GB/T 5174-2018 Surface active agents – Detergents - Determination of cationic-active matter content - Direct two-phase titration procedure
1 Scope
This standard specifies a direct two-phase titration procedure for the determination of cationic-active matter in detergents of surface active agents.
This standard is applicable to the determination of cationic-active materials such as
a) quaternary ammonium compounds of mono-, di-, and tri-aliphatic alkyl tertiary amines, and quaternary ammonium salts of methyl sulfate;
b) salts of imidazoline or 3-methylimidazoline of long-chain acylaminoethyl and alkyl groups;
c) amine oxides and alkylpyridinium salts.
This standard is applicable to solids or to aqueous solutions of the active material when the relative molecular mass of the cationic-active matter is known or when it has been previously determined if its content is expressed as a percentage by mass.
This standard is not applicable if anionic or amphoteric surface active agents are present.
Note 1: Low relative molecular mass sulfonates of toluene and xylene present as hydrotropes do not interfere when present in concentrations up to and including 15 % (mass fraction) with respect to the active material. At higher levels, their influence shall be evaluated in each particular case.
Note 2: Non-ionic surface active agents, soap, urea and the salts of (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid do not interfere.
Note 3: Typical inorganic components in detergent formulations, such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium borate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium perborate, sodium silicate, etc., do not interfere. However, bleaching agents other than sodium perborate shall be destroyed before analysis, and the sample shall be completely soluble in water.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696:1987, MOD)
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents (GB/T 13173-2008, ISO 607:1980, ISO 2996:1974, ISO 4313:1976, ISO 4325:1990, ISO 697:1981, MOD; ISO 4321:1997, IDT)
QB/T 2739 Preparations of standard volumetric solutions of general test methods for washing products
3 Principle
The cationic-active matter in a sample is titrated in a two-phase (aqueous chloroform) system against a standard anionic surface active agent in the presence of an indicator consisting of mixed anionic and cationic dyes. The cationic surface active agent present in the sample initially reacts with the anionic dye to form a salt which dissolves in the chloroform layer, imparting a blue colour to this layer. During the titration, the anionic surface active agent displaces the anionic dye and, at the end point, forms a salt with the cationic dye, imparting a greyish-pink colour to the chloroform layer.
4 Reagents
During the analysis, unless otherwise specified, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and only Grade III water specified in GB/T 6682.
Contents
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Principle
4 Reagents
5 Apparatus
6 Specimen preparation
7 Procedure
8 Expression of results
9 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO 2871-1:2010 and ISO 2871-2:2010 and their justifications
GB/T 5174-2018 Surface active agents – Detergents - Determination of cationic-active matter content - Direct two-phase titration procedure
1 Scope
This standard specifies a direct two-phase titration procedure for the determination of cationic-active matter in detergents of surface active agents.
This standard is applicable to the determination of cationic-active materials such as
a) quaternary ammonium compounds of mono-, di-, and tri-aliphatic alkyl tertiary amines, and quaternary ammonium salts of methyl sulfate;
b) salts of imidazoline or 3-methylimidazoline of long-chain acylaminoethyl and alkyl groups;
c) amine oxides and alkylpyridinium salts.
This standard is applicable to solids or to aqueous solutions of the active material when the relative molecular mass of the cationic-active matter is known or when it has been previously determined if its content is expressed as a percentage by mass.
This standard is not applicable if anionic or amphoteric surface active agents are present.
Note 1: Low relative molecular mass sulfonates of toluene and xylene present as hydrotropes do not interfere when present in concentrations up to and including 15 % (mass fraction) with respect to the active material. At higher levels, their influence shall be evaluated in each particular case.
Note 2: Non-ionic surface active agents, soap, urea and the salts of (ethylenedinitrilo)tetraacetic acid do not interfere.
Note 3: Typical inorganic components in detergent formulations, such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium borate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium perborate, sodium silicate, etc., do not interfere. However, bleaching agents other than sodium perborate shall be destroyed before analysis, and the sample shall be completely soluble in water.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (GB/T 6682-2008, ISO 3696:1987, MOD)
GB/T 13173 Surface active agents - Test methods for detergents (GB/T 13173-2008, ISO 607:1980, ISO 2996:1974, ISO 4313:1976, ISO 4325:1990, ISO 697:1981, MOD; ISO 4321:1997, IDT)
QB/T 2739 Preparations of standard volumetric solutions of general test methods for washing products
3 Principle
The cationic-active matter in a sample is titrated in a two-phase (aqueous chloroform) system against a standard anionic surface active agent in the presence of an indicator consisting of mixed anionic and cationic dyes. The cationic surface active agent present in the sample initially reacts with the anionic dye to form a salt which dissolves in the chloroform layer, imparting a blue colour to this layer. During the titration, the anionic surface active agent displaces the anionic dye and, at the end point, forms a salt with the cationic dye, imparting a greyish-pink colour to the chloroform layer.
4 Reagents
During the analysis, unless otherwise specified, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and only Grade III water specified in GB/T 6682.
Contents of GB/T 5174-2018
Contents
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Principle
4 Reagents
5 Apparatus
6 Specimen preparation
7 Procedure
8 Expression of results
9 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Technical differences between this standard and ISO 2871-1:2010 and ISO 2871-2:2010 and their justifications
