the manufacturer, the manufacturer shall be permitted to rectify them as per the product standard before resubmission.
5.2 Measurement of Surface discontinuity Depth and Affected Area
5.2.1 Depth Measurement
To distinguish between surface imperfections and defects, the depth of representative surface discontinuities shall be measured on the product surface when necessary. The depth shall be determined after grinding away the representative surface discontinuity.
5.2.2 Affected Area Measurement
When necessary, the affected area of surface discontinuities shall be measured as follows:
a) Isolated surface discontinuities:
Draw a continuous line at a 20 mm distance from the perimeter of the discontinuity or a rectangle with edges 20 mm from its boundary to determine the affected area (as shown in Figure 1).
b) Clustered surface discontinuities:
Draw a continuous line at a 20 mm distance from the perimeter of the group or a rectangle with its length and width 20 mm from the connecting line of the group. If the group is less than 20 mm from the plate edge, the plate edge shall serve as the reference (as shown in Figure 2).
c) Linear surface discontinuities:
Draw a rectangle with its length and width 20 mm from the connecting line of the group. If the group is less than 20 mm from the plate edge, the plate edge shall serve as the reference (as shown in Figure 3).
d) Multiple surface discontinuities (including clustered and linear types) with edge spacing ≤ 40 mm shall be considered as a single clustered surface discontinuity.
5.3 Rectification Requirements
5.3.1 Class A
5.3.1.1 Imperfections
5.3.1.1.1 Typical imperfections include scale pressing and pitting, indentations and rolling marks, scratches and grooves, lamination, blowholes, hot cracks, or surface inclusions.
5.3.1.1.2 Surface discontinuities (excluding cracks, scabs, and splits) shall be deemed unavoidable during production if their depth does not exceed the limits specified in Table 1 and the remaining plate thickness after discontinuities is no less than the minimum permitted thickness of the steel plate. Such discontinuities are acceptable in any quantity.
Standard
GB/T 14977-2025 General requirement for surface condition of hot-rolled steel sheet and plate (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 14977-2025
Status
to be valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
8500 words
Price(USD)
255.0
Implemented on
2026-3-1
Delivery
via email in 1~3 business day
Detail of GB/T 14977-2025
Standard No.
GB/T 14977-2025
English Name
General requirement for surface condition of hot-rolled steel sheet and plate
GB/T 14977-2025 General requirement for surface condition of hot-rolled steel sheet and plate English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Classification
5 Requirements
6 Numerical Rounding
General requirement for surface condition of hot-rolled steel sheet and plate
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, requirements, and numerical rounding for surface quality of hot-rolled steel plates.
It applies to hot-rolled steel plates with thicknesses ranging from 3 mm to 400 mm, including both single-rolled plates and sheared plates from hot-rolled coils (hereinafter referred to as "steel plates").
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents contain provisions that are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 8170 Rules for rounding off numbers and representation and judgment of limiting values
GB/T 19866 General principles for welding procedure specification and qualification (GB/T 19866—2005, ISO 15607:2003, IDT)
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions apply to this document.
3.1
Imperfections
Surface discontinuities (excluding cracks, scabs, and splits) with depth and/or area not exceeding specified limits.
Note: Surface discontinuities requiring repair are considered defects.
3.2
Defects
All cracks, scabs, and splits (regardless of depth and/or area) and surface discontinuities with depth and/or area exceeding specified limits.
Note: Common descriptions of surface discontinuities are provided in Appendix C.
4 Classification
Surface quality is classified into Class A and Class B, each further divided into Levels 1, 2, and 3:
Class A: Surface quality shall meet the requirements of 5.3.1 and 5.4.1.2, allowing the remaining thickness after surface discontinuities or grinding to be less than the minimum permitted thickness of the steel plate.
Class B: Surface quality shall meet the requirements of 5.3.2 and 5.4.1.3, requiring the remaining thickness after surface discontinuities or grinding to be no less than the minimum permitted thickness of the steel plate.
Level 1: Chipping and/or grinding followed by welding repair are permitted, provided 5.4.2.2.1 is met.
Level 2: Welding repair is permitted only upon mutual agreement and specified in the contract, provided 5.4.2.2.2 is met.
Level 3: Welding repair is not permitted.
Note: Surface quality classification and requirements are detailed in Table D.1 of Appendix D.
If the surface quality class and level are not specified in the product standard or contract, Class A, Level 1 shall apply for delivery.
5 Requirements
5.1 General Surface Requirements for Steel Plates
Regardless of whether the steel plates are delivered with or without scale removed, the manufacturer shall take necessary measures to ensure that the surface quality meets the specified requirements. The manufacturer need only consider visually detectable surface discontinuities. Scale formed during rolling and heat treatment may conceal surface discontinuities.
If the purchaser requires all visually detectable surface discontinuities to be identified, evaluated, and rectified (if necessary) before delivery, an order for scale-removed product shall be placed.
If defects are discovered during subsequent scale removal or processing by the purchaser and are attributable to the manufacturer, the manufacturer shall be permitted to rectify them as per the product standard before resubmission.
5.2 Measurement of Surface discontinuity Depth and Affected Area
5.2.1 Depth Measurement
To distinguish between surface imperfections and defects, the depth of representative surface discontinuities shall be measured on the product surface when necessary. The depth shall be determined after grinding away the representative surface discontinuity.
5.2.2 Affected Area Measurement
When necessary, the affected area of surface discontinuities shall be measured as follows:
a) Isolated surface discontinuities:
Draw a continuous line at a 20 mm distance from the perimeter of the discontinuity or a rectangle with edges 20 mm from its boundary to determine the affected area (as shown in Figure 1).
b) Clustered surface discontinuities:
Draw a continuous line at a 20 mm distance from the perimeter of the group or a rectangle with its length and width 20 mm from the connecting line of the group. If the group is less than 20 mm from the plate edge, the plate edge shall serve as the reference (as shown in Figure 2).
c) Linear surface discontinuities:
Draw a rectangle with its length and width 20 mm from the connecting line of the group. If the group is less than 20 mm from the plate edge, the plate edge shall serve as the reference (as shown in Figure 3).
d) Multiple surface discontinuities (including clustered and linear types) with edge spacing ≤ 40 mm shall be considered as a single clustered surface discontinuity.
5.3 Rectification Requirements
5.3.1 Class A
5.3.1.1 Imperfections
5.3.1.1.1 Typical imperfections include scale pressing and pitting, indentations and rolling marks, scratches and grooves, lamination, blowholes, hot cracks, or surface inclusions.
5.3.1.1.2 Surface discontinuities (excluding cracks, scabs, and splits) shall be deemed unavoidable during production if their depth does not exceed the limits specified in Table 1 and the remaining plate thickness after discontinuities is no less than the minimum permitted thickness of the steel plate. Such discontinuities are acceptable in any quantity.
