1 Scope
This standard specifies general requirements for the design and construction of guards which are mostly used to protect personnel from mechanical hazard and harm.
This standard is mainly applicable to machines manufactured after the issuance of this standard.
It shall pay attention to guard application in order to minimize non- mechanical hazard.
This standard is applicable to fixed and movable guards. This standard is not applicable to the components of automatic interlocking device. Interlocking device shall be stipulated by GB/T 18831.
This standard has no requirements for dedicated system capable of moving and lifting materials, such as Roll Over Protection Structure (ROPS) and Falling Object Protective Structures (FOPS)
2 Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest edition of these documents is applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 5226.1 Safety of Machinery—Electrical Equipment of Machines—Part 1: General Requirements(eqv IEC 204-1:1992)
GB 12265.1 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Danger Zones Being Reached by the Upper Limbs
GB 12265.2 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Danger Zones Being Reached by the Lower Limbs
GB 12265.3 Safety of Machinery--Minimum Gaps to Avoid Crushing of Parts of the Human Body
GB/T 15706.1—1995 Safety of machinery--Basic Concept, General Rules for Design--Part 1: Basic Terminology, Methodology(eqv ISO/ TR 12100-1:1992)
GB/T 15706.2—1995 Safety of machinery--Basic Concept, General Rules for Design--Part 2: Technical Principles and Specifications(eqv ISO/ TR 12100-2:1992)
GB/T 16856 Safety of Machinery--Principles for Risk Assessment
GB/T 18831—2002 Safety of Machinery- Interlocking Devices Associated with Guards- Principles for Design and Selection (ISO 14119, MOD)
ISO 14123-1 Safety of Machinery-Reduction of Risks to Health from Hazardous Substances Emitted by Machinery-Part 1: Principles and Specifications for Machinery Manufactures
EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995 Safety of machinery--Basic Concept, General Rules for Design--Part 2: Technical Principles and Specifications
EN 1127-1 Explosive Atmospheres-Explosion Prevention and Protection-Part 1: Basic Concepts and Methodology
EN 1672-2 Food Processing Machinery-Basic Concepts-Part 2: hygiene requirements
Note: Other information will be provided in references.
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this standard. Part of these terms and definitions is determined by GB/T 15706.1.
3.1
Guard
The part of machinery which is dedicated to providing protection through object obstacle. According to their structures, the guards may be shell, shield, screen, door, enclosing guard and so on.
Note 1: The functions of guards may be:
——Independent functioning: It works only when it is closed;
——Functioning jointly with interlocking device with or without guard locking. Under such conditions, the guards will guarantee protection function at any position (See 3.5).
Note 2: The "closed" refers to "staying in position" for fixed guard.
[GB/T15706.1—1995, 3.22]
3.2
Fixed guard
The guard stays in position (namely, closed) by the following mode;
——Permanently fixed (like welded);
——Or fixed by fastening pieces (screw, bolt, etc.). It will be impossible to dismantle or open it without tools.
[GB/T 15706.1—1995, 3.22.1]
3.2.1
Enclosing guard
The guard to prevent entering guard from all directions (See Figure 1)
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 Guard
3.2 Fixed guard
3.3 Movable guard
3.4 Adjustable guard
3.5 Interlocking guard
3.6 Interlocking guard with guard locking
3.7 Guard closed position
3.8 Guard open
3.9 Tool
3.10 Use of a tool
3.11 Frequency of access
4 Risk Assessment
5 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Guards
5.1 Machinery
5.2 Personnel
5.3 Guard design
5.4 Guard manufacture
5.5 Material selection
5.6 Sealability
5.7 Corrosion resistance
5.8 Microorganism-resistance
5.9 Innocuity
5.10 Machinery observation
5.11 Transparency
5.12 Stroboflash influence
5.13 Static electricity characteristic
5.14 Thermal stability
5.15 Combustibility
5.16 Noise and vibration reduction
5.17 Radiation protection
6 Selection of Guard Type
6.1 General principles
6.2 Combination of different guard types or combination of guard and other device
6.3 Selecting guard according to quantity and position of hazards
6.4 Selecting guard according to property and frequency of entry
7 Other Considerations in Design and Construction
7.1 Ascending
7.2 Retaining fastening piece
7.3 Anti-vibration
7.4 Warning sign
7.5 Color
7.6 Aesthetics
8 Inspection for Guard Safety
8.1 General rules
8.2 Impact strength
8.3 Safety distance
8.4 Sealability
8.5 Noise
8.6 Operating force of guard
8.7 Visibility
9 Information for Use
9.1 General rules
9.2 Guard hazard
9.3 Installation
9.4 Operation
9.5 Guard disassembly
9.6 Examination and maintenance
Annex A (Informative) Technical Differences between This Standard and ISO 14120:2002 and Their Reasons
Annex B (Normative) Guideline on Guard Selection for Hazards of Movable Parts
Annex C (Normative) Guidelines on Guard Selection According to Quantity and Position of hazards
References
1 Scope
This standard specifies general requirements for the design and construction of guards which are mostly used to protect personnel from mechanical hazard and harm.
This standard is mainly applicable to machines manufactured after the issuance of this standard.
It shall pay attention to guard application in order to minimize non- mechanical hazard.
This standard is applicable to fixed and movable guards. This standard is not applicable to the components of automatic interlocking device. Interlocking device shall be stipulated by GB/T 18831.
This standard has no requirements for dedicated system capable of moving and lifting materials, such as Roll Over Protection Structure (ROPS) and Falling Object Protective Structures (FOPS)
2 Normative References
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, all parties coming to an agreement according to this standard are encouraged to study whether the latest edition of these documents is applicable. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document is applicable to this standard.
GB/T 5226.1 Safety of Machinery—Electrical Equipment of Machines—Part 1: General Requirements(eqv IEC 204-1:1992)
GB 12265.1 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Danger Zones Being Reached by the Upper Limbs
GB 12265.2 Safety of Machinery - Safety Distances to Prevent Danger Zones Being Reached by the Lower Limbs
GB 12265.3 Safety of Machinery--Minimum Gaps to Avoid Crushing of Parts of the Human Body
GB/T 15706.1—1995 Safety of machinery--Basic Concept, General Rules for Design--Part 1: Basic Terminology, Methodology(eqv ISO/ TR 12100-1:1992)
GB/T 15706.2—1995 Safety of machinery--Basic Concept, General Rules for Design--Part 2: Technical Principles and Specifications(eqv ISO/ TR 12100-2:1992)
GB/T 16856 Safety of Machinery--Principles for Risk Assessment
GB/T 18831—2002 Safety of Machinery- Interlocking Devices Associated with Guards- Principles for Design and Selection (ISO 14119, MOD)
ISO 14123-1 Safety of Machinery-Reduction of Risks to Health from Hazardous Substances Emitted by Machinery-Part 1: Principles and Specifications for Machinery Manufactures
EN 292-2:1991/A1:1995 Safety of machinery--Basic Concept, General Rules for Design--Part 2: Technical Principles and Specifications
EN 1127-1 Explosive Atmospheres-Explosion Prevention and Protection-Part 1: Basic Concepts and Methodology
EN 1672-2 Food Processing Machinery-Basic Concepts-Part 2: hygiene requirements
Note: Other information will be provided in references.
3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this standard. Part of these terms and definitions is determined by GB/T 15706.1.
3.1
Guard
The part of machinery which is dedicated to providing protection through object obstacle. According to their structures, the guards may be shell, shield, screen, door, enclosing guard and so on.
Note 1: The functions of guards may be:
——Independent functioning: It works only when it is closed;
——Functioning jointly with interlocking device with or without guard locking. Under such conditions, the guards will guarantee protection function at any position (See 3.5).
Note 2: The "closed" refers to "staying in position" for fixed guard.
[GB/T15706.1—1995, 3.22]
3.2
Fixed guard
The guard stays in position (namely, closed) by the following mode;
——Permanently fixed (like welded);
——Or fixed by fastening pieces (screw, bolt, etc.). It will be impossible to dismantle or open it without tools.
[GB/T 15706.1—1995, 3.22.1]
3.2.1
Enclosing guard
The guard to prevent entering guard from all directions (See Figure 1)
Contents of GB/T 8196-2003
Foreword
Introduction
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
3.1 Guard
3.2 Fixed guard
3.3 Movable guard
3.4 Adjustable guard
3.5 Interlocking guard
3.6 Interlocking guard with guard locking
3.7 Guard closed position
3.8 Guard open
3.9 Tool
3.10 Use of a tool
3.11 Frequency of access
4 Risk Assessment
5 General Requirements for the Design and Construction of Guards
5.1 Machinery
5.2 Personnel
5.3 Guard design
5.4 Guard manufacture
5.5 Material selection
5.6 Sealability
5.7 Corrosion resistance
5.8 Microorganism-resistance
5.9 Innocuity
5.10 Machinery observation
5.11 Transparency
5.12 Stroboflash influence
5.13 Static electricity characteristic
5.14 Thermal stability
5.15 Combustibility
5.16 Noise and vibration reduction
5.17 Radiation protection
6 Selection of Guard Type
6.1 General principles
6.2 Combination of different guard types or combination of guard and other device
6.3 Selecting guard according to quantity and position of hazards
6.4 Selecting guard according to property and frequency of entry
7 Other Considerations in Design and Construction
7.1 Ascending
7.2 Retaining fastening piece
7.3 Anti-vibration
7.4 Warning sign
7.5 Color
7.6 Aesthetics
8 Inspection for Guard Safety
8.1 General rules
8.2 Impact strength
8.3 Safety distance
8.4 Sealability
8.5 Noise
8.6 Operating force of guard
8.7 Visibility
9 Information for Use
9.1 General rules
9.2 Guard hazard
9.3 Installation
9.4 Operation
9.5 Guard disassembly
9.6 Examination and maintenance
Annex A (Informative) Technical Differences between This Standard and ISO 14120:2002 and Their Reasons
Annex B (Normative) Guideline on Guard Selection for Hazards of Movable Parts
Annex C (Normative) Guidelines on Guard Selection According to Quantity and Position of hazards
References
