GB/T 2423 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods is divided into several parts according to test methods.
This is Part 35 of GB/T 2423.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 2423.35-2005 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products- Part 2: Test Methods-Test Z/AFc: Combined cold/vibration(sinusoidal) tests for both heat-dissipating and non-heat-dissipating specimens, GB/T 2423.36—2005 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test Methods - Test Z/BFc: Combined dry heat/vibration(vibration)(sinusoidal) tests for both heat-dissipating and non-heat-dissipating specimens, and GB/T 2424.22-1986 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic products; Guidance for combined temperature (cold and heat) vibration (sinusoidal) tests. This part integrates the contents of GB/T 2423.35-2005, GB/T 2423.36-2005 and GB/T 2424.22-1986. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 2423.35-2005, GB/T 2423.36-2005 and GB/T 2424.22-1986:
——the applicable scope of the test is expanded, it allows for the possibility to conduct combined test using different kinds of vibration excitation – sine, random or mixed mode – or shocks, with climatic conditions – high and low temperature, change of temperature or constant and cyclic damp heat.
——the details of the test requirements in the original standard are not described in this part.
This part, by means of translation, is identical to IEC 60068-2-53: 2010 Environmental testing - Part 2-53: Tests and guidance - Combined climatic (temperature/humidity) and dynamic (vibration/shock) tests
The Chinese documents identical to the normative international documents given in this part are as follows:
——GB/T 2421.1-2008 Environmental testing - General and guidance (IEC 60068-1: 1988, IDT);
——GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1: 2007, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2-2: 2007, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.3-2016 Environmental testing - Part 2: Testing method - Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state (IEC 60068-2-78: 2012, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30: 2005, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.5-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Ea and guidance: Shock (IEC 60068-2-27: 2008, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.10-2019 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests methods - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6: 2008, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.22-2012 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests methods - Test N: Change of temperature (IEC 60068-2-14: 2009, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.56-2018 Environmental testing-Part 2: Test methods - Test Fh: Vibration, broadband random and guidance (IEC 60068-2-64: 2008, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.58-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Tests -Test Fi: Vibration - Mixed Mode (IEC 60068-2-80: 2005, IDT)
For the convenience of use, the following editorial changes are made in this part:
——the name of this standard is modified;
——In Table 1, “×” is replaces by “√”
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Electric and Electronic Product Environment Technology of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 8).
The previous editions replaced by this part are as follows:
——GB/T 2423.35—1986, GB/T 2423.35—2005;
——GB/T 2423.36—1986, GB/T 2423.36—2005;
——GB/T 2424.22—1986.
Introduction
Equipment and components are required to function without significant reduction in performance when subjected to different environmental parameters.
The type and severity of the environmental parameters depend on the operational, transport and storage environments to which the equipment and components are subjected. The environmental effects on the performance of equipments in the tropics and subtropics are totally different from those in arctic regions. Individual parameters cause a variety of different and overlapping effects on the equipment and components. The manufacturer and the user expect that equipment and components will survive the environments to which they will be subjected. This expectation may be assessed by exposure of the specimen to a range of simulated environmental parameters controlled in the laboratory. The severity of the environmental parameters is often increased to obtain meaningful results in a relatively short period of time. This allows assessment of the likely effects of applied environmental conditions.
The combination of temperature, humidity and vibration occurs especially in the domains of automotive, rail and aerospace environments.
Environmental testing—Part 2: Tests and guidance—
Combined climatic (temperature/humidity) and dynamic (vibration/shock) test
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 2423 provides the test methods and guidance for testing equipment or components under combined climatic and dynamic conditions.
The purpose of combined testing is to investigate to what extent the equipment or components are affected by combined climatic and dynamic tests.
The method of combined tests applies to detecting electrical, mechanical or other physical variations.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-1 Environmental testing—Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1 Environmental testing—Part 2-1: Tests—Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2 Environmental testing—Part 2-2: Tests—Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6 Environmental testing—Part 2-6: Tests—Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-14 Environmental testing—Part 2-14: Tests—Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-27 Environmental testing—Part 2-27: Tests—Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-30 Environmental testing—Part 2-30: Tests—Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h+ 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068-2-64 Environmental testing—Part 2-64: Tests—Test Fh: Vibration, broadband random(digital control)and guidance
IEC 60068-2-78 Environmental testing—Part 2-78: Tests Test Cab, Damp heat, steady state
IEC 60068-2-80 Environmental testing—Part 2-80: Tests—Test Fi: Vibration—Mixed mode
3 Testing
3.1 General
All parameters such as temperatures, cold, dry heat, temperature change, type of vibration, exposure time to temperature, exposure time to vibration, number of shocks, repetition time of shocks, axis of shock or vibration, state of operation and so on, shall be selected from the relevant IEC 60068-2 standards or relevant specification.
The combinations of environmental conditions shall be selected to ensure that electrical and mechanical performances of the specimen are satisfactory under storage, transportation and operational conditions.
Certain combinations of possible tests shown in Table 1 may not be practicable. Examples of these include the following:
——full sweep of sinusoidal vibration spectrum not completed during change of temperature or temperature cycling;
——temperature stabilization of dynamic non linear systems, e.g. anti-vibration mounts during vibration with change of temperature or temperature cycling;
——full cycle of mixed mode vibration during change of temperature or temperature cycling.
Table 1 Allowable combinations of IEC standards
Climatic tests Dynamic tests
Shock
IEC 60068-2-27 Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-6 Vibration (broad band random)
IEC 60068-2-64 Vibration (mixed mode)
IEC 60068-2-80
Cold
IEC 60068-2-1 √ √ √ √
Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-2 √ √ √ √
Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-14 √ √ √ √
Damp heat, cyclic
IEC 60068-2-30 √ √ √ √
Damp heat, constant
IEC 60068-2-78 √ √ √ √
Specimens may be repositioned for shock or vibration along another axis at standard climatic conditions according to IEC 60068-1, as required by the relevant specification. The dynamic test shall be continued when the required test temperature and humidity have been reached.
3.2 Temperature information
If cold or dry heat temperature testing is required, the exposure time shall not commence until all parts of the specimen have reached a temperature within at least 3K of the working space temperature. For heat-dissipating specimens, the period of exposure shall not begin until the temperature of the specimens changes not more than 1K within 1h at the stabilized working space temperature. The last hour of the temperature-soaking time shall be considered to be the first hour of the exposure period.
If a damp heat constant testing is required, the exposure time shall not commence until all parts of the specimen have reached a temperature within at least 3K of the temperature, and a relative humidity within 3% of the humidity, within the working space of the test chamber.
For heat-dissipating specimens, the period of exposure shall not begin until the temperature of the specimens changes not more than 1K within 1h at the stabilized working space temperature. The last hour of the temperature-soaking time shall be considered to be the first hour of the exposure period.
If slow temperature change test or damp heat cyclic test is performed, the required exposure time starts with the beginning of temperature change.
If the specimen is mounted on shock absorbers, time shall be given for temperature stabilization of the absorber elements.
3.3 Dynamic test information
The relevant specification shall contain dynamic test information, which includes following details (see also Clause 5):
a) identification of dynamic test ( such as sinusoidal, random, mixed mode vibration or impact);
b) severities of dynamic stress;
c) axis and directions of dynamic stress;
d) duration and timing of dynamic stress (see Annex A);
e) IEC 60068-2-47 shall be referred to concerning mounting of specimen;
f) other details specified in the reference standards.
3.4 Initial measurement and functional performance test
The specimen shall be submitted to the visual, dimensional, functional and any other checks prescribed by the relevant specification.
3.5 Operating condition of specimen
In the case of electrically-operated specimens, the times at which the power supply shall be powered on or off and the voltage of the power supply within each temperature cycle shall be specified in the relevant specification.
The times at which other functions such as cooling, heating and various loads are switched on or off shall be stipulated in the relevant specification or controlled by a special type of test equipment.
3.6 Mechanical conditioning of specimen
The mechanical conditioning of the specimen per cycle shall preferably be performed in the last hour of the hot or cold phase, i.e. prior to the changeover to the following limit temperature, or shall be performed in any other combination which can be defined in the relevant specification. If the specimen is operated by power supply, this shall be connected for the duration of the mechanical conditioning.
4 Final measurements
The specimen shall be submitted to the visual, dimensional and functional checks prescribed by the relevant specification.
The relevant specification shall provide the criteria upon which the acceptance or rejection of the specimen is to be based.
5 Information to be given in the relevant specification
The relevant specification shall contain the following details as far as they are applicable:
a) exposure time to temperature;
b) test chamber temperature change rate;
c) test temperature;
d) number of temperature cycles;
e) combined test schedule;
f) vibration severity;
g) number of cycles, by damp heat, cyclic;
h) shock severity;
i) axis and directions of shock and/or vibration;
j) state of operation;
k) number of specimens,
l) humidity if relevant for combined test;
m) preconditioning;
n) type and scope of initial measurement;
o) period of operation;
p) type and scope of intermediate measurement;
q) recovery;
r) type and scope of final measurement;
s) criteria for evaluation;
t) type and scope of test report.
6 Information to be given in the test report
When this test included in the relevant specification, the following details shall be given where applicable:
a) customer (name and address);
b) test laboratory (name, address and details of accreditation – if any);
c) test dates (dates when test was run);
d) type of test (kind of vibration or shock, cold or dry heat, slow temperature change, damp heat, cyclic or constant);
e) required values (temperature, humidity, acceleration, frequency range, etc.);
f) purpose of test (development, qualification, etc.);
g) test standard, edition;
h) relevant laboratory test procedure (code and issue);
i) test specimen description (drawing, photo, quantity build status, etc.);
j) test chamber and vibration system identity (manufacturer, model number, unique id, etc.);
k) performance of test apparatus (set point temperature control, set point acceleration control, air flow, etc.);
l) air velocity and direction (air velocity and direction of incident air to the specimen);
m) uncertainties of measurement system (uncertainties data, including temperature stability of transducer sensitivities);
n) Calibration data (last and next due date);
o) initial, intermediate and final measurements (initial, intermediate and final measurements);
p) required severities (from relevant specification);
q) test severities (measuring points, data, etc.);
r) performance of test specimens (results of functional tests etc.);
s) observations during testing and actions taken (any pertinent observations);
t) summary of test (test summary);
u) distribution (distribution list).
Foreword I
Introduction III
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Testing
4 Final measurements
5 Information to be given in the relevant specification
6 Information to be given in the test report
Annex A (informative) Examples of test sequences
Annex B (informative) Guidance on combined climatic and dynamic testing
Bibliography
GB/T 2423 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods is divided into several parts according to test methods.
This is Part 35 of GB/T 2423.
This part is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This part replaces GB/T 2423.35-2005 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products- Part 2: Test Methods-Test Z/AFc: Combined cold/vibration(sinusoidal) tests for both heat-dissipating and non-heat-dissipating specimens, GB/T 2423.36—2005 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test Methods - Test Z/BFc: Combined dry heat/vibration(vibration)(sinusoidal) tests for both heat-dissipating and non-heat-dissipating specimens, and GB/T 2424.22-1986 Basic environmental testing procedures for electric and electronic products; Guidance for combined temperature (cold and heat) vibration (sinusoidal) tests. This part integrates the contents of GB/T 2423.35-2005, GB/T 2423.36-2005 and GB/T 2424.22-1986. The following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 2423.35-2005, GB/T 2423.36-2005 and GB/T 2424.22-1986:
——the applicable scope of the test is expanded, it allows for the possibility to conduct combined test using different kinds of vibration excitation – sine, random or mixed mode – or shocks, with climatic conditions – high and low temperature, change of temperature or constant and cyclic damp heat.
——the details of the test requirements in the original standard are not described in this part.
This part, by means of translation, is identical to IEC 60068-2-53: 2010 Environmental testing - Part 2-53: Tests and guidance - Combined climatic (temperature/humidity) and dynamic (vibration/shock) tests
The Chinese documents identical to the normative international documents given in this part are as follows:
——GB/T 2421.1-2008 Environmental testing - General and guidance (IEC 60068-1: 1988, IDT);
——GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold (IEC 60068-2-1: 2007, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests B: Dry heat (IEC 60068-2-2: 2007, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.3-2016 Environmental testing - Part 2: Testing method - Test Cab: Damp heat, steady state (IEC 60068-2-78: 2012, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle) (IEC 60068-2-30: 2005, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.5-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Test Ea and guidance: Shock (IEC 60068-2-27: 2008, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.10-2019 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests methods - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6: 2008, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.22-2012 Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests methods - Test N: Change of temperature (IEC 60068-2-14: 2009, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.56-2018 Environmental testing-Part 2: Test methods - Test Fh: Vibration, broadband random and guidance (IEC 60068-2-64: 2008, IDT)
——GB/T 2423.58-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Tests -Test Fi: Vibration - Mixed Mode (IEC 60068-2-80: 2005, IDT)
For the convenience of use, the following editorial changes are made in this part:
——the name of this standard is modified;
——In Table 1, “×” is replaces by “√”
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Electric and Electronic Product Environment Technology of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 8).
The previous editions replaced by this part are as follows:
——GB/T 2423.35—1986, GB/T 2423.35—2005;
——GB/T 2423.36—1986, GB/T 2423.36—2005;
——GB/T 2424.22—1986.
Introduction
Equipment and components are required to function without significant reduction in performance when subjected to different environmental parameters.
The type and severity of the environmental parameters depend on the operational, transport and storage environments to which the equipment and components are subjected. The environmental effects on the performance of equipments in the tropics and subtropics are totally different from those in arctic regions. Individual parameters cause a variety of different and overlapping effects on the equipment and components. The manufacturer and the user expect that equipment and components will survive the environments to which they will be subjected. This expectation may be assessed by exposure of the specimen to a range of simulated environmental parameters controlled in the laboratory. The severity of the environmental parameters is often increased to obtain meaningful results in a relatively short period of time. This allows assessment of the likely effects of applied environmental conditions.
The combination of temperature, humidity and vibration occurs especially in the domains of automotive, rail and aerospace environments.
Environmental testing—Part 2: Tests and guidance—
Combined climatic (temperature/humidity) and dynamic (vibration/shock) test
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 2423 provides the test methods and guidance for testing equipment or components under combined climatic and dynamic conditions.
The purpose of combined testing is to investigate to what extent the equipment or components are affected by combined climatic and dynamic tests.
The method of combined tests applies to detecting electrical, mechanical or other physical variations.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-1 Environmental testing—Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60068-2-1 Environmental testing—Part 2-1: Tests—Test A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2 Environmental testing—Part 2-2: Tests—Test B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6 Environmental testing—Part 2-6: Tests—Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-14 Environmental testing—Part 2-14: Tests—Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-27 Environmental testing—Part 2-27: Tests—Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-30 Environmental testing—Part 2-30: Tests—Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12 h+ 12 h cycle)
IEC 60068-2-64 Environmental testing—Part 2-64: Tests—Test Fh: Vibration, broadband random(digital control)and guidance
IEC 60068-2-78 Environmental testing—Part 2-78: Tests Test Cab, Damp heat, steady state
IEC 60068-2-80 Environmental testing—Part 2-80: Tests—Test Fi: Vibration—Mixed mode
3 Testing
3.1 General
All parameters such as temperatures, cold, dry heat, temperature change, type of vibration, exposure time to temperature, exposure time to vibration, number of shocks, repetition time of shocks, axis of shock or vibration, state of operation and so on, shall be selected from the relevant IEC 60068-2 standards or relevant specification.
The combinations of environmental conditions shall be selected to ensure that electrical and mechanical performances of the specimen are satisfactory under storage, transportation and operational conditions.
Certain combinations of possible tests shown in Table 1 may not be practicable. Examples of these include the following:
——full sweep of sinusoidal vibration spectrum not completed during change of temperature or temperature cycling;
——temperature stabilization of dynamic non linear systems, e.g. anti-vibration mounts during vibration with change of temperature or temperature cycling;
——full cycle of mixed mode vibration during change of temperature or temperature cycling.
Table 1 Allowable combinations of IEC standards
Climatic tests Dynamic tests
Shock
IEC 60068-2-27 Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-6 Vibration (broad band random)
IEC 60068-2-64 Vibration (mixed mode)
IEC 60068-2-80
Cold
IEC 60068-2-1 √ √ √ √
Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-2 √ √ √ √
Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-14 √ √ √ √
Damp heat, cyclic
IEC 60068-2-30 √ √ √ √
Damp heat, constant
IEC 60068-2-78 √ √ √ √
Specimens may be repositioned for shock or vibration along another axis at standard climatic conditions according to IEC 60068-1, as required by the relevant specification. The dynamic test shall be continued when the required test temperature and humidity have been reached.
3.2 Temperature information
If cold or dry heat temperature testing is required, the exposure time shall not commence until all parts of the specimen have reached a temperature within at least 3K of the working space temperature. For heat-dissipating specimens, the period of exposure shall not begin until the temperature of the specimens changes not more than 1K within 1h at the stabilized working space temperature. The last hour of the temperature-soaking time shall be considered to be the first hour of the exposure period.
If a damp heat constant testing is required, the exposure time shall not commence until all parts of the specimen have reached a temperature within at least 3K of the temperature, and a relative humidity within 3% of the humidity, within the working space of the test chamber.
For heat-dissipating specimens, the period of exposure shall not begin until the temperature of the specimens changes not more than 1K within 1h at the stabilized working space temperature. The last hour of the temperature-soaking time shall be considered to be the first hour of the exposure period.
If slow temperature change test or damp heat cyclic test is performed, the required exposure time starts with the beginning of temperature change.
If the specimen is mounted on shock absorbers, time shall be given for temperature stabilization of the absorber elements.
3.3 Dynamic test information
The relevant specification shall contain dynamic test information, which includes following details (see also Clause 5):
a) identification of dynamic test ( such as sinusoidal, random, mixed mode vibration or impact);
b) severities of dynamic stress;
c) axis and directions of dynamic stress;
d) duration and timing of dynamic stress (see Annex A);
e) IEC 60068-2-47 shall be referred to concerning mounting of specimen;
f) other details specified in the reference standards.
3.4 Initial measurement and functional performance test
The specimen shall be submitted to the visual, dimensional, functional and any other checks prescribed by the relevant specification.
3.5 Operating condition of specimen
In the case of electrically-operated specimens, the times at which the power supply shall be powered on or off and the voltage of the power supply within each temperature cycle shall be specified in the relevant specification.
The times at which other functions such as cooling, heating and various loads are switched on or off shall be stipulated in the relevant specification or controlled by a special type of test equipment.
3.6 Mechanical conditioning of specimen
The mechanical conditioning of the specimen per cycle shall preferably be performed in the last hour of the hot or cold phase, i.e. prior to the changeover to the following limit temperature, or shall be performed in any other combination which can be defined in the relevant specification. If the specimen is operated by power supply, this shall be connected for the duration of the mechanical conditioning.
4 Final measurements
The specimen shall be submitted to the visual, dimensional and functional checks prescribed by the relevant specification.
The relevant specification shall provide the criteria upon which the acceptance or rejection of the specimen is to be based.
5 Information to be given in the relevant specification
The relevant specification shall contain the following details as far as they are applicable:
a) exposure time to temperature;
b) test chamber temperature change rate;
c) test temperature;
d) number of temperature cycles;
e) combined test schedule;
f) vibration severity;
g) number of cycles, by damp heat, cyclic;
h) shock severity;
i) axis and directions of shock and/or vibration;
j) state of operation;
k) number of specimens,
l) humidity if relevant for combined test;
m) preconditioning;
n) type and scope of initial measurement;
o) period of operation;
p) type and scope of intermediate measurement;
q) recovery;
r) type and scope of final measurement;
s) criteria for evaluation;
t) type and scope of test report.
6 Information to be given in the test report
When this test included in the relevant specification, the following details shall be given where applicable:
a) customer (name and address);
b) test laboratory (name, address and details of accreditation – if any);
c) test dates (dates when test was run);
d) type of test (kind of vibration or shock, cold or dry heat, slow temperature change, damp heat, cyclic or constant);
e) required values (temperature, humidity, acceleration, frequency range, etc.);
f) purpose of test (development, qualification, etc.);
g) test standard, edition;
h) relevant laboratory test procedure (code and issue);
i) test specimen description (drawing, photo, quantity build status, etc.);
j) test chamber and vibration system identity (manufacturer, model number, unique id, etc.);
k) performance of test apparatus (set point temperature control, set point acceleration control, air flow, etc.);
l) air velocity and direction (air velocity and direction of incident air to the specimen);
m) uncertainties of measurement system (uncertainties data, including temperature stability of transducer sensitivities);
n) Calibration data (last and next due date);
o) initial, intermediate and final measurements (initial, intermediate and final measurements);
p) required severities (from relevant specification);
q) test severities (measuring points, data, etc.);
r) performance of test specimens (results of functional tests etc.);
s) observations during testing and actions taken (any pertinent observations);
t) summary of test (test summary);
u) distribution (distribution list).
Contents of GB/T 2423.35-2019
Foreword I
Introduction III
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Testing
4 Final measurements
5 Information to be given in the relevant specification
6 Information to be given in the test report
Annex A (informative) Examples of test sequences
Annex B (informative) Guidance on combined climatic and dynamic testing
Bibliography
