1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to provide technical criteria for design of mountain ridge road tunnel.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to all kinds of two-lane tunnels with major excavation mean of drilling and blasting method, road tunnel of other forms may also comply with this.
1.0.3 Tunnel layout and design shall abide by first principles of give full play to tunnel function, safety and economically construct tunnel.
Design of the tunnel shall have a complete investigation and survey information; it shall takes topography, geology, hydrology, meteorology, earthquake, trafficking and its components, as well as the construction and operation conditions into consideration, and then makes multivariate comparison on technology, economy, and environmental protection to make the design of the tunnel meet the requirement of safe and practical, reliable quality, reasonable economy and state-of-art technology.
1.0.4 Road tunnel may be divided into four types according to its length, see table 1.0.4.
Table 1.0.4 Classification of the Road Tunnel Length
Classification Special long tunnel Long tunnel Middle tunnel Short tunnel
Length (m) L>3000 3000≥L>1000 1000≥L>500 L≤500
Note: Length of the tunnel refers to distance between intersecting line of portal wall face and pavement at both ends and intersecting point of the channel center line.
1.0.5 Main structure of the tunnel must be designed as permanent building: with provided strength, stability and durability; established tunnel shall be able to adapt to the needs of long-term operation to facilitate maintenance operations.
1.0.6 It shall strengthen coordination between design of the major structures like tunnel support lining, drainage-proof, roads and design of operating facilities like ventilation, lighting, power supply/distribution, fire, and traffic control operation to a rational comprehensive design. If necessary, it shall carry out special design and studies to deal with relevant technical issues.
1.0.7 Civil design of the tunnel shall reflect the concept of dynamic design and informatization construction and be established general program on geological observations and monitor measurements; tunnels with complicated geological conditions shall be established geological prediction program to timely judge reasonableness for the design, and to adjust support parameters and construction program. By dynamic design, it makes supporting structure adaptable to the actual situation in the surrounding rock, and makes it with greater security and more economy.
1.0.8 Design of the tunnel shall implement relevant technical economy policies of the nation; positively and prudently adopt new techniques, new materials, new equipments and new technology.
1.0.9 Design of the tunnel must meet the requirement of state regulations like state land management, environmental protection, water and soil conservation. It shall pay attention to the economic use of land, farmland protection and water conservancy facilities, to protect the existing vegetation as possible and properly handle the waste slag and sewage.
1.0.10 Not only the requirements for design of road tunnel, but also those specified in the current relevant compulsory ones of the nation shall be complied with.
Contents
1 General provision
2 Major terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Tunnel investigation and surrounding rock classification
3.1 General requirements
3.2 Collection of data
3.3 Topography and geological survey
3.4 Meteorological investigation
3.5 Environmental survey for the engineering
3.6 Surrounding rock classification
4 Overall designs
4.1 General requirement
4.2 Selection of tunnel site
4.3 Line shape design of tunnel
4.4 Design for cross section not the tunnel
4.5 Construction plan
5 Building material
5.1 General requirement
5.2 Material property
6 Loads
6.1 General requirement
6.2 Permanent load
6.3 Variable load
6.4 Accidental load
7 Tunnel adit and portal
7.1 General requirement
7.2 Tunnel adit engineering
7.3 Portal engineering
8 Design for lining structure
8.1 General requirement
8.2 Anchor-spray lining
8.3 Cast-in-place lining
8.4 Combined type lining
8.5 Open tunnel lining
9 Structural Calculations
9.1 General requirements
9.2 Lining calculation
9.3 Open tunnel calculation
9.4 Portal calculation
9.5 Structure requirement
10 Waterproofs and Drainage
10.1 General requirements
10.2 Waterproof
10.3 Drainage
10.4 Waterproof and drainage at the portal and open tunnel
11 Neighborhood and Multi-arch Tunnel
11.1 Neighborhood tunnel
11.2 Multi-arch tunnel
12 Secondary Channels
12.1 General requirements
12.2 Vertical shaft
12.3 Inclined shaft
12.4 Parallel pilot tunnel and horizontal tunnel
12.5 Horizontal adit, wind tunnel and underground machinery room
13 Ancillary works measures
13.1 General requirements
13.2 Ground stabilizing measures
13.3 Gushing water treatment measures
14 Special Geologic Districts
14.1 General requirements
14.2 Expansible surrounding rock
14.3 Solution cavity and worked-out section
14.4 Drift sand
14.5 Layer with gasses
14.6 Loess
14.7 Rock burst
15 Roadbed and pavement in the tunnel
15.1 General requirements
15.2 Roadbed
15.3 Pavement
16 Electromechanical Device and Other Facilities
16.1 Ventilation
16.2 Lighting
16.3 Traffic engineering
16.4 Other facilities
Appendix A Relevant Regulations on Surrounding Rock Classification
Appendix B Standard Inner Contour of the Tunnel
Appendix C Natural Parameter Tables of Shapes
Appendix D Calculation Method of Releasing Load
Appendix E Calculation Method for Load of Shallow-buried Tunnel
Appendix F Calculation Method of Lining Load of Tunnel with Unsymmetrical Pressure
Appendix G Calculation Method for Design Load of Open Tunnel
Appendix H Calculation Method of Soil Pressure Load of the Portal
Appendix I Load-structure Method
Appendix J Stratal Configuration Method
Appendix K Calculation Methods for the Reinforcing Bars of Bending and Compression Reinforced Concrete Members
Appendix L Explanation of Wording in this code
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to provide technical criteria for design of mountain ridge road tunnel.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to all kinds of two-lane tunnels with major excavation mean of drilling and blasting method, road tunnel of other forms may also comply with this.
1.0.3 Tunnel layout and design shall abide by first principles of give full play to tunnel function, safety and economically construct tunnel.
Design of the tunnel shall have a complete investigation and survey information; it shall takes topography, geology, hydrology, meteorology, earthquake, trafficking and its components, as well as the construction and operation conditions into consideration, and then makes multivariate comparison on technology, economy, and environmental protection to make the design of the tunnel meet the requirement of safe and practical, reliable quality, reasonable economy and state-of-art technology.
1.0.4 Road tunnel may be divided into four types according to its length, see table 1.0.4.
Table 1.0.4 Classification of the Road Tunnel Length
Classification Special long tunnel Long tunnel Middle tunnel Short tunnel
Length (m) L>3000 3000≥L>1000 1000≥L>500 L≤500
Note: Length of the tunnel refers to distance between intersecting line of portal wall face and pavement at both ends and intersecting point of the channel center line.
1.0.5 Main structure of the tunnel must be designed as permanent building: with provided strength, stability and durability; established tunnel shall be able to adapt to the needs of long-term operation to facilitate maintenance operations.
1.0.6 It shall strengthen coordination between design of the major structures like tunnel support lining, drainage-proof, roads and design of operating facilities like ventilation, lighting, power supply/distribution, fire, and traffic control operation to a rational comprehensive design. If necessary, it shall carry out special design and studies to deal with relevant technical issues.
1.0.7 Civil design of the tunnel shall reflect the concept of dynamic design and informatization construction and be established general program on geological observations and monitor measurements; tunnels with complicated geological conditions shall be established geological prediction program to timely judge reasonableness for the design, and to adjust support parameters and construction program. By dynamic design, it makes supporting structure adaptable to the actual situation in the surrounding rock, and makes it with greater security and more economy.
1.0.8 Design of the tunnel shall implement relevant technical economy policies of the nation; positively and prudently adopt new techniques, new materials, new equipments and new technology.
1.0.9 Design of the tunnel must meet the requirement of state regulations like state land management, environmental protection, water and soil conservation. It shall pay attention to the economic use of land, farmland protection and water conservancy facilities, to protect the existing vegetation as possible and properly handle the waste slag and sewage.
1.0.10 Not only the requirements for design of road tunnel, but also those specified in the current relevant compulsory ones of the nation shall be complied with.
Contents of JTG D70-2004
Contents
1 General provision
2 Major terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Tunnel investigation and surrounding rock classification
3.1 General requirements
3.2 Collection of data
3.3 Topography and geological survey
3.4 Meteorological investigation
3.5 Environmental survey for the engineering
3.6 Surrounding rock classification
4 Overall designs
4.1 General requirement
4.2 Selection of tunnel site
4.3 Line shape design of tunnel
4.4 Design for cross section not the tunnel
4.5 Construction plan
5 Building material
5.1 General requirement
5.2 Material property
6 Loads
6.1 General requirement
6.2 Permanent load
6.3 Variable load
6.4 Accidental load
7 Tunnel adit and portal
7.1 General requirement
7.2 Tunnel adit engineering
7.3 Portal engineering
8 Design for lining structure
8.1 General requirement
8.2 Anchor-spray lining
8.3 Cast-in-place lining
8.4 Combined type lining
8.5 Open tunnel lining
9 Structural Calculations
9.1 General requirements
9.2 Lining calculation
9.3 Open tunnel calculation
9.4 Portal calculation
9.5 Structure requirement
10 Waterproofs and Drainage
10.1 General requirements
10.2 Waterproof
10.3 Drainage
10.4 Waterproof and drainage at the portal and open tunnel
11 Neighborhood and Multi-arch Tunnel
11.1 Neighborhood tunnel
11.2 Multi-arch tunnel
12 Secondary Channels
12.1 General requirements
12.2 Vertical shaft
12.3 Inclined shaft
12.4 Parallel pilot tunnel and horizontal tunnel
12.5 Horizontal adit, wind tunnel and underground machinery room
13 Ancillary works measures
13.1 General requirements
13.2 Ground stabilizing measures
13.3 Gushing water treatment measures
14 Special Geologic Districts
14.1 General requirements
14.2 Expansible surrounding rock
14.3 Solution cavity and worked-out section
14.4 Drift sand
14.5 Layer with gasses
14.6 Loess
14.7 Rock burst
15 Roadbed and pavement in the tunnel
15.1 General requirements
15.2 Roadbed
15.3 Pavement
16 Electromechanical Device and Other Facilities
16.1 Ventilation
16.2 Lighting
16.3 Traffic engineering
16.4 Other facilities
Appendix A Relevant Regulations on Surrounding Rock Classification
Appendix B Standard Inner Contour of the Tunnel
Appendix C Natural Parameter Tables of Shapes
Appendix D Calculation Method of Releasing Load
Appendix E Calculation Method for Load of Shallow-buried Tunnel
Appendix F Calculation Method of Lining Load of Tunnel with Unsymmetrical Pressure
Appendix G Calculation Method for Design Load of Open Tunnel
Appendix H Calculation Method of Soil Pressure Load of the Portal
Appendix I Load-structure Method
Appendix J Stratal Configuration Method
Appendix K Calculation Methods for the Reinforcing Bars of Bending and Compression Reinforced Concrete Members
Appendix L Explanation of Wording in this code
