1.0.1 This code is formulated to standardize the design of rolled earth-rock fill dam in water resources and hydropower engineering, and to meet the requirements of engineering safety, economic rationality and technical advancement.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design of Grades 1, 2 and 3 rolled earth-rock fill dams or that below Grade 3 with the height greater than 30m. For special and important rolled earth-rock fill dams, special studies shall be carried out.
Grades of rolled earth-rock fill dams shall be determined according to relevant regulations in "Standard for Flood Control" (GB 50201 - 94) and "Standard for Classification and Flood Control of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Project" (SL 252 - 2000).
1.0.3 By its height, the dam can be divided into low dam, medium dam and high dam. The one with the height lower than 30m is a low dam; that with the height between 30~70m is a medium dam and that with the height higher than 70m is a high dam.
Height of earth-rock fill dam shall be calculated from the foundation surface at bottom (excluding such impervious facilities for dam foundation as the impervious concrete wall, grout curtain and cutoff trench) of impervious element of dam to the dam crest (excluding the wave wall), and the larger value shall be adopted.
1.0.4 Under the circumstance with load combination normally and extremely, earth-rock fill dam must meet the requirements on stability, seepage flow, deformation and specified superelevation etc., so as to guarantee the dam may be safely used in the long term and fully exert its economic and social benefits.
1.0.5 Design conditions of earth-rock fill dam may be classified into the following aspects according to the working condition and property of acting force:
1 Normal application condition
1) The stable seepage period during which the reservoir water level is normal level and various water levels between the design flood level and dead water level;
2) Regular normal drawdown of reservoir water level within the above range;
3) Frequent fluctuation and drawdown of reservoir water level of the pumped storage power station.
2 Extreme application condition I
1) Construction period;
2) The condition over which check flood level may form a steady seepage;
3) Extreme drawdown of reservoir water level, such as the drawdown of self-check flood level, dropping below the dead water level, and quick emptying of large flow etc.
3 Extreme application condition II
Earthquake is encountered under normal application condition.
1.0.6 Design of rolled earth-rock fill dam shall not only conform to the requirements stipulated in this code but also comply with those in the current relevant ones of the nation.
1 General Provisions
2 Major Terms
3 Layout of Hydro-project and Selection of Dam Type
3.1 Dam Axis
3.2 Outlet Structure and Diversion Structure
3.3 Selection of Dam Type
4 Selection of Damming Materials and Filling Requirements
4.1 Selection of Damming Materials
4.2 Filling Requirements
5 Structure of Dam
5.1 Dam Zoning
5.2 Dam Slope
5.3 Superelevation of Dam Crest
5.4 Structure of Dam Crest
5.5 Impervious Element
5.6 Inverted Filter and Transition Layer
5.7 Dam Drainage
5.8 Revetment
5.9 Dam Surface Drainage
6 Dam Foundation Treatment
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Seepage Control of Gravel Stone Dam Foundation
6.3 Treatment of Rock Dam Foundation
6.4 Treatment of Dam Foundation for Easily Liquefied Soil, Soft Clay and Collapsible Loess
7 Connection between Dam and Dam Foundation, Bank Slope and Other Buildings
7.1 Connection between Dam and Dam Foundation, Bank Slope
7.2 Connection between Dam and Other Buildings
8 Dam Calculation and Analysis
8.1 Seepage Calculation
8.2 Penetration Stability Calculation
8.3 Stability Calculation
8.4 Stress and Deformation Calculation
9 Stage Construction and Extension and Heightening
9.1 Stage Construction
9.2 Extension and Heightening
10 Safety Monitoring Design
Appendix A Wave and Revetment Calculation
Appendix B Design of Inverted Filter
Appendix C Estimation of Pore Pressure in Dam
Appendix D Stability Analysis
Appendix E Settlement Calculation
Explanation of Wording in This Code
1.0.1 This code is formulated to standardize the design of rolled earth-rock fill dam in water resources and hydropower engineering, and to meet the requirements of engineering safety, economic rationality and technical advancement.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design of Grades 1, 2 and 3 rolled earth-rock fill dams or that below Grade 3 with the height greater than 30m. For special and important rolled earth-rock fill dams, special studies shall be carried out.
Grades of rolled earth-rock fill dams shall be determined according to relevant regulations in "Standard for Flood Control" (GB 50201 - 94) and "Standard for Classification and Flood Control of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Project" (SL 252 - 2000).
1.0.3 By its height, the dam can be divided into low dam, medium dam and high dam. The one with the height lower than 30m is a low dam; that with the height between 30~70m is a medium dam and that with the height higher than 70m is a high dam.
Height of earth-rock fill dam shall be calculated from the foundation surface at bottom (excluding such impervious facilities for dam foundation as the impervious concrete wall, grout curtain and cutoff trench) of impervious element of dam to the dam crest (excluding the wave wall), and the larger value shall be adopted.
1.0.4 Under the circumstance with load combination normally and extremely, earth-rock fill dam must meet the requirements on stability, seepage flow, deformation and specified superelevation etc., so as to guarantee the dam may be safely used in the long term and fully exert its economic and social benefits.
1.0.5 Design conditions of earth-rock fill dam may be classified into the following aspects according to the working condition and property of acting force:
1 Normal application condition
1) The stable seepage period during which the reservoir water level is normal level and various water levels between the design flood level and dead water level;
2) Regular normal drawdown of reservoir water level within the above range;
3) Frequent fluctuation and drawdown of reservoir water level of the pumped storage power station.
2 Extreme application condition I
1) Construction period;
2) The condition over which check flood level may form a steady seepage;
3) Extreme drawdown of reservoir water level, such as the drawdown of self-check flood level, dropping below the dead water level, and quick emptying of large flow etc.
3 Extreme application condition II
Earthquake is encountered under normal application condition.
1.0.6 Design of rolled earth-rock fill dam shall not only conform to the requirements stipulated in this code but also comply with those in the current relevant ones of the nation.
Contents of SL 274-2001
1 General Provisions
2 Major Terms
3 Layout of Hydro-project and Selection of Dam Type
3.1 Dam Axis
3.2 Outlet Structure and Diversion Structure
3.3 Selection of Dam Type
4 Selection of Damming Materials and Filling Requirements
4.1 Selection of Damming Materials
4.2 Filling Requirements
5 Structure of Dam
5.1 Dam Zoning
5.2 Dam Slope
5.3 Superelevation of Dam Crest
5.4 Structure of Dam Crest
5.5 Impervious Element
5.6 Inverted Filter and Transition Layer
5.7 Dam Drainage
5.8 Revetment
5.9 Dam Surface Drainage
6 Dam Foundation Treatment
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Seepage Control of Gravel Stone Dam Foundation
6.3 Treatment of Rock Dam Foundation
6.4 Treatment of Dam Foundation for Easily Liquefied Soil, Soft Clay and Collapsible Loess
7 Connection between Dam and Dam Foundation, Bank Slope and Other Buildings
7.1 Connection between Dam and Dam Foundation, Bank Slope
7.2 Connection between Dam and Other Buildings
8 Dam Calculation and Analysis
8.1 Seepage Calculation
8.2 Penetration Stability Calculation
8.3 Stability Calculation
8.4 Stress and Deformation Calculation
9 Stage Construction and Extension and Heightening
9.1 Stage Construction
9.2 Extension and Heightening
10 Safety Monitoring Design
Appendix A Wave and Revetment Calculation
Appendix B Design of Inverted Filter
Appendix C Estimation of Pore Pressure in Dam
Appendix D Stability Analysis
Appendix E Settlement Calculation
Explanation of Wording in This Code
