GB/T 631-2026 Chemical reagent—Ammonia solution English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 631-2026
Chemical reagent - Ammonia solution
化学试剂 氨水
Issue date: 2026-02-27 Implementation date: 2026-09-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Description
5 Technical Requirements
6 Test Methods
7 Inspection Rules
8 Packaging and Marking
Chemical reagent — Ammonia solution
WARNING — Certain procedures specified in this document may involve hazardous situations. The user has the responsibility to take appropriate safety and health measures and to ensure compliance with the conditions specified by relevant national regulations.
1 Scope
This document specifies the description, technical requirements, inspection rules, and packaging and marking of the chemical reagent ammonia solution, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document applies to the inspection of the chemical reagent ammonia solution.
NOTE: The molecular formula of the chemical reagent ammonia solution is NH₃·H₂O, the relative molecular mass is 35.05 (based on the 2022 international relative atomic masses), and the CAS number is 1336 21 6.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative reference. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies.
GB/T 601 Chemical reagent — Preparations of standard volumetric solutions
GB/T 602 Chemical reagent — Preparations of standard solutions for impurity determination
GB/T 603 Chemical reagent — Preparations of reagent solutions for use in test methods
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
GB/T 9723-2007 Chemical reagent — General rules for flame atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 9727 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of phosphate
GB/T 9728 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of sulphate
GB/T 9729 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of chloride
GB/T 9740 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of evaporation residue
GB 15258 General rules for preparation of precautionary label for chemicals
GB 15346 Chemical reagent — Packaging and marking
GB/T 23942-2009 Chemical reagent — General rules for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
GB 28644.2 Limited quantity and packaging requirements of dangerous goods
GB/T 34672-2017 Chemical reagent — General rules for ion chromatography
GB/T 39486-2020 Chemical reagent — General rules for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
HG/T 3921 Chemical reagent — Sampling and acceptance rules
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions need to be defined in this document.
4 Description
Ammonia solution is an aqueous solution of ammonia. It is a colourless, transparent liquid with a pungent odour, absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, and has a density of approximately 0.90 g/mL.
5 Technical requirements
The technical requirements for ammonia solution (guaranteed reagent, analytical reagent and chemical reagent) shall comply with Table 1, and the technical requirements for high purity ammonia solution shall comply with Table 2.
6 Test methods
6.1 General provisions
Unless otherwise specified in this clause, all standard volumetric solutions, standard solutions, preparations and products used shall be prepared in accordance with GB/T 601, GB/T 602 and GB/T 603. The water used for the laboratory shall comply with the specifications for Grade 3 water in GB/T 6682 (the water for high purity ammonia solution shall comply with the specifications for Grade 1 water in GB/T 6682). All reagents used shall be of analytical grade or higher. All samples shall be measured to within 0.1 mL. Unless otherwise indicated, the percentages "%" used for solutions are mass fractions.
6.2 Ammonia solution
Measure 15 mL of water and transfer it to a stoppered light body conical flask, then weigh. Add 1 mL of the sample, immediately close the stopper, and weigh again. Both weighings shall be accurate to 0.0001 g. Add 40 mL of water and 2 drops of methyl red methylene blue mixed indicator solution, and titrate with hydrochloric acid standard volumetric solution [c(HCl) = 0.5 mol/L] until the solution turns red.
The mass fraction of ammonia (w₁) is calculated according to formula (1):
The absolute difference between two parallel determination results shall not be greater than 0.2%. The arithmetic mean of the two parallel determination results shall be taken as the final result.
6.3 Evaporation residue
Measure 55 mL (50 g) of the sample [for high purity, measure 110 mL (100 g)] and determine in accordance with GB/T 9740.
6.4 Chloride
6.4.1 Turbidimetric method (arbitration method — except for high purity)
6.4.1.1 Preparation of test solution
Measure 110 mL (100 g) of the sample, add 1.7 mL of sodium carbonate solution (50 g/L), evaporate to dryness on a water bath, dissolve the residue with water, and dilute to 50 mL.
6.4.1.2 Determination method
Measure 10 mL of the test solution, dilute to 20 mL, and then determine in accordance with GB/T 9729. The turbidity produced by the solution shall not exceed that of the standard turbidity comparison solution.
The standard turbidity comparison solution is prepared by taking a chloride (Cl) standard solution containing 0.01 mg (guaranteed reagent, analytical reagent) or 0.02 mg (chemical reagent), diluting to 20 mL, and treating it simultaneously and in the same manner as the test solution.
6.4.2 Ion chromatography method
6.4.2.1 Reagents, materials and instruments
Carry out in accordance with the provisions of Clauses 5 and 6 of GB/T 34672-2017.
6.4.2.2 Instrument conditions
Chromatography column: column length 250 mm, internal diameter 4 mm; ethylstyrene divinylbenzene polymer with alkanol quaternary ammonium ion exchange groups, particle size 9 μm, pH tolerance range 0 to 14. Alternatively, other chromatography columns capable of achieving similar separation.
Eluent: 30 mmol/L potassium hydroxide solution.
Eluent flow rate: 1.0 mL/min.
Chromatography column temperature: 30 °C.
Detector temperature: 35 °C.
Suppressor: Anion suppressor.
Suppression current: 75 mA.
Injection volume: 25 μL.
The above instrument conditions may be optimised according to specific circumstances.
A typical ion chromatogram for the determination of chloride, sulphate and phosphate is shown in Figure A.1 of Annex A.
6.4.2.3 Determination method
Depending on the content of anions in the sample, weigh 10 g to 50 g (accurate to 0.0001 g) of the sample, transfer to an evaporating dish, evaporate and concentrate to approximately 5 mL on a water bath or an adjustable temperature hot plate. After cooling, transfer to a 100 mL volumetric flask and dilute to the mark. Determine in accordance with 10.5.1 of GB/T 34672-2017, and carry out a blank test simultaneously.
6.4.2.4 Calculation
The mass fraction of the anion (w₂) is calculated according to formula (2):
6.5 Sulfide
Measure 55 mL (50 g) of the sample, add 0.5 mL of lead acetate (alkaline solution), and shake. The dark colour produced by the solution shall not be deeper than that of the standard colour comparison solution.
The standard colour comparison solution is prepared by taking a sulfide (S) standard solution containing 0.010 mg (high purity, guaranteed reagent, analytical reagent) or 0.025 mg (chemical reagent), diluting to 55 mL, and treating it simultaneously and in the same manner as the sample.
6.6 Sulphate
6.6.1 Turbidimetric method (arbitration method — except for high purity)
Measure 10 mL (for chemical reagent, measure 5 mL) of the test solution (6.4.1.1), dilute to 20 mL, add 0.5 mL of hydrochloric acid solution (20%) to acidify, and then determine in accordance with GB/T 9728. The turbidity produced by the solution shall not exceed that of the standard turbidity comparison solution.
Standard
GB/T 631-2026 Chemical reagent—Ammonia solution (English Version)
GB/T 631-2026 Chemical reagent—Ammonia solution English, Anglais, Englisch, Inglés, えいご
This is a draft translation for reference among interesting stakeholders. The finalized translation (passing through draft translation, self-check, revision and verification) will be delivered upon being ordered.
ICS
CCS
National Standard of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 631-2026
Chemical reagent - Ammonia solution
化学试剂 氨水
Issue date: 2026-02-27 Implementation date: 2026-09-01
Issued by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China
the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China
Contents
Foreword
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Description
5 Technical Requirements
6 Test Methods
7 Inspection Rules
8 Packaging and Marking
Chemical reagent — Ammonia solution
WARNING — Certain procedures specified in this document may involve hazardous situations. The user has the responsibility to take appropriate safety and health measures and to ensure compliance with the conditions specified by relevant national regulations.
1 Scope
This document specifies the description, technical requirements, inspection rules, and packaging and marking of the chemical reagent ammonia solution, and describes the corresponding test methods.
This document applies to the inspection of the chemical reagent ammonia solution.
NOTE: The molecular formula of the chemical reagent ammonia solution is NH₃·H₂O, the relative molecular mass is 35.05 (based on the 2022 international relative atomic masses), and the CAS number is 1336 21 6.
2 Normative references
The contents of the following documents constitute essential provisions of this document through normative reference. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition (including all amendments) applies.
GB/T 601 Chemical reagent — Preparations of standard volumetric solutions
GB/T 602 Chemical reagent — Preparations of standard solutions for impurity determination
GB/T 603 Chemical reagent — Preparations of reagent solutions for use in test methods
GB/T 6682 Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods
GB/T 9723-2007 Chemical reagent — General rules for flame atomic absorption spectrometry
GB/T 9727 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of phosphate
GB/T 9728 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of sulphate
GB/T 9729 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of chloride
GB/T 9740 Chemical reagent — General method for the determination of evaporation residue
GB 15258 General rules for preparation of precautionary label for chemicals
GB 15346 Chemical reagent — Packaging and marking
GB/T 23942-2009 Chemical reagent — General rules for inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry
GB 28644.2 Limited quantity and packaging requirements of dangerous goods
GB/T 34672-2017 Chemical reagent — General rules for ion chromatography
GB/T 39486-2020 Chemical reagent — General rules for inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
HG/T 3921 Chemical reagent — Sampling and acceptance rules
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions need to be defined in this document.
4 Description
Ammonia solution is an aqueous solution of ammonia. It is a colourless, transparent liquid with a pungent odour, absorbs carbon dioxide from the air, and has a density of approximately 0.90 g/mL.
5 Technical requirements
The technical requirements for ammonia solution (guaranteed reagent, analytical reagent and chemical reagent) shall comply with Table 1, and the technical requirements for high purity ammonia solution shall comply with Table 2.
6 Test methods
6.1 General provisions
Unless otherwise specified in this clause, all standard volumetric solutions, standard solutions, preparations and products used shall be prepared in accordance with GB/T 601, GB/T 602 and GB/T 603. The water used for the laboratory shall comply with the specifications for Grade 3 water in GB/T 6682 (the water for high purity ammonia solution shall comply with the specifications for Grade 1 water in GB/T 6682). All reagents used shall be of analytical grade or higher. All samples shall be measured to within 0.1 mL. Unless otherwise indicated, the percentages "%" used for solutions are mass fractions.
6.2 Ammonia solution
Measure 15 mL of water and transfer it to a stoppered light body conical flask, then weigh. Add 1 mL of the sample, immediately close the stopper, and weigh again. Both weighings shall be accurate to 0.0001 g. Add 40 mL of water and 2 drops of methyl red methylene blue mixed indicator solution, and titrate with hydrochloric acid standard volumetric solution [c(HCl) = 0.5 mol/L] until the solution turns red.
The mass fraction of ammonia (w₁) is calculated according to formula (1):
The absolute difference between two parallel determination results shall not be greater than 0.2%. The arithmetic mean of the two parallel determination results shall be taken as the final result.
6.3 Evaporation residue
Measure 55 mL (50 g) of the sample [for high purity, measure 110 mL (100 g)] and determine in accordance with GB/T 9740.
6.4 Chloride
6.4.1 Turbidimetric method (arbitration method — except for high purity)
6.4.1.1 Preparation of test solution
Measure 110 mL (100 g) of the sample, add 1.7 mL of sodium carbonate solution (50 g/L), evaporate to dryness on a water bath, dissolve the residue with water, and dilute to 50 mL.
6.4.1.2 Determination method
Measure 10 mL of the test solution, dilute to 20 mL, and then determine in accordance with GB/T 9729. The turbidity produced by the solution shall not exceed that of the standard turbidity comparison solution.
The standard turbidity comparison solution is prepared by taking a chloride (Cl) standard solution containing 0.01 mg (guaranteed reagent, analytical reagent) or 0.02 mg (chemical reagent), diluting to 20 mL, and treating it simultaneously and in the same manner as the test solution.
6.4.2 Ion chromatography method
6.4.2.1 Reagents, materials and instruments
Carry out in accordance with the provisions of Clauses 5 and 6 of GB/T 34672-2017.
6.4.2.2 Instrument conditions
Chromatography column: column length 250 mm, internal diameter 4 mm; ethylstyrene divinylbenzene polymer with alkanol quaternary ammonium ion exchange groups, particle size 9 μm, pH tolerance range 0 to 14. Alternatively, other chromatography columns capable of achieving similar separation.
Eluent: 30 mmol/L potassium hydroxide solution.
Eluent flow rate: 1.0 mL/min.
Chromatography column temperature: 30 °C.
Detector temperature: 35 °C.
Suppressor: Anion suppressor.
Suppression current: 75 mA.
Injection volume: 25 μL.
The above instrument conditions may be optimised according to specific circumstances.
A typical ion chromatogram for the determination of chloride, sulphate and phosphate is shown in Figure A.1 of Annex A.
6.4.2.3 Determination method
Depending on the content of anions in the sample, weigh 10 g to 50 g (accurate to 0.0001 g) of the sample, transfer to an evaporating dish, evaporate and concentrate to approximately 5 mL on a water bath or an adjustable temperature hot plate. After cooling, transfer to a 100 mL volumetric flask and dilute to the mark. Determine in accordance with 10.5.1 of GB/T 34672-2017, and carry out a blank test simultaneously.
6.4.2.4 Calculation
The mass fraction of the anion (w₂) is calculated according to formula (2):
6.5 Sulfide
Measure 55 mL (50 g) of the sample, add 0.5 mL of lead acetate (alkaline solution), and shake. The dark colour produced by the solution shall not be deeper than that of the standard colour comparison solution.
The standard colour comparison solution is prepared by taking a sulfide (S) standard solution containing 0.010 mg (high purity, guaranteed reagent, analytical reagent) or 0.025 mg (chemical reagent), diluting to 55 mL, and treating it simultaneously and in the same manner as the sample.
6.6 Sulphate
6.6.1 Turbidimetric method (arbitration method — except for high purity)
Measure 10 mL (for chemical reagent, measure 5 mL) of the test solution (6.4.1.1), dilute to 20 mL, add 0.5 mL of hydrochloric acid solution (20%) to acidify, and then determine in accordance with GB/T 9728. The turbidity produced by the solution shall not exceed that of the standard turbidity comparison solution.
