GB/T 42686-2023 Ships and marine technology - Marine environment protection - Specifications on design and selection of sorbents
1 Scope
This document specifies materials, types, selection criteria and designation and marking of sorbents and data to be provided by manufacturer(s) for the sorbents.
The purpose of this document is to assist manufacturers and facilitate users in selecting sorbents by technical criteria. It does not purport to address all aspects of sorbents or safety concerns associated with sorbent use, nor does it define sorbent operational procedures.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16165 Ships and marine technology - Marine environment protection - Vocabulary relating to oil spill response
Note: GB/T 21478-2016, Ships and marine technology - Marine environment protection - Terminology relating to oil spill response (ISO 16165:2013, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16165 and the following apply.
3.1
absorbent
material that picks up and retains a liquid distributed throughout its molecular structure
3.2
adsorbent
material that is coated by a liquid on its surface including pores and capillaries
3.3
hydrophobic
material or surfaces repelling water
3.4
oleophilic
material or surfaces attracting oil
3.5
sorption capacity
ability of a product to absorb and/or adsorb as well as contain the collected oil
Note: Sorption capacity is expressed as weight of oil per weight of the product.
4 Sorbent materials and forms
4.1 General
In the context of this document, the main purpose of sorbents is to recover an oil slick on the water. The sorption capacity is as important as the buoyancy; both depend on the sorbent material.
In general, no material shall be used which is proven or suspected to be potentially dangerous to the environment.
4.2 Examples of sorbent materials
4.2.1 Synthetic organic materials
Examples include polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, polyester fibres/fabrics and polyurethane foam.
4.2.2 Natural organic materials
Examples include peat, cellulose, pulp, cotton, bark, hay, feathers, coconut husks, sugar cane waste (bagasse), cork, cellulose fibre, straw, wool, wood chips, and human hair. Straw is very useful for picking up heavier products, such as lubricating oils, fuel oils, and weathered crudes.
4.2.3 Inorganic materials
Examples include expanded perlite, glass wool, vermiculite, and volcanic ash.
4.3 Forms of sorbents
Sorbents are generally categorized by intended application and shape, as follows.
4.3.1 Sorbent booms
Sorbent booms are tubular products which contain loose sorbent material in an oil-permeable envelope. The length is far greater than the other dimensions and is in excess of one metre.
Certain models, designed for use on moderately moving water surfaces, have a "skirt," a flexible ballasted band, which improves the stability and their ability to contain a floating pollutant. These products combine the properties of containment and sorption.
4.3.2 Pads
Pads (or sheets) are thin, flexible products normally with a thickness less than or equal to 3 mm, and with length and width less than a metre.
4.3.3 Pillows
Pillows (and cushions) are flexible products in which the sorbent material is enclosed by net or fabric in a pillow sized permeable envelope. The length of this envelope is far greater than the thickness and is normally less than a metre in length.
4.3.4 Pom-poms
This form of sorbent is made up of thread-like strands joined together to form a light open structure, suitable for recovering viscous oil through adhesion.
4.3.5 Rolls
Rolls, also known as blankets, are products which can be up to several dozen metres in length. They may be perforated to enable the user to use them like pads. They can be reinforced by a rope (filament), and are thus known as sweeps.
Standard
GB/T 42686-2023 Ships and marine technology—Marine environment protection—Specifications on design and selection of sorbents (English Version)
Standard No.
GB/T 42686-2023
Status
valid
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
6000 words
Price(USD)
160.0
Implemented on
2023-12-1
Delivery
via email in 1~3 business day
Detail of GB/T 42686-2023
Standard No.
GB/T 42686-2023
English Name
Ships and marine technology—Marine environment protection—Specifications on design and selection of sorbents
GB/T 42686-2023 Ships and marine technology - Marine environment protection - Specifications on design and selection of sorbents
1 Scope
This document specifies materials, types, selection criteria and designation and marking of sorbents and data to be provided by manufacturer(s) for the sorbents.
The purpose of this document is to assist manufacturers and facilitate users in selecting sorbents by technical criteria. It does not purport to address all aspects of sorbents or safety concerns associated with sorbent use, nor does it define sorbent operational procedures.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 16165 Ships and marine technology - Marine environment protection - Vocabulary relating to oil spill response
Note: GB/T 21478-2016, Ships and marine technology - Marine environment protection - Terminology relating to oil spill response (ISO 16165:2013, IDT)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16165 and the following apply.
3.1
absorbent
material that picks up and retains a liquid distributed throughout its molecular structure
3.2
adsorbent
material that is coated by a liquid on its surface including pores and capillaries
3.3
hydrophobic
material or surfaces repelling water
3.4
oleophilic
material or surfaces attracting oil
3.5
sorption capacity
ability of a product to absorb and/or adsorb as well as contain the collected oil
Note: Sorption capacity is expressed as weight of oil per weight of the product.
4 Sorbent materials and forms
4.1 General
In the context of this document, the main purpose of sorbents is to recover an oil slick on the water. The sorption capacity is as important as the buoyancy; both depend on the sorbent material.
In general, no material shall be used which is proven or suspected to be potentially dangerous to the environment.
4.2 Examples of sorbent materials
4.2.1 Synthetic organic materials
Examples include polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, polyester fibres/fabrics and polyurethane foam.
4.2.2 Natural organic materials
Examples include peat, cellulose, pulp, cotton, bark, hay, feathers, coconut husks, sugar cane waste (bagasse), cork, cellulose fibre, straw, wool, wood chips, and human hair. Straw is very useful for picking up heavier products, such as lubricating oils, fuel oils, and weathered crudes.
4.2.3 Inorganic materials
Examples include expanded perlite, glass wool, vermiculite, and volcanic ash.
4.3 Forms of sorbents
Sorbents are generally categorized by intended application and shape, as follows.
4.3.1 Sorbent booms
Sorbent booms are tubular products which contain loose sorbent material in an oil-permeable envelope. The length is far greater than the other dimensions and is in excess of one metre.
Certain models, designed for use on moderately moving water surfaces, have a "skirt," a flexible ballasted band, which improves the stability and their ability to contain a floating pollutant. These products combine the properties of containment and sorption.
4.3.2 Pads
Pads (or sheets) are thin, flexible products normally with a thickness less than or equal to 3 mm, and with length and width less than a metre.
4.3.3 Pillows
Pillows (and cushions) are flexible products in which the sorbent material is enclosed by net or fabric in a pillow sized permeable envelope. The length of this envelope is far greater than the thickness and is normally less than a metre in length.
4.3.4 Pom-poms
This form of sorbent is made up of thread-like strands joined together to form a light open structure, suitable for recovering viscous oil through adhesion.
4.3.5 Rolls
Rolls, also known as blankets, are products which can be up to several dozen metres in length. They may be perforated to enable the user to use them like pads. They can be reinforced by a rope (filament), and are thus known as sweeps.
