Codeofcina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1—2020 Guidelines for Standardization Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardized Documents.
This document is the first part of GB/T 45109 "Smart city—City Digital Twin". The following parts of GB/T 45109 has been issued:
— Part 1: Technical reference architecture.
Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The publisher of this document does not assume the responsibility of identifying patents.
This document was proposed by SAC/TC 28.
This document is under the joint jurisdiction of SAC/TC 28 and SAC TC 567.
Introduction
GB/T 45109 Smart City—City Digital Twin is designed to standardize the connotation of urban digital twinning and guide the application of digital twinning technology in cities, and it is proposed to be composed of three parts.
— Part 1: Technical reference architecture, whose purpose is to establish the technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin and standardize the requirements of intelligent infrastructure, data resources, digital engine, digital twin service, security management and operation management of City Digital Twin.
— Part 2: Data reference architecture, whose purpose is to establish the data reference architecture of City Digital Twin, and specify the requirements of data aggregation, data processing, data sharing and data service related to the data resources in the Technical Reference Architecture of City Digital Twin.
— Part 3: Service Reference Architecture, whose purpose is to establish the service reference architecture of City Digital Twin, and specify the reference architecture of related service application scenarios and service organization relationships from the service perspective on the digital twin in the technical reference architecture.
Theremin/among all these three parts, the organizational model and internal relationship between data reference architecture and service reference architecture are based on the technical reference architecture.
Smart City — City Digital Twin — Part 1: Technical Reference Architecture
1 Scope
This document establishes the technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin, and specifies the requirements of intelligent infrastructure, data resources, digital engine, digital twin service, security management and operation management.
This document is applicable to guide the deployment of digital twins in cities, supporting the planning, construction, management, operation, update and service of Smart city.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 37971 Information security technology—Framework of smart city security system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
city digital twin
digital representation technology for mapping, synchronization, interaction and evolution of physical entities, relationships and activities of the urban physical space and social space in the digital space
Note City Digital Twin can complete city simulation, prediction, interaction and control with data, models and algorithms as carriers.
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
AI: Artificial Intelligence
API: Application Programming Interface
AR: Augmented Reality
BIM: Building Information Modeling
CAD: Computer-Aided Design
CIM: City Information Modeling
DDoS: Distributed Denial of Service
GIS: Geographic Information System
GPU: Graphics Processing Unit
IPv6: Internet Protocol Version 6
MR: Mixed Reality
VR: Virtual Reality
XR: Mixed Reality
5G: 5th Generation Mobile Networks
5 General
Combined with urban business scenarios, City Digital Twin maps urban physical space and social space through digital space, realizing synchronous connection, real-time interaction and iterative evolution of urban physical state and virtual state, and helping the planning, construction, management, operation, update and service of Smart city.
Urban digital space takes data, models and algorithms as carriers, and realizes full-cycle traceability and dynamic iteration of urban target entities and digital entities through simulation, prediction, interaction and control of urban physical space and social space, as follows.
a) Urban physical space includes space-time elements, environment elements and facilities elements, which is an important support for realizing City Digital Twin, among which:
1) the spatio-temporal elements are the spatio-temporal information of urban geography, such as spatial coordinate information and time information within the city;
2) environmental factors are the information of natural conditions where urban physical objects are located, such as topography, geological structure, water system, climate and environment, vegetation coverage, etc.
3) facility elements are all kinds of objects needed to form a physical city, such as infrastructure, architecture, landscape, energy, industrialization and other physical entities and the bound boundaries of their functions or forms. The space where facilities are located can be divided into above ground, underground, indoor, outdoor, airspace, water area and specific sections.
b) Urban social space includes organizational elements, activity elements and relationship elements:
1) organizational elements are multiple subjects of City Digital Twin and their components or systems;
2) activity elements are specific actions or processes taken by multiple subjects and organizations to realize City Digital Twin;
3) relationship elements are multi-level relationships formed by the interaction of multiple subjects and organizations.
6 Technical Reference Architecture
The technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin is mainly built around the realization and application services of urban digital space, which is composed of intelligent infrastructure, data resources, digital engine, digital twin services, security management and operation management, and is applied to urban planning, construction, management, operation, update and service, as shown in Figure 1.
Note：The solid line in the figure corresponds to the relevant provisions of this document, and the dotted line only indicates the system composition of the technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin, which does not belong to the provisions of this document.
Figure 1 — City Digital Twin Technical Reference Architecture
The technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin is as follows:
a) intelligent infrastructure is the general name of all kinds of equipment that provide perception, network, storage, calculation and other capabilities for the construction and development of City Digital Twin.
b) data resources are the aggregation of attribute data such as forms, constraints and rules of urban entities and data of various urban information systems, including urban planning data, spatio-temporal basic data, facility attribute data, social basic data, IOT perception data, resource investigation data, business application data and operation evaluation data.
c) digital engine is a collection of main digital twin technologies to realize the mapping and interaction between urban physical space, social space and digital space, including digital modeling, virtual-real mapping, object identification, spatio-temporal calculation, simulation deduction, twin visualization, interactive control, etc.
d) digital twin service is a general service of City Digital Twin provided by digital engine based on intelligent infrastructure and data resources, including data basic service, data analysis service, application service and other services, which provides decision support for urban planning, construction, management, operation, update and service.
e) safety management is to carry out safety operation and maintenance management, safety risk management, safety detection and safety early warning according to the urban safety management system;
f) operation management is to establish data asset management mode for urban objects, provide digital interaction of urban operation state, and maintain and manage urban facilities and equipment with data simulation and performance monitoring.
7 Intelligent Infrastructure
7.1 Perceptual infrastructure
Perception infrastructure includes sensors, sensing equipment and facilities, as well as aerospace surveying and mapping facilities, as follows:
a) city Digital Twin data should be collected through sensing facilities or a combination of sensing facilities;
b) we should have the ubiquitous connection ability between things and people, and intelligently identify, perceive and control the city;
c) it should support the setting of data acquisition frequency and time interval to meet the data acquisition requirements in terms of spatial scale and event frequency under the premise of safety;
d) it should have the intelligent analysis and processing ability of the perceived data on the terminal equipment side.
7.2 Network infrastructure
Network infrastructure includes wired and wireless network connection equipment, facilities and systems such as IP network, all-optical network, mobile communication network, narrowband Internet of Things, satellite communication network, etc., as follows:
a) according to the change of business requirements and space requirements, we should have the ability to optimize and adjust the network structure in time;
b) facing the demand of next generation connection and expansion, it should have the ability of network resource monitoring, dynamic arrangement and configuration;
c) it should meet the requirements of real-time, transmission rate and quality of data transmission;
d) slicing technology should be adopted to build a virtual private network to meet the requirements of customized networking, flexible resource allocation, network scheduling and fault isolation.
e) should have the ability of self-connection and self-networking between devices;
f) it is advisable to carry out IPv6 adaptation transformation.
Foreword III Introduction IV 1 Scope 2 Normative reference documents 3 Terms and definitions 4 Abbreviations 5 Overview 6 Technical Reference Architecture 7 Intelligent Infrastructure 7.1 Perceptual infrastructure 7.2 Network infrastructure 7.3 Storage Infrastructure 7.4 Computing infrastructure 8 Data resources 9 Digital engine 9.1 Digital modeling 9.2 Virtual-real mapping 9.3 Object identification 9.4 Spatio-temporal calculation 9.5 Simulation deduction 9.6 Twin Visibility 9.7 Interactive control 10 Digital twin service 10.1 Data basic service 10.2 Data analysis services 10.3 Application service 10.4 Other Services 11 Safety management 12 Operation management Bibliography
Codeofcina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is drafted in accordance with GB/T 1.1—2020 Guidelines for Standardization Part 1: Structure and Drafting Rules of Standardized Documents.
This document is the first part of GB/T 45109 "Smart city—City Digital Twin". The following parts of GB/T 45109 has been issued:
— Part 1: Technical reference architecture.
Please note that some contents of this document may involve patents. The publisher of this document does not assume the responsibility of identifying patents.
This document was proposed by SAC/TC 28.
This document is under the joint jurisdiction of SAC/TC 28 and SAC TC 567.
Introduction
GB/T 45109 Smart City—City Digital Twin is designed to standardize the connotation of urban digital twinning and guide the application of digital twinning technology in cities, and it is proposed to be composed of three parts.
— Part 1: Technical reference architecture, whose purpose is to establish the technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin and standardize the requirements of intelligent infrastructure, data resources, digital engine, digital twin service, security management and operation management of City Digital Twin.
— Part 2: Data reference architecture, whose purpose is to establish the data reference architecture of City Digital Twin, and specify the requirements of data aggregation, data processing, data sharing and data service related to the data resources in the Technical Reference Architecture of City Digital Twin.
— Part 3: Service Reference Architecture, whose purpose is to establish the service reference architecture of City Digital Twin, and specify the reference architecture of related service application scenarios and service organization relationships from the service perspective on the digital twin in the technical reference architecture.
Theremin/among all these three parts, the organizational model and internal relationship between data reference architecture and service reference architecture are based on the technical reference architecture.
Smart City — City Digital Twin — Part 1: Technical Reference Architecture
1 Scope
This document establishes the technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin, and specifies the requirements of intelligent infrastructure, data resources, digital engine, digital twin service, security management and operation management.
This document is applicable to guide the deployment of digital twins in cities, supporting the planning, construction, management, operation, update and service of Smart city.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 37971 Information security technology—Framework of smart city security system
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
city digital twin
digital representation technology for mapping, synchronization, interaction and evolution of physical entities, relationships and activities of the urban physical space and social space in the digital space
Note City Digital Twin can complete city simulation, prediction, interaction and control with data, models and algorithms as carriers.
4 Abbreviations
The following abbreviations apply to this document.
AI: Artificial Intelligence
API: Application Programming Interface
AR: Augmented Reality
BIM: Building Information Modeling
CAD: Computer-Aided Design
CIM: City Information Modeling
DDoS: Distributed Denial of Service
GIS: Geographic Information System
GPU: Graphics Processing Unit
IPv6: Internet Protocol Version 6
MR: Mixed Reality
VR: Virtual Reality
XR: Mixed Reality
5G: 5th Generation Mobile Networks
5 General
Combined with urban business scenarios, City Digital Twin maps urban physical space and social space through digital space, realizing synchronous connection, real-time interaction and iterative evolution of urban physical state and virtual state, and helping the planning, construction, management, operation, update and service of Smart city.
Urban digital space takes data, models and algorithms as carriers, and realizes full-cycle traceability and dynamic iteration of urban target entities and digital entities through simulation, prediction, interaction and control of urban physical space and social space, as follows.
a) Urban physical space includes space-time elements, environment elements and facilities elements, which is an important support for realizing City Digital Twin, among which:
1) the spatio-temporal elements are the spatio-temporal information of urban geography, such as spatial coordinate information and time information within the city;
2) environmental factors are the information of natural conditions where urban physical objects are located, such as topography, geological structure, water system, climate and environment, vegetation coverage, etc.
3) facility elements are all kinds of objects needed to form a physical city, such as infrastructure, architecture, landscape, energy, industrialization and other physical entities and the bound boundaries of their functions or forms. The space where facilities are located can be divided into above ground, underground, indoor, outdoor, airspace, water area and specific sections.
b) Urban social space includes organizational elements, activity elements and relationship elements:
1) organizational elements are multiple subjects of City Digital Twin and their components or systems;
2) activity elements are specific actions or processes taken by multiple subjects and organizations to realize City Digital Twin;
3) relationship elements are multi-level relationships formed by the interaction of multiple subjects and organizations.
6 Technical Reference Architecture
The technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin is mainly built around the realization and application services of urban digital space, which is composed of intelligent infrastructure, data resources, digital engine, digital twin services, security management and operation management, and is applied to urban planning, construction, management, operation, update and service, as shown in Figure 1.
Note：The solid line in the figure corresponds to the relevant provisions of this document, and the dotted line only indicates the system composition of the technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin, which does not belong to the provisions of this document.
Figure 1 — City Digital Twin Technical Reference Architecture
The technical reference architecture of City Digital Twin is as follows:
a) intelligent infrastructure is the general name of all kinds of equipment that provide perception, network, storage, calculation and other capabilities for the construction and development of City Digital Twin.
b) data resources are the aggregation of attribute data such as forms, constraints and rules of urban entities and data of various urban information systems, including urban planning data, spatio-temporal basic data, facility attribute data, social basic data, IOT perception data, resource investigation data, business application data and operation evaluation data.
c) digital engine is a collection of main digital twin technologies to realize the mapping and interaction between urban physical space, social space and digital space, including digital modeling, virtual-real mapping, object identification, spatio-temporal calculation, simulation deduction, twin visualization, interactive control, etc.
d) digital twin service is a general service of City Digital Twin provided by digital engine based on intelligent infrastructure and data resources, including data basic service, data analysis service, application service and other services, which provides decision support for urban planning, construction, management, operation, update and service.
e) safety management is to carry out safety operation and maintenance management, safety risk management, safety detection and safety early warning according to the urban safety management system;
f) operation management is to establish data asset management mode for urban objects, provide digital interaction of urban operation state, and maintain and manage urban facilities and equipment with data simulation and performance monitoring.
7 Intelligent Infrastructure
7.1 Perceptual infrastructure
Perception infrastructure includes sensors, sensing equipment and facilities, as well as aerospace surveying and mapping facilities, as follows:
a) city Digital Twin data should be collected through sensing facilities or a combination of sensing facilities;
b) we should have the ubiquitous connection ability between things and people, and intelligently identify, perceive and control the city;
c) it should support the setting of data acquisition frequency and time interval to meet the data acquisition requirements in terms of spatial scale and event frequency under the premise of safety;
d) it should have the intelligent analysis and processing ability of the perceived data on the terminal equipment side.
7.2 Network infrastructure
Network infrastructure includes wired and wireless network connection equipment, facilities and systems such as IP network, all-optical network, mobile communication network, narrowband Internet of Things, satellite communication network, etc., as follows:
a) according to the change of business requirements and space requirements, we should have the ability to optimize and adjust the network structure in time;
b) facing the demand of next generation connection and expansion, it should have the ability of network resource monitoring, dynamic arrangement and configuration;
c) it should meet the requirements of real-time, transmission rate and quality of data transmission;
d) slicing technology should be adopted to build a virtual private network to meet the requirements of customized networking, flexible resource allocation, network scheduling and fault isolation.
e) should have the ability of self-connection and self-networking between devices;
f) it is advisable to carry out IPv6 adaptation transformation.
Contents of GB/T 45109.1-2024
Foreword III
Introduction IV
1 Scope
2 Normative reference documents
3 Terms and definitions
4 Abbreviations
5 Overview
6 Technical Reference Architecture
7 Intelligent Infrastructure
7.1 Perceptual infrastructure
7.2 Network infrastructure
7.3 Storage Infrastructure
7.4 Computing infrastructure
8 Data resources
9 Digital engine
9.1 Digital modeling
9.2 Virtual-real mapping
9.3 Object identification
9.4 Spatio-temporal calculation
9.5 Simulation deduction
9.6 Twin Visibility
9.7 Interactive control
10 Digital twin service
10.1 Data basic service
10.2 Data analysis services
10.3 Application service
10.4 Other Services
11 Safety management
12 Operation management
Bibliography
