GB/T 43657.1-2024 Energy efficiency of industrial trucks - Test methods - Part 1: General
1 Scope
This document specifies general test criteria and requirements to measure the energy consumption for self‑propelled industrial trucks (hereinafter referred to as “trucks”) during operation. For electric trucks, the efficiency of the battery and the battery charger is included.
The truck specific requirements in ISO 23308‑2 and ISO 23308‑3 take precedence over the respective requirements of this document.
This document is applicable to the in‑use phase of the product life cycle.
It applies to the following truck types according to ISO 5053‑1:
——counterbalance lift truck;
——articulated counterbalance lift truck;
——reach truck (with retractable mast or fork arm carriage);
——straddle truck;
——pallet‑stacking truck;
——pallet truck;
——platform and stillage truck;
——pallet truck end controlled;
——order‑picking truck;
——centre‑controlled order‑picking truck;
——towing, pushing tractor and burden carrier;
——towing and stacking tractor;
——side‑loading truck (one side only);
——variable‑reach container handler;
——counterbalance container handler;
——lateral‑stacking truck (both sides);
——lateral‑stacking truck (three sides);
——multi‑directional lift truck.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 10827.1-2014 Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Self-propelled industrial trucks, other than driverless trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks (ISO 3691-1:2011, IDT)
GB/T 10827.2-2021 Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 2: Self-propelled variable-reach trucks (ISO 3691-2:2016, IDT)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5053-1 and the following apply.
3.1
battery
electrical power source consisting of battery cells, connectors of cells, battery controller (if applicable, e.g. controller for Li-Ion batteries) and battery enclosure that is ready to use in a truck
3.2
battery state of charge
measured capacity (in Ampere hours [A·h]) of the battery divided by the maximum rated capacity [A·h], expressed as a percentage
3.3
carbon dioxide equivalent; CDE
quantity that describes, for a given mixture and amount of greenhouse gas, the amount of CO2 that would have the same global warming potential (GWP)
3.4
charging factor
ratio between amount of [A·h] recharged into the battery and the prior discharged amount of [A·h] from the battery
Note 1 to entry: Typically, the charge factor for lead acid batteries is in the range of 1.02 to 1.25.
3.5
power battery factor; PBF
factor that gives the ratio between the battery capacity and the electrical power taken from the battery
3.6
synthetic discharge cycle
typical battery discharge profile that mirrors the actual energy consumption of electric trucks during a test cycle
Foreword IV Introduction V 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Test conditions 4.1 General 4.2 Test equipment 4.3 Truck conditions 4.4 Environmental conditions 4.5 Truck maintenance 4.6 Battery condition 5 Measurement procedure 5.1 General 5.2 Operating sequence 5.3 Electric trucks 5.4 Internal combustion (IC)-trucks 5.5 Hybrid trucks 5.6 Measurement accuracy 5.7 Calculation 6 Documentation 6.1 Test report 6.2 Declaration Annex A (Normative) Determination of battery efficiency by using the synthetic discharge cycle A.1 General A.2 Definition of the synthetic discharge cycle A.3 Testing according to the synthetic cycle Annex B (Normative) Simplified procedure to calculate the battery and charging efficiency for lead acid batteries B.1 General B.2 Formula Annex C (Informative) Calculation of the carbon dioxide equivalent C.1 General C.2 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for electric trucks C.3 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for diesel powered combustion engine trucks C.4 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for liquid petroleum gas (LPG) powered combustion engine trucks C.5 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for compressed natural gas (CNG) powered combustion engine trucks C.6 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for gasoline powered combustion engine trucks Bibliography Figure A.1 Typical discharge cycle Table A.1 Description of the synthetic discharge cycle Table A.2 Example for the calculation of the power value Table B.1 Battery and charging technology specific overall battery efficiency Table B.2 Approximate values for charger efficiencies
GB/T 43657.1-2024 Energy efficiency of industrial trucks - Test methods - Part 1: General
1 Scope
This document specifies general test criteria and requirements to measure the energy consumption for self‑propelled industrial trucks (hereinafter referred to as “trucks”) during operation. For electric trucks, the efficiency of the battery and the battery charger is included.
The truck specific requirements in ISO 23308‑2 and ISO 23308‑3 take precedence over the respective requirements of this document.
This document is applicable to the in‑use phase of the product life cycle.
It applies to the following truck types according to ISO 5053‑1:
——counterbalance lift truck;
——articulated counterbalance lift truck;
——reach truck (with retractable mast or fork arm carriage);
——straddle truck;
——pallet‑stacking truck;
——pallet truck;
——platform and stillage truck;
——pallet truck end controlled;
——order‑picking truck;
——centre‑controlled order‑picking truck;
——towing, pushing tractor and burden carrier;
——towing and stacking tractor;
——side‑loading truck (one side only);
——variable‑reach container handler;
——counterbalance container handler;
——lateral‑stacking truck (both sides);
——lateral‑stacking truck (three sides);
——multi‑directional lift truck.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 10827.1-2014 Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 1: Self-propelled industrial trucks, other than driverless trucks, variable-reach trucks and burden-carrier trucks (ISO 3691-1:2011, IDT)
GB/T 10827.2-2021 Industrial trucks - Safety requirements and verification - Part 2: Self-propelled variable-reach trucks (ISO 3691-2:2016, IDT)
... ...
... ....
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5053-1 and the following apply.
3.1
battery
electrical power source consisting of battery cells, connectors of cells, battery controller (if applicable, e.g. controller for Li-Ion batteries) and battery enclosure that is ready to use in a truck
3.2
battery state of charge
measured capacity (in Ampere hours [A·h]) of the battery divided by the maximum rated capacity [A·h], expressed as a percentage
3.3
carbon dioxide equivalent; CDE
quantity that describes, for a given mixture and amount of greenhouse gas, the amount of CO2 that would have the same global warming potential (GWP)
3.4
charging factor
ratio between amount of [A·h] recharged into the battery and the prior discharged amount of [A·h] from the battery
Note 1 to entry: Typically, the charge factor for lead acid batteries is in the range of 1.02 to 1.25.
3.5
power battery factor; PBF
factor that gives the ratio between the battery capacity and the electrical power taken from the battery
3.6
synthetic discharge cycle
typical battery discharge profile that mirrors the actual energy consumption of electric trucks during a test cycle
Contents of GB/T 43657.1-2024
Foreword IV
Introduction V
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test conditions
4.1 General
4.2 Test equipment
4.3 Truck conditions
4.4 Environmental conditions
4.5 Truck maintenance
4.6 Battery condition
5 Measurement procedure
5.1 General
5.2 Operating sequence
5.3 Electric trucks
5.4 Internal combustion (IC)-trucks
5.5 Hybrid trucks
5.6 Measurement accuracy
5.7 Calculation
6 Documentation
6.1 Test report
6.2 Declaration
Annex A (Normative) Determination of battery efficiency by using the synthetic discharge cycle
A.1 General
A.2 Definition of the synthetic discharge cycle
A.3 Testing according to the synthetic cycle
Annex B (Normative) Simplified procedure to calculate the battery and charging efficiency for lead acid batteries
B.1 General
B.2 Formula
Annex C (Informative) Calculation of the carbon dioxide equivalent
C.1 General
C.2 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for electric trucks
C.3 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for diesel powered combustion engine trucks
C.4 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for liquid petroleum gas (LPG) powered combustion engine trucks
C.5 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for compressed natural gas (CNG) powered combustion engine trucks
C.6 Calculation of CO2 equivalent for gasoline powered combustion engine trucks
Bibliography
Figure A.1 Typical discharge cycle
Table A.1 Description of the synthetic discharge cycle
Table A.2 Example for the calculation of the power value
Table B.1 Battery and charging technology specific overall battery efficiency
Table B.2 Approximate values for charger efficiencies
