GB/T 25684.14-2023 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 14: Requirements for compact tool carriers
1 Scope
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its scope (see GB/T 25684.1-2021, Annex A) when used as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from relevant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance.
This document gives the safety requirements specific to compact tool carriers. It is intended to be used in conjunction with GB/T 25684.1, which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving machine families. The specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of GB/T 25684.1.
This document is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 25684.1-2021 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 20474-1:2017, IDT)
ISO 2330 Fork-lift trucks - Fork arms - Technical characteristics and testing
Note: GB/T 5182-2008, Fork-lift trucks - Fork arms - Technical characteristics and testing (ISO 2330:2002, IDT)
ISO 2867 Earth-moving machinery - Access systems
Note: GB/T 17300-2017, Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2011, IDT)
ISO 3411 Earth-moving machinery - Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope
Note: GB/T 8420-2011, Earth-moving machinery - Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope (ISO 3411:2007, IDT)
ISO 6165 Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and terms and definitions
Note: GB/T 8498-2017, Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and terms and definitions (ISO 6165:2012, IDT)
ISO 6682 Earth-moving machinery - Zones of comfort and reach for controls
Note: GB/T 21935-2008, Earth-moving machinery - Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986, IDT)
ISO 7546 Earth-moving machinery - Loaders and front loading excavator buckets - Volumetric ratings
Note: GB/T 21942-2008, Earth-moving machinery - Loader and front loading excavator buckets - Volumetric ratings (ISO 7546:1983, MOD)
ISO 14397‑1 Earth-moving machinery - Loaders and backhoe loaders - Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load
Note: GB/T 10175.1-2008, Earth-moving machinery - Loaders and backhoe loaders - Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load (ISO 14397-1:2007, IDT)
ISO 20474‑1 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
Note: GB/T 25684-2021, Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 20474-1:2017, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474‑1, ISO 6165 and the following apply.
3.1
compact tool carrier
self‑propelled direct‑control crawler or wheeled machine having a base machine mass of less than 2000 kg, having either a pedestrian operating position or a standing operator platform (3.6) at the rear of the machine and either front‑mounted interchangeable equipment (3.2) or lift arms with a quick coupler capable of coupling to interchangeable, front‑mounted attachments
[SOURCE: GB/T 8498-2017, 4.13, modified]
3.2
interchangeable equipment
equipment that an operator can change using the equipment attaching bracket (3.5) to change the function of the machine
Example: Loader arm frame, dumper body.
3.3
load carrying attachment
attachment that during its normal use would contain or support a payload
Example: Bucket, fork, sweeper bucket, grapple fork, concrete mixer.
3.4
non-load carrying attachment
attachment that during its normal use would not contain or support a payload
Example: Auger, blade, trencher, mower, breaker, tiller, snow blower, soil conditioner.
3.5
equipment attaching bracket
device mounted on the compact tool carrier (3.1) to facilitate the quick interchange of equipment from the base machine
3.6
operator platform
surface provided for a ride‑on, standing operator to operate the compact tool carrier (3.1)
3.7
ground-supported operator platform
operator platform (3.6) that pivots about a connection on the base machine and is supported with one or more trail wheels or skid surfaces that follows the contour of the ground
3.8
powered attachment
attachment that requires power (e.g. hydraulic) from the compact tool carrier (3.1) to operate
4 Safety requirements and protective measures
4.1 General
Compact tool carriers shall comply with the safety requirements and protective measures of ISO 20474‑1, in as far as those are not modified by the specific requirements of this clause.
4.2 Compact tool carriers with operator platform
GB/T 25684.1-2021, 4.2, does not apply to compact tool carriers with operator platform, Compact tool carriers with operator platform is replaced by the following.
a) An operator platform, if provided, shall have
——a durable, slip‑resistance surface,
——a maximum height of 400 mm above the ground reference plane,
——a surface area of at least 1355 cm2 and shall be capable of containing a circle with a minimum diameter of 360 mm or minimum dimensions of 430 mm in width by 315 mm in depth. The operator platform does not need to be continuous in its width, provided the standing area for each foot has a minimum dimension of 160 mm in width.
b) Compact tool carriers with an operator platform shall have a handhold in accordance with ISO 2867 to facilitate ingress and egress from the platform.
c) A ground‑supported or folding operator platform shall automatically lock in the operating position when the operator platform is lowered, or upward rotation of the operator platform shall be limited to provide clearance for the operator between structural components of the base machine and the pivoting platform. Both small and large operator human physical dimensions in accordance with ISO 3411 shall be considered.
If the compact tool carrier with a pedestrian operator position has a provision to add an operator platform, the platform shall be designed to meet the requirements of 4.2.
4.3 Operator's station
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.3.1, shall apply with the exception that compact tool carriers shall not be equipped with a cab or with provisions for fitting a cab.
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.3.2 to 4.3.6, do not apply.
4.4 Operator’s controls and indicators
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.5, shall apply except for GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.5.9, and with the following additions.
a) A suitable device (e.g., handhold) providing a means of support for the operator during machine travel shall be provided. This device may also be used as the handhold in 4.2. If the compact tool carrier is equipped with an operator platform, the device shall not restrict or impede the operator’s access to and from the platform. The device and the control for travel shall be located so the operator’s hand is within the width of the upper structure of the compact tool carrier when the operator grasps the control or device.
b) Controls of the compact tool carrier shall be designed to provide the operator a means of support while operating the travel and work functions.
c) Compact tool carriers intended to operate powered attachments shall comply with the following, if applicable.
1) A means shall be provided to automatically remove power to the attachment when the operator leaves the compact tool carrier’s operator position. Controls that return to their neutral position when the operator releases the control (hold‑to‑run control) meet this requirement. Except for hold‑to‑run controls, reactivation of the attachment shall only be possible by two or more separate and distinct actions by the operator.
2) A means may be provided to allow operation of a powered attachment with the operator not in the compact tool carrier’s operator position. Such means shall require an intentional action by the operator prior to leaving the compact tool carrier’s operator position when the compact tool carrier is stationary.
d) GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.5.10, shall also apply to compact tool carriers with an operator platform.
4.5 Brake systems
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.7, shall apply. If the compact tool carrier has a removable or folding operator platform which allows the machine to be used as a pedestrian‑operated compact tool carrier, the machine shall meet the brake system requirements for a ride‑on machine.
4.6 Visibility
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.8.1, does not apply except that compact tool carriers shall be designed so that the operator has sufficient visibility from the operator's station in relation to the travel and work areas of the machine necessary for its intended use.
4.7 Warning devices and safety signs
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.9, shall apply except that an audible warning device (horn) is not required.
GB/T 25684.14-2023 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 14: Requirements for compact tool carriers
1 Scope
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the earth-moving machinery within its scope (see GB/T 25684.1-2021, Annex A) when used as intended or under conditions of misuse reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It specifies the appropriate technical measures for eliminating or reducing risks arising from relevant hazards, hazardous situations or events during commissioning, operation and maintenance.
This document gives the safety requirements specific to compact tool carriers. It is intended to be used in conjunction with GB/T 25684.1, which specifies general safety requirements common to two or more earth-moving machine families. The specific requirements given in this document take precedence over the general requirements of GB/T 25684.1.
This document is not applicable to machines manufactured before the date of its publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 25684.1-2021 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 20474-1:2017, IDT)
ISO 2330 Fork-lift trucks - Fork arms - Technical characteristics and testing
Note: GB/T 5182-2008, Fork-lift trucks - Fork arms - Technical characteristics and testing (ISO 2330:2002, IDT)
ISO 2867 Earth-moving machinery - Access systems
Note: GB/T 17300-2017, Earth-moving machinery - Access systems (ISO 2867:2011, IDT)
ISO 3411 Earth-moving machinery - Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope
Note: GB/T 8420-2011, Earth-moving machinery - Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space envelope (ISO 3411:2007, IDT)
ISO 6165 Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and terms and definitions
Note: GB/T 8498-2017, Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and terms and definitions (ISO 6165:2012, IDT)
ISO 6682 Earth-moving machinery - Zones of comfort and reach for controls
Note: GB/T 21935-2008, Earth-moving machinery - Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986, IDT)
ISO 7546 Earth-moving machinery - Loaders and front loading excavator buckets - Volumetric ratings
Note: GB/T 21942-2008, Earth-moving machinery - Loader and front loading excavator buckets - Volumetric ratings (ISO 7546:1983, MOD)
ISO 14397‑1 Earth-moving machinery - Loaders and backhoe loaders - Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load
Note: GB/T 10175.1-2008, Earth-moving machinery - Loaders and backhoe loaders - Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load (ISO 14397-1:2007, IDT)
ISO 20474‑1 Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements
Note: GB/T 25684-2021, Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements (ISO 20474-1:2017, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 20474‑1, ISO 6165 and the following apply.
3.1
compact tool carrier
self‑propelled direct‑control crawler or wheeled machine having a base machine mass of less than 2000 kg, having either a pedestrian operating position or a standing operator platform (3.6) at the rear of the machine and either front‑mounted interchangeable equipment (3.2) or lift arms with a quick coupler capable of coupling to interchangeable, front‑mounted attachments
[SOURCE: GB/T 8498-2017, 4.13, modified]
3.2
interchangeable equipment
equipment that an operator can change using the equipment attaching bracket (3.5) to change the function of the machine
Example: Loader arm frame, dumper body.
3.3
load carrying attachment
attachment that during its normal use would contain or support a payload
Example: Bucket, fork, sweeper bucket, grapple fork, concrete mixer.
3.4
non-load carrying attachment
attachment that during its normal use would not contain or support a payload
Example: Auger, blade, trencher, mower, breaker, tiller, snow blower, soil conditioner.
3.5
equipment attaching bracket
device mounted on the compact tool carrier (3.1) to facilitate the quick interchange of equipment from the base machine
3.6
operator platform
surface provided for a ride‑on, standing operator to operate the compact tool carrier (3.1)
3.7
ground-supported operator platform
operator platform (3.6) that pivots about a connection on the base machine and is supported with one or more trail wheels or skid surfaces that follows the contour of the ground
3.8
powered attachment
attachment that requires power (e.g. hydraulic) from the compact tool carrier (3.1) to operate
4 Safety requirements and protective measures
4.1 General
Compact tool carriers shall comply with the safety requirements and protective measures of ISO 20474‑1, in as far as those are not modified by the specific requirements of this clause.
4.2 Compact tool carriers with operator platform
GB/T 25684.1-2021, 4.2, does not apply to compact tool carriers with operator platform, Compact tool carriers with operator platform is replaced by the following.
a) An operator platform, if provided, shall have
——a durable, slip‑resistance surface,
——a maximum height of 400 mm above the ground reference plane,
——a surface area of at least 1355 cm2 and shall be capable of containing a circle with a minimum diameter of 360 mm or minimum dimensions of 430 mm in width by 315 mm in depth. The operator platform does not need to be continuous in its width, provided the standing area for each foot has a minimum dimension of 160 mm in width.
b) Compact tool carriers with an operator platform shall have a handhold in accordance with ISO 2867 to facilitate ingress and egress from the platform.
c) A ground‑supported or folding operator platform shall automatically lock in the operating position when the operator platform is lowered, or upward rotation of the operator platform shall be limited to provide clearance for the operator between structural components of the base machine and the pivoting platform. Both small and large operator human physical dimensions in accordance with ISO 3411 shall be considered.
If the compact tool carrier with a pedestrian operator position has a provision to add an operator platform, the platform shall be designed to meet the requirements of 4.2.
4.3 Operator's station
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.3.1, shall apply with the exception that compact tool carriers shall not be equipped with a cab or with provisions for fitting a cab.
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.3.2 to 4.3.6, do not apply.
4.4 Operator’s controls and indicators
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.5, shall apply except for GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.5.9, and with the following additions.
a) A suitable device (e.g., handhold) providing a means of support for the operator during machine travel shall be provided. This device may also be used as the handhold in 4.2. If the compact tool carrier is equipped with an operator platform, the device shall not restrict or impede the operator’s access to and from the platform. The device and the control for travel shall be located so the operator’s hand is within the width of the upper structure of the compact tool carrier when the operator grasps the control or device.
b) Controls of the compact tool carrier shall be designed to provide the operator a means of support while operating the travel and work functions.
c) Compact tool carriers intended to operate powered attachments shall comply with the following, if applicable.
1) A means shall be provided to automatically remove power to the attachment when the operator leaves the compact tool carrier’s operator position. Controls that return to their neutral position when the operator releases the control (hold‑to‑run control) meet this requirement. Except for hold‑to‑run controls, reactivation of the attachment shall only be possible by two or more separate and distinct actions by the operator.
2) A means may be provided to allow operation of a powered attachment with the operator not in the compact tool carrier’s operator position. Such means shall require an intentional action by the operator prior to leaving the compact tool carrier’s operator position when the compact tool carrier is stationary.
d) GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.5.10, shall also apply to compact tool carriers with an operator platform.
4.5 Brake systems
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.7, shall apply. If the compact tool carrier has a removable or folding operator platform which allows the machine to be used as a pedestrian‑operated compact tool carrier, the machine shall meet the brake system requirements for a ride‑on machine.
4.6 Visibility
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.8.1, does not apply except that compact tool carriers shall be designed so that the operator has sufficient visibility from the operator's station in relation to the travel and work areas of the machine necessary for its intended use.
4.7 Warning devices and safety signs
GB/T 25684.1‑2021, 4.9, shall apply except that an audible warning device (horn) is not required.
