GB/T 18487.1-2023/XG1-2026 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, general requirements, communication, protection against electric shock, connection between electric vehicle and EV energy transfer equipment, vehicle adaptor, special requirements for vehicle coupler and EV plug and socket-outlet, structural and performance requirements for EV energy transfer equipment, overload protection and short-circuit protection, emergency shutdown, service conditions, maintenance, marking and instructions of electric vehicle conductive charging system.
Note 1: In case of no confusion, the "EV energy transfer equipment" herein is referred to collectively as "supply equipment".
This document is applicable to current-controlled and/or voltage-controlled off-board conductive supply equipment to realize unidirectional/bi-directional energy flow between the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicles and the supply network (power supply). The rated voltage on the supply network side (side A) does not exceed 1,000V AC or 1,500V DC, and the rated maximum voltage on the electric vehicle side (side B) does not exceed 1,000V AC or 1,500V DC.
This document is also applicable to supply equipment that gets energy from field energy storage systems (such as buffer batteries).
This document is applicable to off-vehicle-chargeable electric vehicles or bi-directional charging electric vehicles, including conductive charging or bi-directional charging systems of battery electric vehicles, off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles.
This document may be used as reference for the conductive charging or bi-directional charging systems of trams, railway rolling stock, industrial trucks, etc.
This document is not applicable to the safety requirements related to the maintenance of conductive charging/bi-directional charging systems of electric vehicles, the on-board charging equipment specified in GB/T 40432, or trolley buses.
See relevant standards of electric vehicles for the requirements of components other than the key components of electric vehicles specified in this document (vehicle inlet on vehicle side, control pilot circuit and EV disconnection device).
Note 2: See GB/T 18487.2-2017 for EMC requirements for off-board EV supply equipment.
Note 3: See GB/T 40425 (all parts) for the requirements of top contact charging system.
Note 4: See GB/T 41589 for the requirements of in-cable control and protection device for mode 2 (IC-CPD).
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1002 Single phase plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GB/T 1003 Three phases plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 2423.3 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic products - Test Ca: Damp heat, steady state
GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle)
GB/T 7251.1-2013 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 10963.1 Electrical accessories - Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installations - Part 1: Circuit-breakers for a.c. operation
GB/T 10963 (all parts) Electrical accessories - Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installations
GB/T 11918.1 Plugs, socket-outlet and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 11918.2 Plug, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 2: Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for pin and contact-tube accessories
GB/T 12113-2003 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current
GB/T 13539 (all parts) Low-voltage fuses
GB/T 13870.1-2022 Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects
GB/T 13870.2-2016 Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 2: Special aspects
GB/T 14048.2 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 2: Circuit-breakers
GB/T 14048.3 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units
GB/T 14048.4 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters - Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (Including motor protector)
GB/T 14048.9 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Section 6-2: Multiple function equipment control and protective switching devices (or equipment) (CPS)
GB 14050 Types and safety technical requirements of system earthing
GB/T 14285 Technical code for relaying protection and security automatic equipment
GB/T 16895.3 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
GB/T 16895.22 Electrical installations of buildings - Part 5-53: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Isolation, switching and control - Section 534: Devices for protection against overvoltages
GB/T 16916.1 Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCB) - Part 1:General rules
GB/T 16917.1 Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles requirements and tests
GB/T 17045-2020 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
GB 18384-2020 Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB/T 18487.2-2017 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 2: EMC requirements for off-board electric vehicle supply equipment
GB/T 18802.11 Low-voltage surge protective devices (SPD) - Part 11: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems - Requirements and test methods
GB/T 18802.21 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 21: Surge protective devices connected to telecommunications and signaling networks - Performance requirements and testing methods
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 20234.1-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 20234.2-2015 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 2: AC charging coupler
GB/T 20234.3-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 3: DC charging coupler
GB/T 20234.4-2023 Connection set of conductive charging for electric vehicles - Part 4: High power DC charging coupler
GB/T 21711.1-2008 Electromechanical elementary relays - Part 1: General and safety requirements
GB/T 22794 Type F and type B residual current operated circuit-breakers with and without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses
GB/T 27930-2023 Digital communication protocols between off-board conductive charger and electric vehicle
GB/T 29317-2021 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure
GB/T 32694-2021 Plug-in hybrid electric passenger cars - Specifications
GB/T 40432 Conductive on-board charger for electric vehicles
GB/T 40820-2021 Residual direct current detecting device (RDC-DD) to be used for mode 3 charging of electric vehicles
GB/T 41589 In-cable control and protection device for mode 2 charging of electric road vehicles (IC-CPD)
GB 50057-2010 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
DL/T 584 Setting guide for 3kV~110kV power system protection equipment
DL/T 621 Grounding for AC electrical installations
NB/T 10202 Plugs with thermal protection function for charging mode 2 of electric vehicles
NB/T 10902 20kW and below off-board DC charger technical conditions and installation requirements
NB/T 33001-2018 Specification for electric vehicle off-board conductive charger
NB/T 33002-2018 Specification for electric vehicle AC charging spot
ISO 17049:2020 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Conductive power transfer - Safety requirements
IEC 6247-1:2016 Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment - Part 1: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596-2017, G9/T 20234.4-2023, GB/T 29317-2021, GB/T 32694-2021 and the following apply.
3.1 charging/bi-directional charging system
3.1.1 charging
provision of electric energy for the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicles after regulation of AC or DC supply network (power supply) to an appropriate voltage/current
3.1.2 bi-directional charging
provision of electric energy for the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicles after regulation of AC or DC supply network (power supply) to an appropriate voltage/current, or output to AC or DC supply network (power supply) after regulation of electric vehicle taken as power supply to an appropriate voltage/current, or provision of electric energy for load, etc.
3.1.3 conductive charge
mode of charging batteries by electrical conduction
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.4.2.1]
3.1.4 charging modes
modes to supply power to an electric vehicle by connection of an electric vehicle to supply network (power supply)
Note: Mode 1, mode 2, mode 3 and mode 4 are also applicable to bi-directional charging.
3.1.4.1 mode 1
mode in which plugs and socket-outlets conforming to GB/T 2099.1 and GB/T 1002 are used on the power supply side, and line, neutral and earthing protection conductors are used on the power supply side where the electric vehicle is connected to the AC supply network (power supply)
3.1.4.2 mode 2
mode in which standard plug/socket-outlet, as well as phase wires, neutral wires and protective earthing conductors, is used on the power supply side and in-cable control and protection device is used in charging connection when an electric vehicle is connected to the supply network (power supply)
3.1.4.3 mode 3
mode in which special power supply equipment is used to connect the electric vehicle directly with the AC supply network, and a control pilot device is installed on the special supply equipment when an electric vehicle is connected to the supply network (power supply)
3.1.4.4 mode 4
mode in which DC supply equipment with control pilot function is used when an electric vehicle is connected to supply network (power supply)
3.1.5 type of connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to the supply network using cable and connector
3.1.5.1 case A connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to supply network/supply equipment using cable assembly with standard plug/EV plug which is permanently connected with the electric vehicle, as shown in Figure 1
Key:
——Connecting point.
Note: Cable assembly is part of the electric vehicle.
Figure 1 Case A connection
3.1.5.2 case B connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to supply network/supply equipment using independent detachable cable assembly with vehicle connector and standard plug/EV plug, as shown in Figure 2
Key:
——Connecting point.
Note: Detachable cable assembly is not part of the electric vehicle or supply equipment.
Figure 2 Case B connection
3.1.5.3 case C connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to supply network using cable assembly with vehicle connector that is permanently connected with the supply equipment, as shown in Figure 3
Contents
Foreword I
Introduction VIII
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 General requirements for charging system
6 Communications
7 Protection against electric shock
8 Connection between EV and EV energy transfer equipment
9 Vehicle adaptor
10 Special requirements for vehicle coupler and EV plug and socket-outlet
11 Structural requirements for EV energy transfer equipment
12 Performance requirements for EV energy transfer equipment
13 Overload protection and short-circuit protection
14 Emergency shutdown
15 Service conditions
16 Maintenance
17 Marking and instructions
Annex A (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for AC charging
Annex B (Normative) DC charging control pilot circuit and control principle using a charging connection set specified in GB/T 202
Annex C (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle at DC charging with charging connection set specified in GB/T 202
Annex D (Informative) Adaptive switching of vehicle power supply circuit voltage
Annex E (Informative) Technical solution for V2G DC bi-directional charging with charging connection set specified in GB/T 202
Annex F (Normative) DC charging technology of multiple vehicle couplers
Annex G (Normative) Compatible technical solution for DC charging with vehicle adaptor specified in GB/T 202
Annex H (Informative) Compatible technical solution for DC charging applicable to charging systems of CHAdeMO 2.x or below and CCS charging systems
Annex I (Normative) Locking device for charging connection set
Annex J (Informative) Principles of pulse heating control with charging connection sets specified in GB/T 202
Bibliography
GB/T 18487.1-2023/XG1-2026 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies the classification, general requirements, communication, protection against electric shock, connection between electric vehicle and EV energy transfer equipment, vehicle adaptor, special requirements for vehicle coupler and EV plug and socket-outlet, structural and performance requirements for EV energy transfer equipment, overload protection and short-circuit protection, emergency shutdown, service conditions, maintenance, marking and instructions of electric vehicle conductive charging system.
Note 1: In case of no confusion, the "EV energy transfer equipment" herein is referred to collectively as "supply equipment".
This document is applicable to current-controlled and/or voltage-controlled off-board conductive supply equipment to realize unidirectional/bi-directional energy flow between the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicles and the supply network (power supply). The rated voltage on the supply network side (side A) does not exceed 1,000V AC or 1,500V DC, and the rated maximum voltage on the electric vehicle side (side B) does not exceed 1,000V AC or 1,500V DC.
This document is also applicable to supply equipment that gets energy from field energy storage systems (such as buffer batteries).
This document is applicable to off-vehicle-chargeable electric vehicles or bi-directional charging electric vehicles, including conductive charging or bi-directional charging systems of battery electric vehicles, off-vehicle-chargeable hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles.
This document may be used as reference for the conductive charging or bi-directional charging systems of trams, railway rolling stock, industrial trucks, etc.
This document is not applicable to the safety requirements related to the maintenance of conductive charging/bi-directional charging systems of electric vehicles, the on-board charging equipment specified in GB/T 40432, or trolley buses.
See relevant standards of electric vehicles for the requirements of components other than the key components of electric vehicles specified in this document (vehicle inlet on vehicle side, control pilot circuit and EV disconnection device).
Note 2: See GB/T 18487.2-2017 for EMC requirements for off-board EV supply equipment.
Note 3: See GB/T 40425 (all parts) for the requirements of top contact charging system.
Note 4: See GB/T 41589 for the requirements of in-cable control and protection device for mode 2 (IC-CPD).
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 1002 Single phase plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GB/T 1003 Three phases plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Types, basic parameters and dimensions
GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 2423.3 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic products - Test Ca: Damp heat, steady state
GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle)
GB/T 7251.1-2013 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 10963.1 Electrical accessories - Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installations - Part 1: Circuit-breakers for a.c. operation
GB/T 10963 (all parts) Electrical accessories - Circuit-breakers for overcurrent protection for household and similar installations
GB/T 11918.1 Plugs, socket-outlet and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 11918.2 Plug, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 2: Dimensional compatibility and interchangeability requirements for pin and contact-tube accessories
GB/T 12113-2003 Methods of measurement of touch current and protective conductor current
GB/T 13539 (all parts) Low-voltage fuses
GB/T 13870.1-2022 Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects
GB/T 13870.2-2016 Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 2: Special aspects
GB/T 14048.2 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 2: Circuit-breakers
GB/T 14048.3 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 3: Switches, disconnectors, switch-disconnectors and fuse-combination units
GB/T 14048.4 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters - Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (Including motor protector)
GB/T 14048.9 Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Section 6-2: Multiple function equipment control and protective switching devices (or equipment) (CPS)
GB 14050 Types and safety technical requirements of system earthing
GB/T 14285 Technical code for relaying protection and security automatic equipment
GB/T 16895.3 Low-voltage electrical installations - Part 5-54: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Earthing arrangements and protective conductors
GB/T 16895.22 Electrical installations of buildings - Part 5-53: Selection and erection of electrical equipment - Isolation, switching and control - Section 534: Devices for protection against overvoltages
GB/T 16916.1 Residual current operated circuit-breakers without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCCB) - Part 1:General rules
GB/T 16917.1 Residual current operated circuit-breakers with integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses (RCBOs) - Part 1: General rules
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems - Part 1: Principles requirements and tests
GB/T 17045-2020 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
GB 18384-2020 Electric vehicles safety requirements
GB/T 18487.2-2017 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 2: EMC requirements for off-board electric vehicle supply equipment
GB/T 18802.11 Low-voltage surge protective devices (SPD) - Part 11: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems - Requirements and test methods
GB/T 18802.21 Low-voltage surge protective devices - Part 21: Surge protective devices connected to telecommunications and signaling networks - Performance requirements and testing methods
GB/T 19596-2017 Terminology of electric vehicles
GB/T 20234.1-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 1: General requirements
GB/T 20234.2-2015 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 2: AC charging coupler
GB/T 20234.3-2023 Connection set for conductive charging of electric vehicles - Part 3: DC charging coupler
GB/T 20234.4-2023 Connection set of conductive charging for electric vehicles - Part 4: High power DC charging coupler
GB/T 21711.1-2008 Electromechanical elementary relays - Part 1: General and safety requirements
GB/T 22794 Type F and type B residual current operated circuit-breakers with and without integral overcurrent protection for household and similar uses
GB/T 27930-2023 Digital communication protocols between off-board conductive charger and electric vehicle
GB/T 29317-2021 Terminology of electric vehicle charging/battery swap infrastructure
GB/T 32694-2021 Plug-in hybrid electric passenger cars - Specifications
GB/T 40432 Conductive on-board charger for electric vehicles
GB/T 40820-2021 Residual direct current detecting device (RDC-DD) to be used for mode 3 charging of electric vehicles
GB/T 41589 In-cable control and protection device for mode 2 charging of electric road vehicles (IC-CPD)
GB 50057-2010 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
DL/T 584 Setting guide for 3kV~110kV power system protection equipment
DL/T 621 Grounding for AC electrical installations
NB/T 10202 Plugs with thermal protection function for charging mode 2 of electric vehicles
NB/T 10902 20kW and below off-board DC charger technical conditions and installation requirements
NB/T 33001-2018 Specification for electric vehicle off-board conductive charger
NB/T 33002-2018 Specification for electric vehicle AC charging spot
ISO 17049:2020 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Conductive power transfer - Safety requirements
IEC 6247-1:2016 Safety requirements for power electronic converter systems and equipment - Part 1: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 19596-2017, G9/T 20234.4-2023, GB/T 29317-2021, GB/T 32694-2021 and the following apply.
3.1 charging/bi-directional charging system
3.1.1 charging
provision of electric energy for the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicles after regulation of AC or DC supply network (power supply) to an appropriate voltage/current
3.1.2 bi-directional charging
provision of electric energy for the rechargeable electrical energy storage system of electric vehicles after regulation of AC or DC supply network (power supply) to an appropriate voltage/current, or output to AC or DC supply network (power supply) after regulation of electric vehicle taken as power supply to an appropriate voltage/current, or provision of electric energy for load, etc.
3.1.3 conductive charge
mode of charging batteries by electrical conduction
[Source: GB/T 19596-2017, 3.4.2.1]
3.1.4 charging modes
modes to supply power to an electric vehicle by connection of an electric vehicle to supply network (power supply)
Note: Mode 1, mode 2, mode 3 and mode 4 are also applicable to bi-directional charging.
3.1.4.1 mode 1
mode in which plugs and socket-outlets conforming to GB/T 2099.1 and GB/T 1002 are used on the power supply side, and line, neutral and earthing protection conductors are used on the power supply side where the electric vehicle is connected to the AC supply network (power supply)
3.1.4.2 mode 2
mode in which standard plug/socket-outlet, as well as phase wires, neutral wires and protective earthing conductors, is used on the power supply side and in-cable control and protection device is used in charging connection when an electric vehicle is connected to the supply network (power supply)
3.1.4.3 mode 3
mode in which special power supply equipment is used to connect the electric vehicle directly with the AC supply network, and a control pilot device is installed on the special supply equipment when an electric vehicle is connected to the supply network (power supply)
3.1.4.4 mode 4
mode in which DC supply equipment with control pilot function is used when an electric vehicle is connected to supply network (power supply)
3.1.5 type of connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to the supply network using cable and connector
3.1.5.1 case A connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to supply network/supply equipment using cable assembly with standard plug/EV plug which is permanently connected with the electric vehicle, as shown in Figure 1
Key:
——Connecting point.
Note: Cable assembly is part of the electric vehicle.
Figure 1 Case A connection
3.1.5.2 case B connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to supply network/supply equipment using independent detachable cable assembly with vehicle connector and standard plug/EV plug, as shown in Figure 2
Key:
——Connecting point.
Note: Detachable cable assembly is not part of the electric vehicle or supply equipment.
Figure 2 Case B connection
3.1.5.3 case C connection
method of connecting an electric vehicle to supply network using cable assembly with vehicle connector that is permanently connected with the supply equipment, as shown in Figure 3
Contents of GB/T 18487.1-2023/XG1-2026
Contents
Foreword I
Introduction VIII
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Classification
5 General requirements for charging system
6 Communications
7 Protection against electric shock
8 Connection between EV and EV energy transfer equipment
9 Vehicle adaptor
10 Special requirements for vehicle coupler and EV plug and socket-outlet
11 Structural requirements for EV energy transfer equipment
12 Performance requirements for EV energy transfer equipment
13 Overload protection and short-circuit protection
14 Emergency shutdown
15 Service conditions
16 Maintenance
17 Marking and instructions
Annex A (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle for AC charging
Annex B (Normative) DC charging control pilot circuit and control principle using a charging connection set specified in GB/T 202
Annex C (Normative) Control pilot circuit and control principle at DC charging with charging connection set specified in GB/T 202
Annex D (Informative) Adaptive switching of vehicle power supply circuit voltage
Annex E (Informative) Technical solution for V2G DC bi-directional charging with charging connection set specified in GB/T 202
Annex F (Normative) DC charging technology of multiple vehicle couplers
Annex G (Normative) Compatible technical solution for DC charging with vehicle adaptor specified in GB/T 202
Annex H (Informative) Compatible technical solution for DC charging applicable to charging systems of CHAdeMO 2.x or below and CCS charging systems
Annex I (Normative) Locking device for charging connection set
Annex J (Informative) Principles of pulse heating control with charging connection sets specified in GB/T 202
Bibliography
