GB/T 45273-2025 Juvenile products - General technical requirements for toilet utensils
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety and performance requirements, markings and instructions for use of toilet utensils, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to household and portable potties, toilet reducers, urinals, squatting urinals and other products and their accessories used by children aged 9 months to 6 years.
This document is not applicable to:
—Disposable toilet utensils;
—Toilet utensils connected to the water supply and drainage system.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2912.1 Textiles - Determination of formaldehyde - Part 1: Free and hydrolyzed formaldehyde (water extraction method)
GB/T 3920 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Color fastness to rubbing
GB/T 3922 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to perspiration
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 5713 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to water
GB 6675.2-2014 Safety of toys - Part 2: Mechanical and physical properties
GB 6675.3 Safety of toys - Part 3: Flammability
GB 6675.4 Safety of toys - Part 4: Migration of certain elements
GB/T 7573 Textiles - Determination of pH of aqueous extract
GB/T 10125 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests
GB/T 13667.1 Steel bookshelves - Part 1: Bookshelf of single column and multi-column
GB/T 17592 Textiles - Determination of the banned azo colourants
GB/T 17627 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment - Definitions, test and procedure requirements, test equipment
GB/T 19865-2024 Electric toys - Safety
GB/T 19941.1 Leather and fur - Determination of formaldehyde content - Part 1: High performance liquid chromatography method
GB/T 19942 Leather and fur - Chemical test - Determination of banned azo colourants
GB/T 22048 Determination of certain phthalate esters in toys and children's products
GB/T 23344 Textiles - Determination of 4-aminoazobenzene
GB/T 29614 Vulcanized rubber - Determination the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
GB/T 33392 Leather and fur - Chemical tests - Determination of 4-aminoazobenzene derived from azo colorants
GB/T 40264 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to urine
GB/T 41524 Determination of short chain chlorinated paraffins in toy materials - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
QB/T 2537 Leather - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to to-and-fro rubbing
QB/T 2724 Leather - Chemical tests - Determination of pH
QB/T 2726 Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of abrasion resistance
WS/T 650-2019 Evaluating method for efficacy of antibacterial and bacteriostasis
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
potties
movable appliance with a toilet trough (bag) for infants and children to sit and excrete (see Figure 1)
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of potties
3.2
toilet reducers
movable appliance placed on an adult toilet to assist infants and children in excreting (see Figure 2)
Note: Some products are equipped with accessories such as ladders or footstools.
a) Toilet reducer and footstool b) Foldable toilet reducer and ladder
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of toilet reducers and their accessories
3.3
urinal
wall-mounted or free-standing appliance with a urinate bowl for boys to stand and urinate (see Figure 3)
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of urinals (wall-mounted and free-standing)
3.4
squatting urinal
movable appliance often used in conjunction with an adult's squatting urinal or used alone to assist infants and children in excreting (see Figure 4)
a) Sitting-type squatting urinal b) Squatting-type squatting urinal
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of squatting urinal
3.5
urinate bowl
detachable or non-detachable container for holding urine
3.6
accessories
ancillary components used to assist infants and children in excreting safely
Note: For example, ladders, footstools, etc.
3.7
locking mechanism
assembly consisting of one or more locking devices and one or more operating devices
3.8
accessible
performance of components or parts of a product that can be accessed by any part in front of the shaft shoulder of accessible probe as described in GB 6675.2-2014, 5.7
[Source: GB 6675.2-2014, 3.1, modified]
3.9
ladder
ladder used in conjunction with a toilet reducer, which facilitates infants and children to climb and sit on the toilet reducer independently
3.10
step
climbing support member on a ladder
3.11
telescopic ladder
ladder composed of two or more step sections, with telescopic ladder frame
[Source: GB/T 17889.1-2021, 3.1.4, modified]
3.12
restraint system
system used to keep the infants and children inside the product and restrict their movement
Note: It is usually an assembly consisting of a webbing with protective fasteners or corresponding soft parts, an adjusting device and a connecting device.
3.13
footstool
stool for infants and children to place their feet on when excreting
3.14
the parts in direct contact with human skin
parts, when used, in direct contact with human skin
[Source: GB 18401-2010, 3.4, modified]
4 General technical requirements
4.1 Assembling
Directly fastened connecting screws, such as tapping screw, shall not be used for the connection of removable or unscrewable components of the products.
4.2 Appearance
4.2.1 The inner and outer surfaces of the products shall be smooth, with uniform color and luster, and free from defects such as cracks, blisters, obvious deformation, stains, lack of material, scratches, and burrs. The end faces of exposed pipe openings shall be closed.
4.2.2 The stitching lines of textile fabrics shall be straight, free from empty stitches, missing stitches, skipping stitches. The surface layer shall be free from defects such as broken warp, broken weft, skipped yarn, skipped thread, visible mark, stain and spot. There shall be no broken sewing needle in textile products.
4.2.3 Leather fabrics shall be free from damages, scratches, color strains and oil stains.
4.2.4 Medical waste, used clothing, and other similar used products shall not be used as fillers.
4.2.5 Patterns and characters shall be clear, without fading or discoloring.
4.2.6 The products shall be free from obvious peculiar smell.
Contents Foreword 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and definitions 4 General technical requirements 4.1 Assembling 4.2 Appearance 4.3 Requirements for physical and chemical properties of product surface 4.4 Structural performance 4.5 Flammability 4.6 Requirements for limits of chemical substances 4.7 Requirements for anti-bacteria performance 4.8 Electrical hazard 5 Specific product requirements 5.1 Potties 5.2 Toilet reducers 5.3 Urinal 5.4 Squatting urinal 5.5 Accessories 6 Test methods 6.1 Sample assembling 6.2 Sequence of test 6.3 Precision of test apparatus 6.4 Test environment 6.5 Test apparatus 6.6 Test methods with general requirements 6.7 Test methods for specific products 7 Markings and instructions for use 7.1 General 7.2 Markings and instructions for use Annex A (Normative) List of carcinogenic aromatic amines Bibliography
GB/T 45273-2025 Juvenile products - General technical requirements for toilet utensils
1 Scope
This document specifies the safety and performance requirements, markings and instructions for use of toilet utensils, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to household and portable potties, toilet reducers, urinals, squatting urinals and other products and their accessories used by children aged 9 months to 6 years.
This document is not applicable to:
—Disposable toilet utensils;
—Toilet utensils connected to the water supply and drainage system.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2912.1 Textiles - Determination of formaldehyde - Part 1: Free and hydrolyzed formaldehyde (water extraction method)
GB/T 3920 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Color fastness to rubbing
GB/T 3922 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to perspiration
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 5713 Textiles - Tests for color fastness - Color fastness to water
GB 6675.2-2014 Safety of toys - Part 2: Mechanical and physical properties
GB 6675.3 Safety of toys - Part 3: Flammability
GB 6675.4 Safety of toys - Part 4: Migration of certain elements
GB/T 7573 Textiles - Determination of pH of aqueous extract
GB/T 10125 Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests
GB/T 13667.1 Steel bookshelves - Part 1: Bookshelf of single column and multi-column
GB/T 17592 Textiles - Determination of the banned azo colourants
GB/T 17627 High-voltage test techniques for low-voltage equipment - Definitions, test and procedure requirements, test equipment
GB/T 19865-2024 Electric toys - Safety
GB/T 19941.1 Leather and fur - Determination of formaldehyde content - Part 1: High performance liquid chromatography method
GB/T 19942 Leather and fur - Chemical test - Determination of banned azo colourants
GB/T 22048 Determination of certain phthalate esters in toys and children's products
GB/T 23344 Textiles - Determination of 4-aminoazobenzene
GB/T 29614 Vulcanized rubber - Determination the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
GB/T 33392 Leather and fur - Chemical tests - Determination of 4-aminoazobenzene derived from azo colorants
GB/T 40264 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to urine
GB/T 41524 Determination of short chain chlorinated paraffins in toy materials - Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
QB/T 2537 Leather - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to to-and-fro rubbing
QB/T 2724 Leather - Chemical tests - Determination of pH
QB/T 2726 Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - Determination of abrasion resistance
WS/T 650-2019 Evaluating method for efficacy of antibacterial and bacteriostasis
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
potties
movable appliance with a toilet trough (bag) for infants and children to sit and excrete (see Figure 1)
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of potties
3.2
toilet reducers
movable appliance placed on an adult toilet to assist infants and children in excreting (see Figure 2)
Note: Some products are equipped with accessories such as ladders or footstools.
a) Toilet reducer and footstool b) Foldable toilet reducer and ladder
Figure 2 Schematic diagram of toilet reducers and their accessories
3.3
urinal
wall-mounted or free-standing appliance with a urinate bowl for boys to stand and urinate (see Figure 3)
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of urinals (wall-mounted and free-standing)
3.4
squatting urinal
movable appliance often used in conjunction with an adult's squatting urinal or used alone to assist infants and children in excreting (see Figure 4)
a) Sitting-type squatting urinal b) Squatting-type squatting urinal
Figure 4 Schematic diagram of squatting urinal
3.5
urinate bowl
detachable or non-detachable container for holding urine
3.6
accessories
ancillary components used to assist infants and children in excreting safely
Note: For example, ladders, footstools, etc.
3.7
locking mechanism
assembly consisting of one or more locking devices and one or more operating devices
3.8
accessible
performance of components or parts of a product that can be accessed by any part in front of the shaft shoulder of accessible probe as described in GB 6675.2-2014, 5.7
[Source: GB 6675.2-2014, 3.1, modified]
3.9
ladder
ladder used in conjunction with a toilet reducer, which facilitates infants and children to climb and sit on the toilet reducer independently
3.10
step
climbing support member on a ladder
3.11
telescopic ladder
ladder composed of two or more step sections, with telescopic ladder frame
[Source: GB/T 17889.1-2021, 3.1.4, modified]
3.12
restraint system
system used to keep the infants and children inside the product and restrict their movement
Note: It is usually an assembly consisting of a webbing with protective fasteners or corresponding soft parts, an adjusting device and a connecting device.
3.13
footstool
stool for infants and children to place their feet on when excreting
3.14
the parts in direct contact with human skin
parts, when used, in direct contact with human skin
[Source: GB 18401-2010, 3.4, modified]
4 General technical requirements
4.1 Assembling
Directly fastened connecting screws, such as tapping screw, shall not be used for the connection of removable or unscrewable components of the products.
4.2 Appearance
4.2.1 The inner and outer surfaces of the products shall be smooth, with uniform color and luster, and free from defects such as cracks, blisters, obvious deformation, stains, lack of material, scratches, and burrs. The end faces of exposed pipe openings shall be closed.
4.2.2 The stitching lines of textile fabrics shall be straight, free from empty stitches, missing stitches, skipping stitches. The surface layer shall be free from defects such as broken warp, broken weft, skipped yarn, skipped thread, visible mark, stain and spot. There shall be no broken sewing needle in textile products.
4.2.3 Leather fabrics shall be free from damages, scratches, color strains and oil stains.
4.2.4 Medical waste, used clothing, and other similar used products shall not be used as fillers.
4.2.5 Patterns and characters shall be clear, without fading or discoloring.
4.2.6 The products shall be free from obvious peculiar smell.
Contents of GB/T 45273-2025
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and definitions
4 General technical requirements
4.1 Assembling
4.2 Appearance
4.3 Requirements for physical and chemical properties of product surface
4.4 Structural performance
4.5 Flammability
4.6 Requirements for limits of chemical substances
4.7 Requirements for anti-bacteria performance
4.8 Electrical hazard
5 Specific product requirements
5.1 Potties
5.2 Toilet reducers
5.3 Urinal
5.4 Squatting urinal
5.5 Accessories
6 Test methods
6.1 Sample assembling
6.2 Sequence of test
6.3 Precision of test apparatus
6.4 Test environment
6.5 Test apparatus
6.6 Test methods with general requirements
6.7 Test methods for specific products
7 Markings and instructions for use
7.1 General
7.2 Markings and instructions for use
Annex A (Normative) List of carcinogenic aromatic amines
Bibliography
