Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 8 of this part are compulsory and the rest are recommendatory.
"Automatic Sprinkler System" (GB 5135) is intended to be divided into 15 parts at present:
- Part 1: Sprinkler;
- Part 2: Wet System Alarm Valves;
- Part 3: Water Mist Nozzles;
- Part 4: Dry Pipe Valves;
- Part 5: Deluge Alarm Valves;
- Part 6: Convention Valve;
- Part 7: Water Flow Indicator;
- Part 8: Accelerator;
- Part 9: Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) Automatic Sprinklers;
- Part 10: Pressure Switch;
- Part 11: Grooved Couplings and Fittings;
- Part 12: Extended Coverage Sprinkler;
- Part 13: Drencher Head;
- Part 14: Preaction Device;
- Part 15: Domestic Sprinklers;
……
This part is the Part 1 of GB 5135.
This revision mainly refers to standards such as "Automatic Sprinkler System - Requirements and Test Methods for Sprinkler" (ISO/D1S 6182.1) (English edition in 1998), "Fire-fighting Sprinkler" (UL 199) (English edition in 1997) and "Fire-fighting Sprinkler" (FM 2000) (English edition in 1998).
This standard replaces "Automatic Water-spouting Fire Extinguishing System - Performance Requirements and Test Methods for Sprinklers" (GB 5135-1993). Compared with GB 5135-1993, main changes in this part are as follows:
- Product classification and naming method were revised;
- Dynamic thermal property requirements and corresponding test methods were added (Sections 6.19 and 7.18);
- Lateral sprinkling requirements and corresponding test methods were added (Sections 6.26 and 7.25);
- Protection angle requirements and corresponding measurement methods for water shield were added (Sections 6.27 and 7.26);
- Requirements and corresponding test methods for flush-type, embedded and concealed sprinklers were added (Sections 6.30 and 7.29);
- Requirements on operating instructions for products were added (Section 9.2).
This Part shall replace GB 5135-1993 from the implementation date hereof.
Appendix A in this part is normative; Appendix C, Appendix D and Appendix E are informative.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China.
This part is under the jurisdiction of No.2 Subcommittee of National Technical Committee on Fire Protection of Standardization Administration of China.
Drafting organizations of this Part: Tianjin Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security and Panyu District , Guangzhou Shengjie Fire Equipment Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this part: Zhang Shaoyu, Chuo Fengying, Zhang Junna, Tang Xiaoliang, Wu Jianxu, Li Yi and Chi Lifa.
The previous editions of the standards replaced by this part are as:
- GB 5135-1985 and GB 5135-1993.
Contents
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units 1
4 Classification 2
5 Nominal Aperture, Joint Thread, Color Code and Type/Sizes 4
6 Requirements 5
7 Test Methods 12
8 Inspection Rules 34
9 Marking and Operating Instructions 38
10 Packaging, Transportation and Storage 38
Appendix A (Normative) Tolerance 39
Appendix B (Informative) Calculation Method for Error Limit 40
Appendix C (Informative) Analysis of Strength Test for Fusible Elements 42
Appendix D (Informative) Calculation Example for RTI and C Values 43
Appendix E (Informative) Calculation Method for Thermal Response Time Error Limit of Flush-type, Embedded and Concealed Sprinklers 44
Automatic Sprinkler System – Part 1: Sprinkler
自动喷水灭火系统
第1部分:洒水喷头
1 Scope
This part of GB 5135 specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules as well as marking, packaging, transportation and storage for sprinklers of automatic sprinkler systems.
This part is applicable to sprinklers of automatic sprinkler systems.
This part is not applicable to early suppression fast response (ESFR) sprinklers, multiple nozzle sprinklers, Water mist nozzles, drencher heads, open-close sprinklers, large-orifice sprinklers and extended coverage (EC) sprinklers.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this part of GB 5135, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excluding amending errors in the text) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, the parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 7306 (All parts) Pipe Threads with 55 Degree Thread Angle Where Pressure-tight Joints Are Made on the Threads
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
For the purpose of this part of GB 5135, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
Sprinkler
It refers to a kind of water sprinkling device that is started up by itself within the preset temperature range or by the control equipment according to signals of fire hazards under the action of heat and that is sprinkled according to the designed water sprinkling shape and flow.
3.2
Conductivity factor
It refers to the measurement of heat conduction capacity for thermal sensitive elements with the fixtures, with its symbol of C and unit of (m/s)0.5.
3.3
Response time index
It is the measurement action sensitivity for sprinklers, expressed as RTI=τμ0.5 with τ of the time constant of thermal sensitive elements with unit of s and μ of gas flow rate with unit of m/s. The symbol for response time index is RTI with the unit of (m•s)0.5.
3.4
Standard deviation
Where the thermal sensitive elements are symmetrical, the standard deviation refers to the deviation that the gas flow direction is made not only vertical to the axial line of sprinkler water flow and but also the plane located for its yoke arm; where the thermal sensitive elements are asymmetrically, it refers to the deviation where the gas flow direction is made not only vertical to the axial line of sprinkler water flow but also the plane located for its yoke arm and minimum response time is generated simultaneously.
3.5
Worst deviation
It refers to the deviation where the gas flow direction is made vertical to the axial line of the sprinkler inlet and the maximum response time is generated.
3.6
Assemble load
It refers to the force applied to the sprinkler where the water pressure at sprinkler inlet is 0.
3.7
Service load
It refers to the resultant force of the force produced where 1.2MPa water pressure is applied to the sprinkler inlet and that applied to the sprinkler by the assemble load of sprinklers.
3.8
Design load
It refers to the force applied to the thermal sensitive element where the sprinkler bears service load.
3.9
Static operating temperature
It refers to the tempratature where the thermal sensitive elements of sprinklers are operated in the liquid bath at certain heating rate.
4 Classification
4.1 Classification according to structure form
4.1.1 Close-type sprinkler
It refers to sprinklers possessed of release mechanism.
4.1.2 Open-type sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers without release mechanism.
4.2 Classification according to thermal sensitive elements
4.2.1 Fusible element sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are opened through fusion by heating of fusible elements
4.2.2 Glass ball sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are opened through which the filled liquid in the glass ball is expanded when heated and then the glass ball is burst.
4.3 Classification according to installation position and water distribution
4.3.1 Universal sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that may be installed either uprightly or pendently and within certain protection area, the water is distributed in a globular form, sprinkled downward and also upward.
4.3.2 Upright sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are installed uprightly and the water flow is flushed upward and toward the deflector.
4.3.3 Pendent sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are installed pendently and the water flow is flushed downward and toward the deflector.
4.3.4 Sidewall sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are installed near the wall and water was sprinkled toward one side (in half parabola).
4.4 Classification according to sprinkler sensitivity
4.4.1 Fast response sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers whose response time index (RTI) is less than or equal to 50 (m·s)0.5 and the conductivity factor (C) is less than or equal to 1.0(m/s)0.5.
4.4.2 Specific response sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers whose average response time index (RTI) is between 50(m·s)0.5 and 80(m·s)0.5 and the conductivity factor (C) is less than or equal to 1.0(m/s)0.5.
4.4.3 Standard response sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers whose response time index (RTI) is between 80 (m·s)0.5 and 350(m·s)0.5, and the conductivity factor (C) is less than or equal to 2.0(m/s)0.5.
4.5 Special sprinklers
4.5.1 Dry type upright sprinklers
It refers to sprinkles that is constituted of a special stub pipe and sprinklers installed at outlet of the special stub pipe and there is a sealer at the inlet of the stub pipe, which may prevent water from entering into the stub pipe before sprinkling.
4.5.2 Flush-type sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that some partial (including the thread in the root) installed above the lower plane of the suspended ceiling while partial or the whole thermal sensitive elements below the lower plane of the suspended ceiling.
4.5.3 Embedded sprinklers
It refers to the sprinklers that the partial or the whole is installed in the shield embedded in the suspended ceiling except the thread in the root.
4.5.4 Concealed sprinklers
It refers to embedded sprinklers with decorative cover plate.
4.5.5 Sprinklers with coating
It refers to the sprinklers covered withfusible anticorrosive materials such as beeswax or bitumen on their external, with or without coating.
4.5.6 Sprinklers with water shield
It refers to sprinklers that are used for storage rack or open space grid with water shield fixed above the thermal sensitive elements which may prevent sprinklers installed at a high place from sprinkling on the thermal sensitive element.
5 Nominal Aperture, Joint Thread, Color Code and Type/Sizes
5.1 Nominal aperture and joint thread of sprinklers
Nominal aperture and joint thread of sprinklers are detailed in Table 1.
Table 1 Nominal Aperture and Joint Thread of Sprinklers
Nominal aperture, mm Joint thread, in
10 R 1/2 and R 3/8
15 R 1/2
20 R 3/4
5.2 Nominal operating temperature and color code
Nominal operating temperature and color code of close-type sprinklers are detailed in Table 2.
Nominal operating temperature of glass ball sprinklers is divided into 13 gears and corresponding color code shall be made in the glass ball working solution.
Nominal operating temperature of fusible element sprinklers is divided into 7 gears and corresponding color code shall be made on sprinkler yoke arm or at corresponding position.
Table 2 Nominal Operating Temperature and Color Code
Glass ball sprinklers Fusible element sprinklers
Nominal operating temperature, ℃ Color code for the liquid Nominal operating temperature, ℃ Color code for yoke arm
57 Orange
68 Red
79 Yellow 57~77 Colorless
93 Green 80~107 White
107 Green 121~149 Blue
121 Blue 163~191 Red
141 Blue 204~246 Green
163 Purple 260~302 Orange
182 Purple 320~343 Orange
204 Black
227 Black
260 Black
343 Black
5.3 Type/sizes of sprinklers
5.3.1 Type/sizes of sprinklers is composed of type characteristic code (model), property code, nominal aperture and nominal operating temperature etc.
5.3.2 Type characteristic code indicates product structure form and characteristics, which is constituted of 3 capital English letters and Arabic numerals or the combination and may be named by the manufacturer itself.
5.3.3 Property code indicates characteristics such as sprinkling distribution type, thermal response type or installation position and is constituted of the following symbols:
Universal sprinklers: ZSTP
Upright sprinklers: ZSTZ
Pendent sprinklers: ZSTX
Upright sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBZ
Pendent sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBX
Universal sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBP
Horizontal sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBS
Flush-type sprinklers: ZSTDQ
Embedded sprinklers: ZSTDR
Concealed sprinklers: ZSTDY
Dry type sprinklers: ZSTG
"K" and "T" are added before the property code with "-" for the separation from the property code for fast response sprinklers and specific response sprinklers. No any symbol is added before the property code for standard response sprinklers; "C" and "S" are respectively added before the property code for sprinklers with coating and sprinklers with water shield with the "-" for the separation from the property code.
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
4 Classification
5 Nominal Aperture, Joint Thread, Color Code and Type/Sizes
6 Requirements
7 Test Methods
8 Inspection Rules
9 Marking and Operating Instructions
10 Packaging, Transportation and Storage
Appendix A (Normative) Tolerance
Appendix B (Informative) Calculation Method for Error Limit
Appendix C (Informative) Analysis of Strength Test for Fusible Elements
Appendix D (Informative) Calculation Example for RTI and C Values
Appendix E (Informative) Calculation Method for Thermal Response Time Error Limit of Flush-type, Embedded and Concealed Sprinklers
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
Chapters 4, 5, 6 and 8 of this part are compulsory and the rest are recommendatory.
"Automatic Sprinkler System" (GB 5135) is intended to be divided into 15 parts at present:
- Part 1: Sprinkler;
- Part 2: Wet System Alarm Valves;
- Part 3: Water Mist Nozzles;
- Part 4: Dry Pipe Valves;
- Part 5: Deluge Alarm Valves;
- Part 6: Convention Valve;
- Part 7: Water Flow Indicator;
- Part 8: Accelerator;
- Part 9: Early Suppression Fast Response (ESFR) Automatic Sprinklers;
- Part 10: Pressure Switch;
- Part 11: Grooved Couplings and Fittings;
- Part 12: Extended Coverage Sprinkler;
- Part 13: Drencher Head;
- Part 14: Preaction Device;
- Part 15: Domestic Sprinklers;
……
This part is the Part 1 of GB 5135.
This revision mainly refers to standards such as "Automatic Sprinkler System - Requirements and Test Methods for Sprinkler" (ISO/D1S 6182.1) (English edition in 1998), "Fire-fighting Sprinkler" (UL 199) (English edition in 1997) and "Fire-fighting Sprinkler" (FM 2000) (English edition in 1998).
This standard replaces "Automatic Water-spouting Fire Extinguishing System - Performance Requirements and Test Methods for Sprinklers" (GB 5135-1993). Compared with GB 5135-1993, main changes in this part are as follows:
- Product classification and naming method were revised;
- Dynamic thermal property requirements and corresponding test methods were added (Sections 6.19 and 7.18);
- Lateral sprinkling requirements and corresponding test methods were added (Sections 6.26 and 7.25);
- Protection angle requirements and corresponding measurement methods for water shield were added (Sections 6.27 and 7.26);
- Requirements and corresponding test methods for flush-type, embedded and concealed sprinklers were added (Sections 6.30 and 7.29);
- Requirements on operating instructions for products were added (Section 9.2).
This Part shall replace GB 5135-1993 from the implementation date hereof.
Appendix A in this part is normative; Appendix C, Appendix D and Appendix E are informative.
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Public Security of the People's Republic of China.
This part is under the jurisdiction of No.2 Subcommittee of National Technical Committee on Fire Protection of Standardization Administration of China.
Drafting organizations of this Part: Tianjin Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security and Panyu District , Guangzhou Shengjie Fire Equipment Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this part: Zhang Shaoyu, Chuo Fengying, Zhang Junna, Tang Xiaoliang, Wu Jianxu, Li Yi and Chi Lifa.
The previous editions of the standards replaced by this part are as:
- GB 5135-1985 and GB 5135-1993.
Contents
1 Scope 1
2 Normative References 1
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units 1
4 Classification 2
5 Nominal Aperture, Joint Thread, Color Code and Type/Sizes 4
6 Requirements 5
7 Test Methods 12
8 Inspection Rules 34
9 Marking and Operating Instructions 38
10 Packaging, Transportation and Storage 38
Appendix A (Normative) Tolerance 39
Appendix B (Informative) Calculation Method for Error Limit 40
Appendix C (Informative) Analysis of Strength Test for Fusible Elements 42
Appendix D (Informative) Calculation Example for RTI and C Values 43
Appendix E (Informative) Calculation Method for Thermal Response Time Error Limit of Flush-type, Embedded and Concealed Sprinklers 44
Automatic Sprinkler System – Part 1: Sprinkler
自动喷水灭火系统
第1部分:洒水喷头
1 Scope
This part of GB 5135 specifies the requirements, test methods, inspection rules as well as marking, packaging, transportation and storage for sprinklers of automatic sprinkler systems.
This part is applicable to sprinklers of automatic sprinkler systems.
This part is not applicable to early suppression fast response (ESFR) sprinklers, multiple nozzle sprinklers, Water mist nozzles, drencher heads, open-close sprinklers, large-orifice sprinklers and extended coverage (EC) sprinklers.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this part of GB 5135, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments (excluding amending errors in the text) to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, the parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 7306 (All parts) Pipe Threads with 55 Degree Thread Angle Where Pressure-tight Joints Are Made on the Threads
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
For the purpose of this part of GB 5135, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
Sprinkler
It refers to a kind of water sprinkling device that is started up by itself within the preset temperature range or by the control equipment according to signals of fire hazards under the action of heat and that is sprinkled according to the designed water sprinkling shape and flow.
3.2
Conductivity factor
It refers to the measurement of heat conduction capacity for thermal sensitive elements with the fixtures, with its symbol of C and unit of (m/s)0.5.
3.3
Response time index
It is the measurement action sensitivity for sprinklers, expressed as RTI=τμ0.5 with τ of the time constant of thermal sensitive elements with unit of s and μ of gas flow rate with unit of m/s. The symbol for response time index is RTI with the unit of (m•s)0.5.
3.4
Standard deviation
Where the thermal sensitive elements are symmetrical, the standard deviation refers to the deviation that the gas flow direction is made not only vertical to the axial line of sprinkler water flow and but also the plane located for its yoke arm; where the thermal sensitive elements are asymmetrically, it refers to the deviation where the gas flow direction is made not only vertical to the axial line of sprinkler water flow but also the plane located for its yoke arm and minimum response time is generated simultaneously.
3.5
Worst deviation
It refers to the deviation where the gas flow direction is made vertical to the axial line of the sprinkler inlet and the maximum response time is generated.
3.6
Assemble load
It refers to the force applied to the sprinkler where the water pressure at sprinkler inlet is 0.
3.7
Service load
It refers to the resultant force of the force produced where 1.2MPa water pressure is applied to the sprinkler inlet and that applied to the sprinkler by the assemble load of sprinklers.
3.8
Design load
It refers to the force applied to the thermal sensitive element where the sprinkler bears service load.
3.9
Static operating temperature
It refers to the tempratature where the thermal sensitive elements of sprinklers are operated in the liquid bath at certain heating rate.
4 Classification
4.1 Classification according to structure form
4.1.1 Close-type sprinkler
It refers to sprinklers possessed of release mechanism.
4.1.2 Open-type sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers without release mechanism.
4.2 Classification according to thermal sensitive elements
4.2.1 Fusible element sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are opened through fusion by heating of fusible elements
4.2.2 Glass ball sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are opened through which the filled liquid in the glass ball is expanded when heated and then the glass ball is burst.
4.3 Classification according to installation position and water distribution
4.3.1 Universal sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that may be installed either uprightly or pendently and within certain protection area, the water is distributed in a globular form, sprinkled downward and also upward.
4.3.2 Upright sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are installed uprightly and the water flow is flushed upward and toward the deflector.
4.3.3 Pendent sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are installed pendently and the water flow is flushed downward and toward the deflector.
4.3.4 Sidewall sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that are installed near the wall and water was sprinkled toward one side (in half parabola).
4.4 Classification according to sprinkler sensitivity
4.4.1 Fast response sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers whose response time index (RTI) is less than or equal to 50 (m·s)0.5 and the conductivity factor (C) is less than or equal to 1.0(m/s)0.5.
4.4.2 Specific response sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers whose average response time index (RTI) is between 50(m·s)0.5 and 80(m·s)0.5 and the conductivity factor (C) is less than or equal to 1.0(m/s)0.5.
4.4.3 Standard response sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers whose response time index (RTI) is between 80 (m·s)0.5 and 350(m·s)0.5, and the conductivity factor (C) is less than or equal to 2.0(m/s)0.5.
4.5 Special sprinklers
4.5.1 Dry type upright sprinklers
It refers to sprinkles that is constituted of a special stub pipe and sprinklers installed at outlet of the special stub pipe and there is a sealer at the inlet of the stub pipe, which may prevent water from entering into the stub pipe before sprinkling.
4.5.2 Flush-type sprinklers
It refers to sprinklers that some partial (including the thread in the root) installed above the lower plane of the suspended ceiling while partial or the whole thermal sensitive elements below the lower plane of the suspended ceiling.
4.5.3 Embedded sprinklers
It refers to the sprinklers that the partial or the whole is installed in the shield embedded in the suspended ceiling except the thread in the root.
4.5.4 Concealed sprinklers
It refers to embedded sprinklers with decorative cover plate.
4.5.5 Sprinklers with coating
It refers to the sprinklers covered withfusible anticorrosive materials such as beeswax or bitumen on their external, with or without coating.
4.5.6 Sprinklers with water shield
It refers to sprinklers that are used for storage rack or open space grid with water shield fixed above the thermal sensitive elements which may prevent sprinklers installed at a high place from sprinkling on the thermal sensitive element.
5 Nominal Aperture, Joint Thread, Color Code and Type/Sizes
5.1 Nominal aperture and joint thread of sprinklers
Nominal aperture and joint thread of sprinklers are detailed in Table 1.
Table 1 Nominal Aperture and Joint Thread of Sprinklers
Nominal aperture, mm Joint thread, in
10 R 1/2 and R 3/8
15 R 1/2
20 R 3/4
5.2 Nominal operating temperature and color code
Nominal operating temperature and color code of close-type sprinklers are detailed in Table 2.
Nominal operating temperature of glass ball sprinklers is divided into 13 gears and corresponding color code shall be made in the glass ball working solution.
Nominal operating temperature of fusible element sprinklers is divided into 7 gears and corresponding color code shall be made on sprinkler yoke arm or at corresponding position.
Table 2 Nominal Operating Temperature and Color Code
Glass ball sprinklers Fusible element sprinklers
Nominal operating temperature, ℃ Color code for the liquid Nominal operating temperature, ℃ Color code for yoke arm
57 Orange
68 Red
79 Yellow 57~77 Colorless
93 Green 80~107 White
107 Green 121~149 Blue
121 Blue 163~191 Red
141 Blue 204~246 Green
163 Purple 260~302 Orange
182 Purple 320~343 Orange
204 Black
227 Black
260 Black
343 Black
5.3 Type/sizes of sprinklers
5.3.1 Type/sizes of sprinklers is composed of type characteristic code (model), property code, nominal aperture and nominal operating temperature etc.
5.3.2 Type characteristic code indicates product structure form and characteristics, which is constituted of 3 capital English letters and Arabic numerals or the combination and may be named by the manufacturer itself.
5.3.3 Property code indicates characteristics such as sprinkling distribution type, thermal response type or installation position and is constituted of the following symbols:
Universal sprinklers: ZSTP
Upright sprinklers: ZSTZ
Pendent sprinklers: ZSTX
Upright sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBZ
Pendent sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBX
Universal sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBP
Horizontal sidewall sprinklers: ZSTBS
Flush-type sprinklers: ZSTDQ
Embedded sprinklers: ZSTDR
Concealed sprinklers: ZSTDY
Dry type sprinklers: ZSTG
"K" and "T" are added before the property code with "-" for the separation from the property code for fast response sprinklers and specific response sprinklers. No any symbol is added before the property code for standard response sprinklers; "C" and "S" are respectively added before the property code for sprinklers with coating and sprinklers with water shield with the "-" for the separation from the property code.
Contents of GB 5135.1-2003
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms, Definitions, Symbols and Units
4 Classification
5 Nominal Aperture, Joint Thread, Color Code and Type/Sizes
6 Requirements
7 Test Methods
8 Inspection Rules
9 Marking and Operating Instructions
10 Packaging, Transportation and Storage
Appendix A (Normative) Tolerance
Appendix B (Informative) Calculation Method for Error Limit
Appendix C (Informative) Analysis of Strength Test for Fusible Elements
Appendix D (Informative) Calculation Example for RTI and C Values
Appendix E (Informative) Calculation Method for Thermal Response Time Error Limit of Flush-type, Embedded and Concealed Sprinklers
