High-voltage Test Techniques for Low-voltage Equipment — Definitions, Test and Procedure Requirements, Test Equipment
1 Scope
This standard specifies:
— defined terms of both general and specific applicability;
— general requirements regarding test objects and test procedures;
— methods for generation and measurement of test voltages;
— test procedures;
— methods for the evaluation of test results and to indicate criteria for acceptance;
— requirements concerning approved measuring devices and checking methods;
— measurement uncertainty.
Note 1: For examples of expression and evaluation of measurement uncertainty, see Annex A and Annex B.
Alternative test procedures may be required and these should be specified by the relevant technical committees.
Care should be taken if the test object has voltage limiting devices, as they may influence the results of the test. The relevant technical committees should provide guidance for testing objects equipped with voltage limiting devices.
This standard is applicable to the dielectric tests with direct voltage, alternating voltage, impulse voltage and test equipment having a rated voltage of not more than 1 kV a.c. or 1.5 kV d.c.
This standard is applicable to type and routine tests for low-voltage equipment which are subjected to high voltage tests as specified by the technical committee.
The test equipment comprises a voltage generator and a measuring system. Test equipment in which the measuring system is protected against external interference and coupling by appropriate screening, for example a continuous conducting shield. Therefore, simple comparison tests are sufficient to ensure valid results.
This standard is not intended to be used for electromagnetic compatibility tests on electric or electronic equipment.
Note 2: Tests with the combination of impulse voltages and currents are covered by GB/T 17626.5.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2421.1 Environmental Testing — General and Guidance (IEC 60068-1:2013, IDT)
GB 4706.1 Household and Similar Electrical Appliances — Safety — Part 1: General Requirements (GB 4706.1-2005, IEC 60335-1:2010, IDT)
GB/T 16896.1 Instruments and Software Used for Measurements in High-voltage Impulse Tests — Part 1: Requirements for Instruments (GB/T 16896.1-2005, IEC 61083-1:2001, MOD)
GB/T 16896.2 Instruments and Software Used for Measurements in High-voltage and High-current Tests — Part 2: Requirements for Software for Tests with Impulse Voltages and Currents (GB/T 16896.2-2016, IEC 61083-2:2013, MOD)
GB/T 16927.1-2011 High Voltage Test Techniques — Part 1: General Definitions and Test Requirements (IEC 60060-1:2010, MOD)
GB/T 16927.2-2013 High Voltage Test Techniques — Part 1: Measuring Systems (IEC 60060-2:2010, MOD)
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation Coordination for Equipment within Low-voltage Systems — Part 1: Principles, Requirements and Tests (EC 60664-1:2007, IDT)
JJF 1059.1-2012 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
clearance
distance between two conductive parts along a string stretched across the shortest path between these conductive parts
[GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.2]
3.1.2
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of a solid insulating material between two conductive parts
[GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.3]
3.2 Disruptive discharge and test voltages
3.2.1
disruptive discharge
failure of insulation under electric stress, in which the discharge completely bridges the insulation under test, reducing the voltage between electrodes to practically zero
[GB/T 16927.1-2011, Definition 3.1.1]
3.2.2
withstand voltage
specified voltage value which characterizes the insulation of the object with regard to a withstand test
[GB/T 16927.1-2011, Definition 3.2.4]
Note: Unless otherwise specified, withstand voltages are referred to standard reference atmospheric conditions (see 4.2).
3.3 Definitions related to the test of measuring system
3.3.1
calibration
set of operations that establishes, by reference to standards, the relationship which exists, under specified conditions, between an indication and a result of a measurement
Note: The determination of the scale factor is included in the calibration.
3.3.2
type test
conformity test made on one or more items representative of the production
Note: For a measuring system, this is a test performed on a component or on a complete measuring system of the same design to characterize it under operating conditions.
3.3.3
routine test
conformity test made on each individual item during or after manufacture
Note: This is a test performed on each component or on each complete measuring system to characterize it under operating conditions.
3.3.4
performance test
test performed on a complete measuring system to characterize it under operating conditions
[GB/T 16927.2-2013, Definition 3.7.4]
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and definitions
4 General Requirements
5 Tests with Direct Voltage
6 Tests with Alternating Voltage
7 Tests with Impulse Voltage
8 Reference Measurement Systems
Annex A (Informative) Uncertainty of Measurement
Annex B (Informative) Example for the Evaluation of Measuring Uncertainties in Voltage Measurement
Annex C (Informative) Atmospheric Correction
Bibliography
High-voltage Test Techniques for Low-voltage Equipment — Definitions, Test and Procedure Requirements, Test Equipment
1 Scope
This standard specifies:
— defined terms of both general and specific applicability;
— general requirements regarding test objects and test procedures;
— methods for generation and measurement of test voltages;
— test procedures;
— methods for the evaluation of test results and to indicate criteria for acceptance;
— requirements concerning approved measuring devices and checking methods;
— measurement uncertainty.
Note 1: For examples of expression and evaluation of measurement uncertainty, see Annex A and Annex B.
Alternative test procedures may be required and these should be specified by the relevant technical committees.
Care should be taken if the test object has voltage limiting devices, as they may influence the results of the test. The relevant technical committees should provide guidance for testing objects equipped with voltage limiting devices.
This standard is applicable to the dielectric tests with direct voltage, alternating voltage, impulse voltage and test equipment having a rated voltage of not more than 1 kV a.c. or 1.5 kV d.c.
This standard is applicable to type and routine tests for low-voltage equipment which are subjected to high voltage tests as specified by the technical committee.
The test equipment comprises a voltage generator and a measuring system. Test equipment in which the measuring system is protected against external interference and coupling by appropriate screening, for example a continuous conducting shield. Therefore, simple comparison tests are sufficient to ensure valid results.
This standard is not intended to be used for electromagnetic compatibility tests on electric or electronic equipment.
Note 2: Tests with the combination of impulse voltages and currents are covered by GB/T 17626.5.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2421.1 Environmental Testing — General and Guidance (IEC 60068-1:2013, IDT)
GB 4706.1 Household and Similar Electrical Appliances — Safety — Part 1: General Requirements (GB 4706.1-2005, IEC 60335-1:2010, IDT)
GB/T 16896.1 Instruments and Software Used for Measurements in High-voltage Impulse Tests — Part 1: Requirements for Instruments (GB/T 16896.1-2005, IEC 61083-1:2001, MOD)
GB/T 16896.2 Instruments and Software Used for Measurements in High-voltage and High-current Tests — Part 2: Requirements for Software for Tests with Impulse Voltages and Currents (GB/T 16896.2-2016, IEC 61083-2:2013, MOD)
GB/T 16927.1-2011 High Voltage Test Techniques — Part 1: General Definitions and Test Requirements (IEC 60060-1:2010, MOD)
GB/T 16927.2-2013 High Voltage Test Techniques — Part 1: Measuring Systems (IEC 60060-2:2010, MOD)
GB/T 16935.1-2008 Insulation Coordination for Equipment within Low-voltage Systems — Part 1: Principles, Requirements and Tests (EC 60664-1:2007, IDT)
JJF 1059.1-2012 Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
clearance
distance between two conductive parts along a string stretched across the shortest path between these conductive parts
[GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.2]
3.1.2
creepage distance
shortest distance along the surface of a solid insulating material between two conductive parts
[GB/T 16935.1-2008, Definition 3.3]
3.2 Disruptive discharge and test voltages
3.2.1
disruptive discharge
failure of insulation under electric stress, in which the discharge completely bridges the insulation under test, reducing the voltage between electrodes to practically zero
[GB/T 16927.1-2011, Definition 3.1.1]
3.2.2
withstand voltage
specified voltage value which characterizes the insulation of the object with regard to a withstand test
[GB/T 16927.1-2011, Definition 3.2.4]
Note: Unless otherwise specified, withstand voltages are referred to standard reference atmospheric conditions (see 4.2).
3.3 Definitions related to the test of measuring system
3.3.1
calibration
set of operations that establishes, by reference to standards, the relationship which exists, under specified conditions, between an indication and a result of a measurement
Note: The determination of the scale factor is included in the calibration.
3.3.2
type test
conformity test made on one or more items representative of the production
Note: For a measuring system, this is a test performed on a component or on a complete measuring system of the same design to characterize it under operating conditions.
3.3.3
routine test
conformity test made on each individual item during or after manufacture
Note: This is a test performed on each component or on each complete measuring system to characterize it under operating conditions.
3.3.4
performance test
test performed on a complete measuring system to characterize it under operating conditions
[GB/T 16927.2-2013, Definition 3.7.4]
Contents of GB/T 17627-2019
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and definitions
4 General Requirements
5 Tests with Direct Voltage
6 Tests with Alternating Voltage
7 Tests with Impulse Voltage
8 Reference Measurement Systems
Annex A (Informative) Uncertainty of Measurement
Annex B (Informative) Example for the Evaluation of Measuring Uncertainties in Voltage Measurement
Annex C (Informative) Atmospheric Correction
Bibliography
