Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements-Part 3: Die grinders
1 Scope
This document specifies safety requirements for hand-held non-electric power tools fitted with collets (hereinafter "die grinders") intended for grinding and surface finishing and chamfering using mounted points, burrs and files and small wire brushes and other accessories mounted on shanks. The die grinders can be powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid or internal combustion engines and are intended to be used by one operator and supported by the operator's hand or hands, with or without a suspension, e.g. a balancer.
Note 1: At the time of publication, no die grinders driven by internal combustion engines are known. Once these are identified, it is intended to amend this document to include such power tools.
This document is applicable to:
- angle die grinders;
- reciprocating files;
- rotary files;
- straight die grinders.
Note 2: For examples of die grinders, see Annex B
Note 3: Grinders without collets, for use with cones and plugs with threaded inserts, are covered by ISO 11148-7.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to die grinders when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, with the exception of the use of die grinders in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Note 4: EN 13463-1 gives requirements for non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010, IDT)
ISO 3857-3 Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines - Vocabulary - Part 3 : Pneumatic tools and machines
Note: GB/T 6247.4-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terminology - Part 4 : Performance test (ISO 3857-3:1989, MOD)
ISO 5391 Pneumatic tools and machines - Vocabulary
Note: GB/T 6247.1-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terminology - Part 1 : Rock drilling machines, pneumatic tools and machines (ISO 5391:2003, MOD)
ISO 13732-1 Erg0-nomies of the thermal environment-Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part 1 : Hot surfaces
ISO 13732-3 Erg0-nomies of the thermal environment-Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part 3 : Cold surfaces
ISO 15744 Hand-held non-electric power tools- -Noise measurement code - Engineering method (grade 2)
Note: GB/T 5898-2008 Hand-held non-electric power tools - Noise measurement code - Engineering method (grade 2) (ISO 15744:2002, IDT)
ISO 17066 Hydraulic tools-Vocabulary
Note: GB/T 6247.2-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terminology - Part 2 : Hydraulic tools (ISO 17066:2007, IDT)
ISO 28927-10 Hand-held portable power tools- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 10 : Percussive drills, hammers and breakers
Note: GB/T 26548.10-2021 Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 10 : Percussive drills, hammers and breakers (ISO 28927-10:2011, IDT)
ISO 28927-12 Hand-held portable power tools- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 12 : Die grinders
Note: GB/T 26548.12-2021 Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 12 : Die grinders (ISO 28927-12:2012, IDT)
EN 12096 Mechanical vibration - Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15706-2012, ISO 3857-3, ISO 5391 and ISO 17056 and the following apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
hand-held power tool
machine operated by one or two hands and driven by rotary or linear motors powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid, gaseous or liquid fuel, electricity or stored energy (e.g. by a spring) to do mechanical work and so designed that the motor and the mechanism form an assembly that can easily be brought to its place of operation
Note: Hand-held power tools driven by compressed air or gas are called pneumatic tools (or air tools). Hand-held power tools driven by hydraulic liquid are called hydraulic tools.
3.1.2
inserted tool
tool inserted in the die grinder to perform the intended work
3.1.3
service tool
tool for performing maintenance or service on the die grinder
3.1.4
control device
device to start and stop the die grinder or to change the direction of the rotation or to control the functional characteristics, such as speed and power
3.1.5
start-and-stop device throttle
manually operated control on the die grinder by which the energy supply to the motor can be turned on and off
3.1.6
hold-to-run start-and-stop device
constant pressure throttle
start-and-stop device that automatically returns to the OFF position when force on the start-and-stop device actuator is released
3.1.7
lock-on start-and-stop device
constant pressure throttle with instant release lock
hold-to-run start-and-stop device that can be locked in the ON position and which is designed so that it permits the die grinder to be turned off by a single motion of the same finger or fingers used to turn it on
3.1.8
lock-off start-and-stop device
lock-off throttle
start-and-stop device that automatically latches in the OFF position when the actuator is released and where two motions are required to energize the die grinder
3.1.9
positive on-off start-and-stop device
positive on-off throttle
start-and-stop device that remains in the ON position until it is manually changed
3.1.10
maximum operating pressure
maximum pressure at which a die grinder may be operated
3.1.11
whip hose
air hose connecting the main air hose with an air tool for the purpose of providing more flexibility
3.1.12
rated air pressure
air pressure, required at an air tool inlet port to ensure rated performance of the tool, also considered the maximum pressure at which the tool may be operated
3.1.13
rated speed
(pneumatic tool) speed of an air tool at no load and rated air pressure at the tool inlet port
(hydraulic tool) nominal speed of a hydraulic tool at no load and rated flow at the tool inlet port
Note 1: The rated speed is expressed in revolutions per minute.
Note 2: Also considered the maximum speed at which an abrasive tool, such as a die grinder, shall be operated.
3.1.14
maximum attainable speed
maximum speed which the tool can achieve under the most adverse condition of possible maladjustment or malfunction of its speed control devices, when supplied with compressed air at the pressure marked on the die grinder
3.1.15
suspension device
device, which is attached to the tool, whose primary purpose is to reduce the strain on the operator caused by the weight of the tool
Note: The device can also have a secondary purpose of transmitting a reaction torque.
Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements-Part 3: Die grinders
1 Scope
This document specifies safety requirements for hand-held non-electric power tools fitted with collets (hereinafter "die grinders") intended for grinding and surface finishing and chamfering using mounted points, burrs and files and small wire brushes and other accessories mounted on shanks. The die grinders can be powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid or internal combustion engines and are intended to be used by one operator and supported by the operator's hand or hands, with or without a suspension, e.g. a balancer.
Note 1: At the time of publication, no die grinders driven by internal combustion engines are known. Once these are identified, it is intended to amend this document to include such power tools.
This document is applicable to:
- angle die grinders;
- reciprocating files;
- rotary files;
- straight die grinders.
Note 2: For examples of die grinders, see Annex B
Note 3: Grinders without collets, for use with cones and plugs with threaded inserts, are covered by ISO 11148-7.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to die grinders when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, with the exception of the use of die grinders in potentially explosive atmospheres.
Note 4: EN 13463-1 gives requirements for non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 15706-2012 Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010, IDT)
ISO 3857-3 Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines - Vocabulary - Part 3 : Pneumatic tools and machines
Note: GB/T 6247.4-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terminology - Part 4 : Performance test (ISO 3857-3:1989, MOD)
ISO 5391 Pneumatic tools and machines - Vocabulary
Note: GB/T 6247.1-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terminology - Part 1 : Rock drilling machines, pneumatic tools and machines (ISO 5391:2003, MOD)
ISO 13732-1 Erg0-nomies of the thermal environment-Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part 1 : Hot surfaces
ISO 13732-3 Erg0-nomies of the thermal environment-Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part 3 : Cold surfaces
ISO 15744 Hand-held non-electric power tools- -Noise measurement code - Engineering method (grade 2)
Note: GB/T 5898-2008 Hand-held non-electric power tools - Noise measurement code - Engineering method (grade 2) (ISO 15744:2002, IDT)
ISO 17066 Hydraulic tools-Vocabulary
Note: GB/T 6247.2-2013 Rock drilling machines and portable power tools - Terminology - Part 2 : Hydraulic tools (ISO 17066:2007, IDT)
ISO 28927-10 Hand-held portable power tools- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 10 : Percussive drills, hammers and breakers
Note: GB/T 26548.10-2021 Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 10 : Percussive drills, hammers and breakers (ISO 28927-10:2011, IDT)
ISO 28927-12 Hand-held portable power tools- Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 12 : Die grinders
Note: GB/T 26548.12-2021 Hand-held portable power tools - Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission - Part 12 : Die grinders (ISO 28927-12:2012, IDT)
EN 12096 Mechanical vibration - Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 15706-2012, ISO 3857-3, ISO 5391 and ISO 17056 and the following apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
hand-held power tool
machine operated by one or two hands and driven by rotary or linear motors powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid, gaseous or liquid fuel, electricity or stored energy (e.g. by a spring) to do mechanical work and so designed that the motor and the mechanism form an assembly that can easily be brought to its place of operation
Note: Hand-held power tools driven by compressed air or gas are called pneumatic tools (or air tools). Hand-held power tools driven by hydraulic liquid are called hydraulic tools.
3.1.2
inserted tool
tool inserted in the die grinder to perform the intended work
3.1.3
service tool
tool for performing maintenance or service on the die grinder
3.1.4
control device
device to start and stop the die grinder or to change the direction of the rotation or to control the functional characteristics, such as speed and power
3.1.5
start-and-stop device throttle
manually operated control on the die grinder by which the energy supply to the motor can be turned on and off
3.1.6
hold-to-run start-and-stop device
constant pressure throttle
start-and-stop device that automatically returns to the OFF position when force on the start-and-stop device actuator is released
3.1.7
lock-on start-and-stop device
constant pressure throttle with instant release lock
hold-to-run start-and-stop device that can be locked in the ON position and which is designed so that it permits the die grinder to be turned off by a single motion of the same finger or fingers used to turn it on
3.1.8
lock-off start-and-stop device
lock-off throttle
start-and-stop device that automatically latches in the OFF position when the actuator is released and where two motions are required to energize the die grinder
3.1.9
positive on-off start-and-stop device
positive on-off throttle
start-and-stop device that remains in the ON position until it is manually changed
3.1.10
maximum operating pressure
maximum pressure at which a die grinder may be operated
3.1.11
whip hose
air hose connecting the main air hose with an air tool for the purpose of providing more flexibility
3.1.12
rated air pressure
air pressure, required at an air tool inlet port to ensure rated performance of the tool, also considered the maximum pressure at which the tool may be operated
3.1.13
rated speed
(pneumatic tool) speed of an air tool at no load and rated air pressure at the tool inlet port
(hydraulic tool) nominal speed of a hydraulic tool at no load and rated flow at the tool inlet port
Note 1: The rated speed is expressed in revolutions per minute.
Note 2: Also considered the maximum speed at which an abrasive tool, such as a die grinder, shall be operated.
3.1.14
maximum attainable speed
maximum speed which the tool can achieve under the most adverse condition of possible maladjustment or malfunction of its speed control devices, when supplied with compressed air at the pressure marked on the die grinder
3.1.15
suspension device
device, which is attached to the tool, whose primary purpose is to reduce the strain on the operator caused by the weight of the tool
Note: The device can also have a secondary purpose of transmitting a reaction torque.
