Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 20394-2013 Gymnastic artificial turf, and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 20394-2013:
——The definition of “gymnastic artificial turf” is modified (see 3.1; 3.1 of Edition 2013);
——Definitions of “dtex” and “tuft density” are added (see 3.12 and 3.13);
——The “product classification” is modified (see 4.1; 4.1 of Edition 2013);
——The “product specification and identification” is deleted (see 4.3 of Edition 2013);
——Appearance requirements are modified (see 5.1; 5.1 of Edition 2013);
——The product specification and dimension are modified (see 5.2; Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The water permeability index is modified (see 5.3; Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——"Friction coefficient" is deleted (see Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——"Organics resistance" is deleted (see Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——“Resilience of turf filament” is deleted (see Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——“Shrinkage of turf filament” is deleted (see Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The breaking force index of turf filament is modified (see Table 2 in 5.3; Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The pull-out force index of a single tuft of filament is modified (see Table 2 in 5.3; Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The breaking force index of backing is modified (see Table 2 in 5.3; Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The tear resistance of backing is deleted (see Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——Requirements for safety performance are added (see 5.4);
——The football shoe method for measuring friction coefficient in Annex B, the resilience test of turf filament in Annex C and the specification of gymnastic artificial turf in Annex E are deleted (see Annex B, Annex C and Annex E of Edition 2013).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Sports Goods of Standardization Administrator of China (SAC/TC 291).
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB/T 20394-2006 and GB/T 20394-2013.
Gymnastic artificial turf
1 Scope
This standard specifies the product classification and specification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of gymnastic artificial turf.
It is applicable to artificial turf paved in sports ground.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2918-1998 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB 6675.4-2014 Safety of toys - Part 4: Migration of certain elements
GB/T 8430-1998 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to artificial weathering: Xenon arc fading lamp test
GB/T 11049-2008 Burning behaviour of carpets - Tablet test at ambient temperature
GB 18587-2001 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limitations of harmful substances emitted from carpets, carpet cushions and adhesives
QB/T 1090-2001 Test method for pull-out force of carpet tufting
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
gymnastic artificial turf
synthetic floorings formed by mechanically tufting or weaving and fixing synthetic fibers with the appearance similar to natural grass on the backing, which are paved by appropriate methods and applied to football, rugby, hockey, tennis, badminton, basketball, runway, gateball sports ground, etc.
3.2
backing
synthetic material layer for fixing turf filament
3.3
longitudinal
direction parallel to the moving direction of products in the manufacturing machine
3.4
cross direction
direction perpendicular to the moving direction of products in the manufacturing machine
3.5
tape yarn
artificial turf filament of net structure on the surface before being carded
3.6
monofilament
artificial turf filament in single filament state before being carded
3.7
curly
artificial turf filament in irregular bending shape
3.8
pile height
length of artificial turf filaments extending above the backing
3.9
tuft
minimum tufting unit of gymnastic artificial turf
3.10
vertical rate
quantity of tufts per meter of gymnastic artificial turf in longitudinal direction
3.11
horizontal rate
number of rows per meter of gymnastic artificial turf in horizontal direction
3.12
dtex
mass (g) of 10 000m long artificial turf filament
3.13
tuft density
quantity of tufts in per square meter of gymnastic artificial turf
4 Product classification and specification
4.1 Product classification
According to the shape of gymnastic artificial turf filament, it can be divided into tape yarn, monofilament and curly.
4.2 Product specification
The specification of gymnastic artificial turf shall at least include:
a) vertical rate (tuft/m);
b) horizontal rate (row/m);
c) pile height (mm);
d) dtex (g/10 000m).
5 Requirements
5.1 Appearance
The gymnastic artificial turf shall be undamaged, without obvious glue stain on the surface. Glue shall be applied on the bottom and back evenly, and there shall be no obvious skipping stitch.
5.2 Specification and dimension of products
The specification and dimension of products shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Specification and dimension of products
S.N. Item Unit Requirements
1 Vertical rate Tolerance rate of longitudinal nominal value % ±2
Horizontal rate Tolerance rate of horizontal nominal value % ±0.3
2 Pile height Tolerance of nominal value mm
3 Dtex Tolerance rate of nominal value % ±10
5.3 Physical and chemical properties
The physical and chemical properties shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Requirements for physical and chemical properties
S.N. Item Unit Technical requirement
Tuft density<18 000 Tuft density≥18 000
1 Water permeability
(before filling silica sand) L/(min·m2) ≥20
2 Acid resistance (test duration: 48h) — There is no obvious change in the colour of turf filament, and no glue aging.
3 Alkali resistance (test duration: 48h) — There is no obvious change in the colour of turf filament, and no glue aging.
4 Breaking force of turf filament (tape yarn)a N ≥60
5 Breaking force of turf filament (monofilament)a N ≥10
6 Wear retention rate of turf filament % ≥97
7 Breaking force retention rate of turf filament after aging test a % ≥80
8 Colour fastness to weathering Class ≥5
9 Low temperature test Breaking force retention rate of turf filament a % ≥80
Pull-out force retention rate of a single tuft of filament b % ≥80
10 Pull-out force of a single tuft of filament b N ≥30 ≥20
11 Backing breaking force Longitudinal N ≥800 ≥600
Cross direction ≥800 ≥600
a For the breaking force and retention rate of turf filament, only the monofilament and tape yarn with a nominal pile height greater than or equal to 30mm are tested, while the turf filaments with a pile height less than 30mm are not tested, and curly is not tested.
b The pull-out force and retention rate of a single tuft of filament are only tested for lawns with the nominal pile height greater than or equal to 20mm, and those with the pile height less than 20mm are not tested.
5.4 Safety performance
5.4.1 Maximum limits of migratable elements
They shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 3.
Table 3 Maximum limits of migratable elements
Type of migratable elements Antimony (Sb) Arsenic (As) Barium (Ba) Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Lead
They shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 4.
Table 4 Release limits of harmful substances
S.N. Test item of harmful substances Limit/[mg/(m2·h)]
1 Total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) ≤0.600
2 Formaldehyde ≤0.050
3 Styrene ≤0.500
4 4-phenylcyclohexene ≤0.050
5.4.3 Flame retardance
The maximum distance from the center to the damaged edge is less than or equal to 50mm.
6 Test methods
6.1 Preparation of specimen
The specimen shall be cut according to the method specified in Annex A.
6.2 Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of specimen
In accordance with Clauses 4 and 5 of GB/T 2918-1998. The test temperature is (23±2)℃, the relative humidity is (50±10)%, and the specimen conditioning duration is 4h.
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Product classification and specification 5 Requirements 6 Test methods 7 Inspection rules 8 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage Annex A (Normative) Sampling and cut-out method of test specimens of gymnastic artificial turf Annex B (Normative) Wear resistance test of turf filament
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 20394-2013 Gymnastic artificial turf, and the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 20394-2013:
——The definition of “gymnastic artificial turf” is modified (see 3.1; 3.1 of Edition 2013);
——Definitions of “dtex” and “tuft density” are added (see 3.12 and 3.13);
——The “product classification” is modified (see 4.1; 4.1 of Edition 2013);
——The “product specification and identification” is deleted (see 4.3 of Edition 2013);
——Appearance requirements are modified (see 5.1; 5.1 of Edition 2013);
——The product specification and dimension are modified (see 5.2; Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The water permeability index is modified (see 5.3; Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——"Friction coefficient" is deleted (see Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——"Organics resistance" is deleted (see Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——“Resilience of turf filament” is deleted (see Table 2 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——“Shrinkage of turf filament” is deleted (see Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The breaking force index of turf filament is modified (see Table 2 in 5.3; Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The pull-out force index of a single tuft of filament is modified (see Table 2 in 5.3; Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The breaking force index of backing is modified (see Table 2 in 5.3; Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——The tear resistance of backing is deleted (see Table 3 in 5.2 of Edition 2013);
——Requirements for safety performance are added (see 5.4);
——The football shoe method for measuring friction coefficient in Annex B, the resilience test of turf filament in Annex C and the specification of gymnastic artificial turf in Annex E are deleted (see Annex B, Annex C and Annex E of Edition 2013).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of National Technical Committee on Sports Goods of Standardization Administrator of China (SAC/TC 291).
The previous editions of this standard are as follows:
——GB/T 20394-2006 and GB/T 20394-2013.
Gymnastic artificial turf
1 Scope
This standard specifies the product classification and specification, requirements, test methods, inspection rules, marking, packaging, transportation and storage of gymnastic artificial turf.
It is applicable to artificial turf paved in sports ground.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2918-1998 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing
GB 6675.4-2014 Safety of toys - Part 4: Migration of certain elements
GB/T 8430-1998 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Colour fastness to artificial weathering: Xenon arc fading lamp test
GB/T 11049-2008 Burning behaviour of carpets - Tablet test at ambient temperature
GB 18587-2001 Indoor decorating and refurbishing materials - Limitations of harmful substances emitted from carpets, carpet cushions and adhesives
QB/T 1090-2001 Test method for pull-out force of carpet tufting
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
gymnastic artificial turf
synthetic floorings formed by mechanically tufting or weaving and fixing synthetic fibers with the appearance similar to natural grass on the backing, which are paved by appropriate methods and applied to football, rugby, hockey, tennis, badminton, basketball, runway, gateball sports ground, etc.
3.2
backing
synthetic material layer for fixing turf filament
3.3
longitudinal
direction parallel to the moving direction of products in the manufacturing machine
3.4
cross direction
direction perpendicular to the moving direction of products in the manufacturing machine
3.5
tape yarn
artificial turf filament of net structure on the surface before being carded
3.6
monofilament
artificial turf filament in single filament state before being carded
3.7
curly
artificial turf filament in irregular bending shape
3.8
pile height
length of artificial turf filaments extending above the backing
3.9
tuft
minimum tufting unit of gymnastic artificial turf
3.10
vertical rate
quantity of tufts per meter of gymnastic artificial turf in longitudinal direction
3.11
horizontal rate
number of rows per meter of gymnastic artificial turf in horizontal direction
3.12
dtex
mass (g) of 10 000m long artificial turf filament
3.13
tuft density
quantity of tufts in per square meter of gymnastic artificial turf
4 Product classification and specification
4.1 Product classification
According to the shape of gymnastic artificial turf filament, it can be divided into tape yarn, monofilament and curly.
4.2 Product specification
The specification of gymnastic artificial turf shall at least include:
a) vertical rate (tuft/m);
b) horizontal rate (row/m);
c) pile height (mm);
d) dtex (g/10 000m).
5 Requirements
5.1 Appearance
The gymnastic artificial turf shall be undamaged, without obvious glue stain on the surface. Glue shall be applied on the bottom and back evenly, and there shall be no obvious skipping stitch.
5.2 Specification and dimension of products
The specification and dimension of products shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 1.
Table 1 Specification and dimension of products
S.N. Item Unit Requirements
1 Vertical rate Tolerance rate of longitudinal nominal value % ±2
Horizontal rate Tolerance rate of horizontal nominal value % ±0.3
2 Pile height Tolerance of nominal value mm
3 Dtex Tolerance rate of nominal value % ±10
5.3 Physical and chemical properties
The physical and chemical properties shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 2.
Table 2 Requirements for physical and chemical properties
S.N. Item Unit Technical requirement
Tuft density<18 000 Tuft density≥18 000
1 Water permeability
(before filling silica sand) L/(min·m2) ≥20
2 Acid resistance (test duration: 48h) — There is no obvious change in the colour of turf filament, and no glue aging.
3 Alkali resistance (test duration: 48h) — There is no obvious change in the colour of turf filament, and no glue aging.
4 Breaking force of turf filament (tape yarn)a N ≥60
5 Breaking force of turf filament (monofilament)a N ≥10
6 Wear retention rate of turf filament % ≥97
7 Breaking force retention rate of turf filament after aging test a % ≥80
8 Colour fastness to weathering Class ≥5
9 Low temperature test Breaking force retention rate of turf filament a % ≥80
Pull-out force retention rate of a single tuft of filament b % ≥80
10 Pull-out force of a single tuft of filament b N ≥30 ≥20
11 Backing breaking force Longitudinal N ≥800 ≥600
Cross direction ≥800 ≥600
a For the breaking force and retention rate of turf filament, only the monofilament and tape yarn with a nominal pile height greater than or equal to 30mm are tested, while the turf filaments with a pile height less than 30mm are not tested, and curly is not tested.
b The pull-out force and retention rate of a single tuft of filament are only tested for lawns with the nominal pile height greater than or equal to 20mm, and those with the pile height less than 20mm are not tested.
5.4 Safety performance
5.4.1 Maximum limits of migratable elements
They shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 3.
Table 3 Maximum limits of migratable elements
Type of migratable elements Antimony (Sb) Arsenic (As) Barium (Ba) Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Lead
(Pb) Mercury (Hg) Selenium (Se)
Maximum limit /(mg/kg) 60 25 1 000 75 60 90 60 500
5.4.2 Release limits of harmful substances
They shall be in accordance with those specified in Table 4.
Table 4 Release limits of harmful substances
S.N. Test item of harmful substances Limit/[mg/(m2·h)]
1 Total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) ≤0.600
2 Formaldehyde ≤0.050
3 Styrene ≤0.500
4 4-phenylcyclohexene ≤0.050
5.4.3 Flame retardance
The maximum distance from the center to the damaged edge is less than or equal to 50mm.
6 Test methods
6.1 Preparation of specimen
The specimen shall be cut according to the method specified in Annex A.
6.2 Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing of specimen
In accordance with Clauses 4 and 5 of GB/T 2918-1998. The test temperature is (23±2)℃, the relative humidity is (50±10)%, and the specimen conditioning duration is 4h.
Contents of GB/T 20394-2019
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Product classification and specification
5 Requirements
6 Test methods
7 Inspection rules
8 Marking, packaging, transportation and storage
Annex A (Normative) Sampling and cut-out method of test specimens of gymnastic artificial turf
Annex B (Normative) Wear resistance test of turf filament
