1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is prepared with a view to unifying the design requirements of soil and water conservation engineering, ensuring the design quality and engineering safety, and bringing about the synthetic effect of soil and water conservation engineering.
1.0.2 This code is primarily applicable to the terrace, check dam for farmland forming, sediment trapping dam, pond and overflow dam, overflow dam, gully and beach protection, hill-slope water intercepting and drainage, flood diversion for slit deposition, water diversion, sediment trapping, land forming, branch gully control, small water detention works, agriculture farming measures, windbreak and sand fixation projects, trees and grasses works, banned and raising engineering in comprehensive control project of soil erosion and water loss, as well as the residues disposal and tailing hold, land reclamation, water intercepting and drainage, small water detention works, windbreak and sand fixation projects, revegetation and construction engineering in production and construction projects.
1.0.3 Soil and water conservation engineering shall be provided with reliable reference data and shall carry out corresponding investigation, survey and test based on collection of reference data, e.g. geology and geomorphy, meteorology, hydrology, soil vegetation, soil erosion and water loss, water and soil conservation, social economy. The design of each measure shall be carried in line with the principles of adaptation to local conditions, comprehensive control, safety and reliability, efficiency concerned and on the basis of general arrangement.
1.0.4 Soil and water conservation engineering shall comply with not only this code but also the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Comprehensive control project of soil erosion and water loss
The single measure or the combination of measures that are reasonably allocated to control soil erosion and water loss by small basin or district.
2.0.2 Check dam for farmland forming
The engineering work constructed within sediment overladen channel mainly to control erosion, hold sediment, and reduce flood and sediment disasters, which is of a total capacity not larger than 5,000,000 m3 and a dam height not greater than 30m.
2.0.3 Overflow dam
A water retaining structure of low height, which is mainly used to raise the headwater elevation of gully, fix gully bed, and irrigate.
2.0.4 Rainwater utilization works
Small-sized works that are intended for water conservancy by collecting, accumulating and regulating rainwater.
2.0.5 Forest and grass works
The soil erosion control works that are mainly based on vegetation measures, mainly including the forestation, grassing and economic orcharding, which provide ecological function and production function, the revegetation and construction works involved in production and construction projects, as well as moorland vegetation measures for rural domestic sewage disposal.
2.0.6 Gully bank protection eco-works
A form of revetment which uses vegetation or vegetation combined with engineering for protecting gully bank so as to retain bank, protect land, control soil erosion and restore aquatic ecology.
2.0.7 Water intercepting and drainage works on hill-slope
Works constructed for intercepting and channelizing hillslope runoff.
2.0.8 Branch gully
Branching of small watershed with a catchment area less than 1 km2.
2.0.9 Artificial wetland in small watershed
The artificially constructed, controlled and operated wetland that is arranged in eco-clean small watershed so as to purify sewage, improve water quality and waterscape.
2.0.10 Fenced project and affiliated equipment
A generic term of all the measures for boosting and restoring regional vegetation which are based on fencing to use the natural propagation and growing capacity of vegetation and supported by manual boosting means, e.g. replanting, fostering, substitution of firewood by electricity, methane tank, firewood saving stove and ecological immigration.
2.0.11 Residues disposal area
A generic term of the disposal or stacking areas selected for the unusable excavated earthwork and removed concrete or their mixture produced in project construction.
2.0.12 Maximum height of slag-dumping
The difference in elevation between the peak point and lowest slope toe of the slag-dumping in residues disposal area.
2.0.13 Windbreak and sand-fixation belt
The belt-shaped preventive measure system which is arranged on the periphery of engineering protected object, considering the regional eolation feature, to control eolation damage, and combines vegetative sand fixation, barrier sand fixation, chemical sand fixation, banned and raising measures.
3 Basic Requirements
3.0.1 The comprehensive control project engineering of soil erosion and water loss shall perform selective analysis on the current land use of basin and the demands of economic and social development and soil erosion control, shall carry out general arrangement basically for "controlling soil erosion and water loss, conserving and rationally utilize water and soil resources, boosting land productivity, improving rural production and living conditions and ecological environment", on which the design of various measures or single projects shall be based.
3.0.2 The water and soil conservation design for production and construction projects shall undergo an evaluation on water and soil conservation of the main work, consider the design of the main work, effectively use and conserve water and soil resources, think ecologically, propose an general layout of soil erosion control measures, and design for water and soil conservation by zone so as to harmonize soil and water conservation engineering and facility with the ecology, geomorphy, vegetation and landscape of project area.
3.0.3 The general layout of the soil and water conservation measures for production and construction projects and the design of the soil and water conservation measures other than those involved in this code shall be implemented according to the current national standard "Technical Code on Soil and Water Conservation of Development and Construction Projects" (GB 50433).
3.0.4 The basic requirements regarding the scales of investigation and survey data, and drawing, for soil and water conservation engineering shall be implemented according to relevant codes on investigation with survey for soil and water conservation engineering.
3.0.5 The engineering scale and design criteria for water and soil conservation shall be determined considering the effect and requirement of the organic combination of measures as determined in the general arrangement (layout) and following the principle of "safety and reliability, economy and rationality".
Contents
Foreword i
1 General Provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic Requirements
4 Comprehensive Control Project of Soil Erosion and Water Loss
4.1 General Requirements
4.2 Basic Requirements of Different Partition
5 Engineering Level Divide and Design Standards
5.1 Terrace Works
5.2 Check Dam Works for Farmland Forming
5.3 Sediment Trapping Dam Works
5.4 Pond and Overflow Dam Works
5.5 Gully and Beach Protection Works
5.6 Water Intercepting and Drainage Works on Hill-Slope
5.7 Residues Disposal Area and Tailing Hold Works
5.8 Land Reclamation Works
5.9 Tributary Gully Control Works
5.10 Sand Fixation Works
5.11 Trees and Grasses Works
5.12 Banned and Raising Engineering
6 Terrace Works
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Design of Section
6.3 Design of Terrace Bank Plants
6.4 Design of Field Road
6.5 Construction Organization
7 Check Dam Works for Farmland Forming
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Damsite, Dam-type and Arrangement
7.3 Dam Body Design
7.4 Spillway Design
7.5 Design of Water Release Building
7.6 Treatment of Foundation and Bank Slope
7.7 Construction Organization
8 Sediment Trapping Dam Works
8.1 General Requirements
8.2 Project Layout
8.3 Damsite & Dam-type Selection
8.4 Scale Control
8.5 Dam Body Design
8.6 Spillway Design
8.7 Construction Organization
9 Pond and Overflow Dam Works
9.1 General Requirements
9.2 Project Layout
9.3 Damsite & Dam-type Selection
9.4 Scale Control
9.5 Dam Body Design
9.6 Flood Discharge and Energy Dissipation and Water Release Facilities
9.7 Treatment of Foundation and Bank Slope
9.8 Construction Organization
10 Gully and Beach Protection Works
10.1 Layout of Dike for Farmland Protection
10.2 Layout of Spurdyke and Training Dike
10.3 Layout of Ecological Revetment
10.4 Structural Style of Dike for Farmland Protection
10.5 Structural Style of Spurdyke and Training Dike
10.6 Type of Ecological Revetment
10.7 Construction Organization
11 Water Intercepting and Drainage Works on Hill-slope
11.1 General Requirements
11.2 Project Layout
11.3 Intercepting Design
11.4 Drainage Ditch Design
11.5 Interception Ditch Design
11.6 Mole Drainage Design
12 Residues Disposal Area and Tailing Hold Works
12.1 General Requirements
12.2 Design of Residues Disposal Area
12.3 Design of Tailing Hold Works
12.4 Design of Flood Discharge and Intercepting
13 Land Reclamation Works
13.1 Flood Diversion for Silt Deposition
13.2 Water Diversion for Flushing Sand Dune
13.3 Land Reclamation for Production and Construction Project
14 Tributary Gully Control Works
14.1 General Requirements
14.2 Project Layout
14.3 Gully Protection Design
14.4 Check Dam Design
14.5 Turf Belt Design
14.6 Slope Cutting Design
14.7 Design of Straw Filled Trench
14.8 Drainage Design of Closed Conduit
15 Small Water Detention Works
15.1 General Requirements
15.2 Project Layout
15.3 Water Cellar Design
15.4 Water Storage Pool Design
15.5 Design of Sediment Deposition Pool
15.6 Design of Waterlogging Pool
16 Agriculture Farming Measures
16.1 General Requirements
16.2 Measures of Tiny Terrain Change
16.3 Mulching Measures
16.4 Soil Improvement Measures
17 Sand Fixation Projects
17.1 General Requirements
17.2 Design of Windbreak and Sand-Fixation Belt
17.3 Design of Windbreak and Sand-Fixation Measures
18 Forest and Grass Works
18.1 General Requirements
18.2 Project Layout
18.3 Site Types Dividing
18.4 Selection on Varieties of Tree and Grass
18.5 Soil Preparation for Afforestation
18.6 Forestation Pattern and Grassplanting Way
18.7 Other Conditions
18.8 Auxiliary Projects
18.9 Project Construction
19 Banned and Raising Engineering
19.1 General Requirements
19.2 Banned and Raising Design
19.3 Auxiliary Facilities
Appendix A Hydrological Calculation
Appendix B Stability Calculation
Appendix C Suitable Tree and Grass Species for Project Disturbed Ground
Explanation of Wording in This Code
List of Quoted Standards
1 General Provisions
1.0.1 This code is prepared with a view to unifying the design requirements of soil and water conservation engineering, ensuring the design quality and engineering safety, and bringing about the synthetic effect of soil and water conservation engineering.
1.0.2 This code is primarily applicable to the terrace, check dam for farmland forming, sediment trapping dam, pond and overflow dam, overflow dam, gully and beach protection, hill-slope water intercepting and drainage, flood diversion for slit deposition, water diversion, sediment trapping, land forming, branch gully control, small water detention works, agriculture farming measures, windbreak and sand fixation projects, trees and grasses works, banned and raising engineering in comprehensive control project of soil erosion and water loss, as well as the residues disposal and tailing hold, land reclamation, water intercepting and drainage, small water detention works, windbreak and sand fixation projects, revegetation and construction engineering in production and construction projects.
1.0.3 Soil and water conservation engineering shall be provided with reliable reference data and shall carry out corresponding investigation, survey and test based on collection of reference data, e.g. geology and geomorphy, meteorology, hydrology, soil vegetation, soil erosion and water loss, water and soil conservation, social economy. The design of each measure shall be carried in line with the principles of adaptation to local conditions, comprehensive control, safety and reliability, efficiency concerned and on the basis of general arrangement.
1.0.4 Soil and water conservation engineering shall comply with not only this code but also the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 Comprehensive control project of soil erosion and water loss
The single measure or the combination of measures that are reasonably allocated to control soil erosion and water loss by small basin or district.
2.0.2 Check dam for farmland forming
The engineering work constructed within sediment overladen channel mainly to control erosion, hold sediment, and reduce flood and sediment disasters, which is of a total capacity not larger than 5,000,000 m3 and a dam height not greater than 30m.
2.0.3 Overflow dam
A water retaining structure of low height, which is mainly used to raise the headwater elevation of gully, fix gully bed, and irrigate.
2.0.4 Rainwater utilization works
Small-sized works that are intended for water conservancy by collecting, accumulating and regulating rainwater.
2.0.5 Forest and grass works
The soil erosion control works that are mainly based on vegetation measures, mainly including the forestation, grassing and economic orcharding, which provide ecological function and production function, the revegetation and construction works involved in production and construction projects, as well as moorland vegetation measures for rural domestic sewage disposal.
2.0.6 Gully bank protection eco-works
A form of revetment which uses vegetation or vegetation combined with engineering for protecting gully bank so as to retain bank, protect land, control soil erosion and restore aquatic ecology.
2.0.7 Water intercepting and drainage works on hill-slope
Works constructed for intercepting and channelizing hillslope runoff.
2.0.8 Branch gully
Branching of small watershed with a catchment area less than 1 km2.
2.0.9 Artificial wetland in small watershed
The artificially constructed, controlled and operated wetland that is arranged in eco-clean small watershed so as to purify sewage, improve water quality and waterscape.
2.0.10 Fenced project and affiliated equipment
A generic term of all the measures for boosting and restoring regional vegetation which are based on fencing to use the natural propagation and growing capacity of vegetation and supported by manual boosting means, e.g. replanting, fostering, substitution of firewood by electricity, methane tank, firewood saving stove and ecological immigration.
2.0.11 Residues disposal area
A generic term of the disposal or stacking areas selected for the unusable excavated earthwork and removed concrete or their mixture produced in project construction.
2.0.12 Maximum height of slag-dumping
The difference in elevation between the peak point and lowest slope toe of the slag-dumping in residues disposal area.
2.0.13 Windbreak and sand-fixation belt
The belt-shaped preventive measure system which is arranged on the periphery of engineering protected object, considering the regional eolation feature, to control eolation damage, and combines vegetative sand fixation, barrier sand fixation, chemical sand fixation, banned and raising measures.
3 Basic Requirements
3.0.1 The comprehensive control project engineering of soil erosion and water loss shall perform selective analysis on the current land use of basin and the demands of economic and social development and soil erosion control, shall carry out general arrangement basically for "controlling soil erosion and water loss, conserving and rationally utilize water and soil resources, boosting land productivity, improving rural production and living conditions and ecological environment", on which the design of various measures or single projects shall be based.
3.0.2 The water and soil conservation design for production and construction projects shall undergo an evaluation on water and soil conservation of the main work, consider the design of the main work, effectively use and conserve water and soil resources, think ecologically, propose an general layout of soil erosion control measures, and design for water and soil conservation by zone so as to harmonize soil and water conservation engineering and facility with the ecology, geomorphy, vegetation and landscape of project area.
3.0.3 The general layout of the soil and water conservation measures for production and construction projects and the design of the soil and water conservation measures other than those involved in this code shall be implemented according to the current national standard "Technical Code on Soil and Water Conservation of Development and Construction Projects" (GB 50433).
3.0.4 The basic requirements regarding the scales of investigation and survey data, and drawing, for soil and water conservation engineering shall be implemented according to relevant codes on investigation with survey for soil and water conservation engineering.
3.0.5 The engineering scale and design criteria for water and soil conservation shall be determined considering the effect and requirement of the organic combination of measures as determined in the general arrangement (layout) and following the principle of "safety and reliability, economy and rationality".
Contents of GB 51018-2014
Contents
Foreword i
1 General Provisions
2 Terms
3 Basic Requirements
4 Comprehensive Control Project of Soil Erosion and Water Loss
4.1 General Requirements
4.2 Basic Requirements of Different Partition
5 Engineering Level Divide and Design Standards
5.1 Terrace Works
5.2 Check Dam Works for Farmland Forming
5.3 Sediment Trapping Dam Works
5.4 Pond and Overflow Dam Works
5.5 Gully and Beach Protection Works
5.6 Water Intercepting and Drainage Works on Hill-Slope
5.7 Residues Disposal Area and Tailing Hold Works
5.8 Land Reclamation Works
5.9 Tributary Gully Control Works
5.10 Sand Fixation Works
5.11 Trees and Grasses Works
5.12 Banned and Raising Engineering
6 Terrace Works
6.1 General Requirements
6.2 Design of Section
6.3 Design of Terrace Bank Plants
6.4 Design of Field Road
6.5 Construction Organization
7 Check Dam Works for Farmland Forming
7.1 General Requirements
7.2 Damsite, Dam-type and Arrangement
7.3 Dam Body Design
7.4 Spillway Design
7.5 Design of Water Release Building
7.6 Treatment of Foundation and Bank Slope
7.7 Construction Organization
8 Sediment Trapping Dam Works
8.1 General Requirements
8.2 Project Layout
8.3 Damsite & Dam-type Selection
8.4 Scale Control
8.5 Dam Body Design
8.6 Spillway Design
8.7 Construction Organization
9 Pond and Overflow Dam Works
9.1 General Requirements
9.2 Project Layout
9.3 Damsite & Dam-type Selection
9.4 Scale Control
9.5 Dam Body Design
9.6 Flood Discharge and Energy Dissipation and Water Release Facilities
9.7 Treatment of Foundation and Bank Slope
9.8 Construction Organization
10 Gully and Beach Protection Works
10.1 Layout of Dike for Farmland Protection
10.2 Layout of Spurdyke and Training Dike
10.3 Layout of Ecological Revetment
10.4 Structural Style of Dike for Farmland Protection
10.5 Structural Style of Spurdyke and Training Dike
10.6 Type of Ecological Revetment
10.7 Construction Organization
11 Water Intercepting and Drainage Works on Hill-slope
11.1 General Requirements
11.2 Project Layout
11.3 Intercepting Design
11.4 Drainage Ditch Design
11.5 Interception Ditch Design
11.6 Mole Drainage Design
12 Residues Disposal Area and Tailing Hold Works
12.1 General Requirements
12.2 Design of Residues Disposal Area
12.3 Design of Tailing Hold Works
12.4 Design of Flood Discharge and Intercepting
13 Land Reclamation Works
13.1 Flood Diversion for Silt Deposition
13.2 Water Diversion for Flushing Sand Dune
13.3 Land Reclamation for Production and Construction Project
14 Tributary Gully Control Works
14.1 General Requirements
14.2 Project Layout
14.3 Gully Protection Design
14.4 Check Dam Design
14.5 Turf Belt Design
14.6 Slope Cutting Design
14.7 Design of Straw Filled Trench
14.8 Drainage Design of Closed Conduit
15 Small Water Detention Works
15.1 General Requirements
15.2 Project Layout
15.3 Water Cellar Design
15.4 Water Storage Pool Design
15.5 Design of Sediment Deposition Pool
15.6 Design of Waterlogging Pool
16 Agriculture Farming Measures
16.1 General Requirements
16.2 Measures of Tiny Terrain Change
16.3 Mulching Measures
16.4 Soil Improvement Measures
17 Sand Fixation Projects
17.1 General Requirements
17.2 Design of Windbreak and Sand-Fixation Belt
17.3 Design of Windbreak and Sand-Fixation Measures
18 Forest and Grass Works
18.1 General Requirements
18.2 Project Layout
18.3 Site Types Dividing
18.4 Selection on Varieties of Tree and Grass
18.5 Soil Preparation for Afforestation
18.6 Forestation Pattern and Grassplanting Way
18.7 Other Conditions
18.8 Auxiliary Projects
18.9 Project Construction
19 Banned and Raising Engineering
19.1 General Requirements
19.2 Banned and Raising Design
19.3 Auxiliary Facilities
Appendix A Hydrological Calculation
Appendix B Stability Calculation
Appendix C Suitable Tree and Grass Species for Project Disturbed Ground
Explanation of Wording in This Code
List of Quoted Standards
