Foreword
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This standard replaces GB/T 34668-2017 Safety requirements and test methods for electrical self-balancing vehicles. In addition to structural adjustment and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 34668-2017:
a) The terms "fire enclosure", "mechanical enclosure", "electrical enclosure", "environmental enclosure", "decorative part", "upper limited charging voltage", "discharge cut-off voltage" and "passive protective device" are deleted (see 3.5 to 3.9, 3.12, 3.13 and 3.15 of Edition 2017);
b) The requirements for test road are modified (see 4.1 hereof; 4.1 of Edition 2017);
c) The requirements for non-metallic materials, batteries and battery packs, chargers and motors are modified (see 5.1.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.2 and 5.5.3 hereof; 5.1.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.2 and 5.5.3 of Edition 2017);
d) "Speed limit for single battery undervoltage alarm" is modified to "speed limit for low power alarm for battery pack" (see 5.4.6 and 9.1.6 hereof; 5.4.6 and 9.1.6 of Edition 2017);
e) The requirements for degrees of protection provided by enclosure are modified (see 7.1 hereof; 7.1 of Edition 2017);
f) The stress relief and relevant test method are deleted (see 7.4 and 9.3.4 of Edition 2017);
g) "Handle strength" to "grab bar strength" (see 7.4 and 9.3.4 hereof; 7.5 and 9.3.5 of Edition 2017);
h) The requirements for saddle strength are modified (see 7.5 hereof; 7.6 of Edition 2017), and the saddle strength test is deleted (9.3.6 of Edition 2017);
i) "Drop" is modified to "no-load drop" (see 8.2 and 9.4.2 hereof; 8.2 and 9.4.2 of Edition 2017);
j) The requirements and test methods for shock, temperature shock and partial water immersion are deleted (see 8.3 to 8.5 hereof; 9.4.3 to 9.4.5 of Edition 2017);
k) The methods for testing the hill-holding capacity and protection, energy recovery overcharge protection, locked-rotor motor, dynamic strength and vibration are modified (see 9.1.3, 9.1.5, 9.2.2, 9.3.3 and 9.4.1 hereof; 9.1.3, 9.1.5, 9.2.2, 9.3.3 and 9.4.1 of Edition 2017);
l) Information about nameplate is modified (see 10.2.1 hereof; 10.2.1 of Edition 2017).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This document is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 591 National Technical Committee on Robots of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of this document are as follows:
——It was firstly issued as GB/T 34668-2017 in 2017;
——This edition is the first revision.
Safety requirements and test methods for electrical self-balancing vehicles
1 Scope
This document defines the terms and definitions of electrical self-balancing vehicles, specifies test conditions and general safety requirements as well as requirements for electrical safety, mechanical safety, environmental reliability, marking and description, and describes corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to the design, production and sales of electrical self-balancing vehicles with batteries as power sources.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 3565.2-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB 4706.18-2014 Household and similar electrical appliances—Safety—Particular requirements for battery chargers
GB 4943.1-2022 Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment - Part 1: Safety requirements
GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 12350 Safety requirements of small power motors
GB/T 40559 Lithium ion cells and batteries used in self-balancing vehicle - Safety requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
electrical self-balancing vehicle
wheeled manned moving platform based on inverted pendulum model and static instability principle, equipped with a rechargeable electric drive system and maintaining dynamic balance in autonomous or manual control mode
Note: The electrical self-balancing vehicle is referred to as self-balancing vehicle for short.
3.2
safety alarm
definite alarm (such as sound, light or vibration) sent to and may be noticed by the user in case of internal fault detected (e.g. abnormal voltage of battery or fault of balance control unit) or dangerous driving or abnormal operation of the vehicle
3.3
footrest tilting function
user safety protection function of tilting the front end of footrest of self-balancing vehicle upwards to prevent it from further operation in case of overspeed, low battery or overload detected
4 Test conditions
4.1 Test road
The test road shall meet the following conditions:
a) The test shall be conducted on a cement or asphalt road surface, which is flat, dry, clean, and has a good adhesion coefficient;
b) The test area shall be arranged on the test road, and the width of test channel in the test area shall not be less than 1 m. The two ends of this test area shall have a traveling supporting area that is long enough and an auxiliary area for ensuring safe stopping, and shall be able to support travel in both directions.
4.2 Driver
The driver shall meet the following conditions:
a) If the maximum loading capacity of the self-balancing vehicle is greater than or equal to 75 kg, the total mass of the driver and equipment shall be 75 kg. Otherwise, counterweight shall be used for increasing the mass to 75 kg in case of shortage in mass; if the maximum loading capacity of the self-balancing vehicle is less than 75 kg, the total mass of the driver and equipment shall be the maximum loading capacity of the self-balancing vehicle;
b) The driver shall be proficient in driving techniques and familiar with test methods;
c) The driver shall be equipped with necessary protective equipment such as helmets, knee pads and elbow pads;
d) The driver shall drive the vehicle under test according to the operation method specified by the manufacturer, and shall keep the driving posture not changed significantly in the whole test process and avoid the operation not allowed by the manufacturer.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
5 General safety requirements
6 Electrical safety
7 Mechanical safety
8 Environmental reliability
9 Test methods
10 Marking and description
Annex A (Informative) Protective circuit and safety analysis
Bibliography
Foreword
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This document is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2020 Directives for standardization - Part 1: Rules for the structure and drafting of standardizing documents.
This standard replaces GB/T 34668-2017 Safety requirements and test methods for electrical self-balancing vehicles. In addition to structural adjustment and editorial changes, the following main technical changes have been made with respect to GB/T 34668-2017:
a) The terms "fire enclosure", "mechanical enclosure", "electrical enclosure", "environmental enclosure", "decorative part", "upper limited charging voltage", "discharge cut-off voltage" and "passive protective device" are deleted (see 3.5 to 3.9, 3.12, 3.13 and 3.15 of Edition 2017);
b) The requirements for test road are modified (see 4.1 hereof; 4.1 of Edition 2017);
c) The requirements for non-metallic materials, batteries and battery packs, chargers and motors are modified (see 5.1.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.2 and 5.5.3 hereof; 5.1.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.2 and 5.5.3 of Edition 2017);
d) "Speed limit for single battery undervoltage alarm" is modified to "speed limit for low power alarm for battery pack" (see 5.4.6 and 9.1.6 hereof; 5.4.6 and 9.1.6 of Edition 2017);
e) The requirements for degrees of protection provided by enclosure are modified (see 7.1 hereof; 7.1 of Edition 2017);
f) The stress relief and relevant test method are deleted (see 7.4 and 9.3.4 of Edition 2017);
g) "Handle strength" to "grab bar strength" (see 7.4 and 9.3.4 hereof; 7.5 and 9.3.5 of Edition 2017);
h) The requirements for saddle strength are modified (see 7.5 hereof; 7.6 of Edition 2017), and the saddle strength test is deleted (9.3.6 of Edition 2017);
i) "Drop" is modified to "no-load drop" (see 8.2 and 9.4.2 hereof; 8.2 and 9.4.2 of Edition 2017);
j) The requirements and test methods for shock, temperature shock and partial water immersion are deleted (see 8.3 to 8.5 hereof; 9.4.3 to 9.4.5 of Edition 2017);
k) The methods for testing the hill-holding capacity and protection, energy recovery overcharge protection, locked-rotor motor, dynamic strength and vibration are modified (see 9.1.3, 9.1.5, 9.2.2, 9.3.3 and 9.4.1 hereof; 9.1.3, 9.1.5, 9.2.2, 9.3.3 and 9.4.1 of Edition 2017);
l) Information about nameplate is modified (see 10.2.1 hereof; 10.2.1 of Edition 2017).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. The issuing body of this document shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document was proposed by the China Machinery Industry Federation.
This document is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 591 National Technical Committee on Robots of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous editions of this document are as follows:
——It was firstly issued as GB/T 34668-2017 in 2017;
——This edition is the first revision.
Safety requirements and test methods for electrical self-balancing vehicles
1 Scope
This document defines the terms and definitions of electrical self-balancing vehicles, specifies test conditions and general safety requirements as well as requirements for electrical safety, mechanical safety, environmental reliability, marking and description, and describes corresponding test methods.
This document is applicable to the design, production and sales of electrical self-balancing vehicles with batteries as power sources.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain requirements which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 3565.2-2022 Safety requirements for bicycles - Part 2: Requirements for city and trekking, young adult, mountain and racing bicycles
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB 4706.18-2014 Household and similar electrical appliances—Safety—Particular requirements for battery chargers
GB 4943.1-2022 Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment - Part 1: Safety requirements
GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16: Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 12350 Safety requirements of small power motors
GB/T 40559 Lithium ion cells and batteries used in self-balancing vehicle - Safety requirements
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
electrical self-balancing vehicle
wheeled manned moving platform based on inverted pendulum model and static instability principle, equipped with a rechargeable electric drive system and maintaining dynamic balance in autonomous or manual control mode
Note: The electrical self-balancing vehicle is referred to as self-balancing vehicle for short.
3.2
safety alarm
definite alarm (such as sound, light or vibration) sent to and may be noticed by the user in case of internal fault detected (e.g. abnormal voltage of battery or fault of balance control unit) or dangerous driving or abnormal operation of the vehicle
3.3
footrest tilting function
user safety protection function of tilting the front end of footrest of self-balancing vehicle upwards to prevent it from further operation in case of overspeed, low battery or overload detected
4 Test conditions
4.1 Test road
The test road shall meet the following conditions:
a) The test shall be conducted on a cement or asphalt road surface, which is flat, dry, clean, and has a good adhesion coefficient;
b) The test area shall be arranged on the test road, and the width of test channel in the test area shall not be less than 1 m. The two ends of this test area shall have a traveling supporting area that is long enough and an auxiliary area for ensuring safe stopping, and shall be able to support travel in both directions.
4.2 Driver
The driver shall meet the following conditions:
a) If the maximum loading capacity of the self-balancing vehicle is greater than or equal to 75 kg, the total mass of the driver and equipment shall be 75 kg. Otherwise, counterweight shall be used for increasing the mass to 75 kg in case of shortage in mass; if the maximum loading capacity of the self-balancing vehicle is less than 75 kg, the total mass of the driver and equipment shall be the maximum loading capacity of the self-balancing vehicle;
b) The driver shall be proficient in driving techniques and familiar with test methods;
c) The driver shall be equipped with necessary protective equipment such as helmets, knee pads and elbow pads;
d) The driver shall drive the vehicle under test according to the operation method specified by the manufacturer, and shall keep the driving posture not changed significantly in the whole test process and avoid the operation not allowed by the manufacturer.
Contents of GB/T 34668-2023
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
5 General safety requirements
6 Electrical safety
7 Mechanical safety
8 Environmental reliability
9 Test methods
10 Marking and description
Annex A (Informative) Protective circuit and safety analysis
Bibliography
