This document describes the basic principles, basic processes, and survey indicators and methods for regional ecosystem surveys.
This document is applicable to ecosystem surveys in administrative and physical geographical regions.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
HJ 1167 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of forest ecosystem
HJ 1168 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of grassland ecosystem
HJ 1169 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of wetland ecosystem
HJ 1170 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of desert ecosystem
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
regional ecosystem
a whole formed by plants and the environment within a specific spatial extent through material circulation, energy flow and information transfer
Note: It mainly include forest, grassland, desert, wetland and other ecosystems.
3.2
ecosystem structure and pattern
components, quantitative characteristics and spatial distribution of different types of ecosystems
3.3
ecosystem processes and functions
process of material circulation and energy transfer in ecosystems and the various effects and functions they embody
3.4
remote sensing investigation
a method of using sensors mounted on high-altitude platforms such as satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles to obtain the reflection and radiation information of ecosystems, and using such information as a basis to study the structures and patterns, processes and functions, and other characteristics of various ecosystems
3.5
field investigation
a method of obtaining parameters and information reflecting ecosystem patterns, structures, processes and functions based on statistical sampling methods, using ground-based positioning and observation instruments
4 Basic principles
4.1 Applicability
With full consideration of the characteristics of the ecosystem and natural geographical environment in the survey area, reasonable ecosystem structure and pattern indicators and ecosystem process and function indicators shall be selected according to the main objectives, contents and tasks of the regional ecosystem survey.
4.2 Operability
Through comprehensive consideration of the ecosystem characteristics and spatial extent of the survey area, and based on an objective analysis of the operability of the traditional field investigation methods and remote sensing investigation methods, appropriate survey techniques and methods shall be selected, to ensure the implementation of regional ecosystem survey tasks.
4.3 Scientificity
Preliminary preparations, data (sample) collection, and data (sample) analysis and collation of regional ecosystem surveys shall be carried out in a scientific and standardized manner to ensure the accuracy of regional ecosystem survey data.
Contents Foreword I 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Basic principles 5 Basic process 6 Survey indicators and methods Annex A (Normative) Regional ecosystem survey methods Annex B (Informative) Survey methods for basic geographical environmental indicators Annex C (Informative) Survey methods for ecosystem structure and pattern indicators Annex D (Informative) Survey methods for ecosystem process and function indicators Bibliography
Ecosystem assessment -
Regional ecosystem survey methods
1 Scope
This document describes the basic principles, basic processes, and survey indicators and methods for regional ecosystem surveys.
This document is applicable to ecosystem surveys in administrative and physical geographical regions.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
HJ 1167 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of forest ecosystem
HJ 1168 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of grassland ecosystem
HJ 1169 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of wetland ecosystem
HJ 1170 Technical specification for investigation and assessment of national ecological status - Field observation of desert ecosystem
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
regional ecosystem
a whole formed by plants and the environment within a specific spatial extent through material circulation, energy flow and information transfer
Note: It mainly include forest, grassland, desert, wetland and other ecosystems.
3.2
ecosystem structure and pattern
components, quantitative characteristics and spatial distribution of different types of ecosystems
3.3
ecosystem processes and functions
process of material circulation and energy transfer in ecosystems and the various effects and functions they embody
3.4
remote sensing investigation
a method of using sensors mounted on high-altitude platforms such as satellites and unmanned aerial vehicles to obtain the reflection and radiation information of ecosystems, and using such information as a basis to study the structures and patterns, processes and functions, and other characteristics of various ecosystems
3.5
field investigation
a method of obtaining parameters and information reflecting ecosystem patterns, structures, processes and functions based on statistical sampling methods, using ground-based positioning and observation instruments
4 Basic principles
4.1 Applicability
With full consideration of the characteristics of the ecosystem and natural geographical environment in the survey area, reasonable ecosystem structure and pattern indicators and ecosystem process and function indicators shall be selected according to the main objectives, contents and tasks of the regional ecosystem survey.
4.2 Operability
Through comprehensive consideration of the ecosystem characteristics and spatial extent of the survey area, and based on an objective analysis of the operability of the traditional field investigation methods and remote sensing investigation methods, appropriate survey techniques and methods shall be selected, to ensure the implementation of regional ecosystem survey tasks.
4.3 Scientificity
Preliminary preparations, data (sample) collection, and data (sample) analysis and collation of regional ecosystem surveys shall be carried out in a scientific and standardized manner to ensure the accuracy of regional ecosystem survey data.
Contents of GB/T 43681-2024
Contents
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Basic principles
5 Basic process
6 Survey indicators and methods
Annex A (Normative) Regional ecosystem survey methods
Annex B (Informative) Survey methods for basic geographical environmental indicators
Annex C (Informative) Survey methods for ecosystem structure and pattern indicators
Annex D (Informative) Survey methods for ecosystem process and function indicators
Bibliography
