GB/T 24610 consists of the following 4 parts, under the general title “Rolling Bearings - Measuring Methods for Vibration”:
- Part 1: Fundamentals;
- Part 2: Radial Ball Bearings with Cylindrical Bore and Outside Surface;
- Part 3: Radial Spherical and Tapered Roller Bearings with Cylindrical Bore and Outside Surface
- Part 4: Radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings with Cylindrical Bore and Outside Surface.
This part is Part 1 of GB/T 24610.
This part is identical to “Rolling Bearings - Measuring Methods for Vibration -Part 1: Fundamentals” (ISO 15242-1:2004).
This part is a translation of ISO 15242-1:2004.
For the purpose of this part, the following editorial changes were made:
- "this document" was changed to "this part";
- The foreword of the international standard was deleted;
The decimal point "," was replaced by ".".
Annex A of this part is informative.
This part was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Rolling Bearing of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 98).
Drafting organizations of this part: Hangzhou Bearing Test & Research Center, Luoyang Bearing Research Institute, Luoyang Bearing Science & Technology Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staff of this part: Chen Fanghua, Li Feixue, Zhang Youliang, Ma Suqing, Zhang Yajun, Guo Baoxia, Zhang Yanliao
Introduction
Vibration in rotating rolling bearings can be of importance as an operating characteristic of such bearings. The vibration can affect the performance of the mechanical system incorporating the bearing and can result in audible noise when the vibration is transmitted to the environment in which the mechanical system operates.
Vibration of rotating rolling bearings is a complex physical phenomenon dependent on the conditions of operation. Measuring the vibration output of an individual bearing under a certain set of conditions does not necessarily characterize the vibration output under a different set of conditions or when the bearing becomes part of a larger assembly. Assessment of the audible sound generated by the mechanical system incorporating the bearing is complicated further by the influence of the interface conditions, the location and orientation of the sensing device, and the acoustical environment in which the system operates. Assessment of airborne noise, which for the purpose of this document can be defined as any disagreeable and undesired sound, is further complicated by the subjective nature of the terms disagreeable and undesired. Structure-borne vibration can be considered the driving mechanism that ultimately results in the generation of airborne noise. Only selected methods for the measurement of the structure-borne vibration of rotating rolling bearings are addressed in this part of GB/T 24610.
This part of GB/T 24610 serves to define and specify the physical quantities measured and the general test conditions and environment utilized in the measurement of vibration generated by rolling bearings on a test rig. Based on this part of GB/T 24610, parties to the acceptance inspection of rolling bearings may, by agreement, establish acceptance criteria with which to control bearing vibration.
Vibration of rotating rolling bearings can be assessed by any of a number of means using various types of transducers and test conditions. No simple set of values characterizing the vibration of a bearing is adequate for the evaluation of the vibratory performance in all possible applications. Ultimately, a knowledge of the type of bearing, its application and the purpose of the vibration testing (e.g., as a manufacturing process diagnostic or an assessment of product quality) is required to select the most suitable method for testing. The field of application for standards on bearing vibration is, therefore, not universal. However, certain methods have established a wide enough level of application to be considered as standard methods for the purposes of this part of GB/T 24610.
This part of GB/T 24610 serves to define the general principles involved in vibration measurement. It is intended that further parts will specify in more detail the methods for assessing vibration of different types of bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface.
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 24610.1-2009/ISO 15242-1:2004
Rolling Bearings –
Measuring Methods for Vibration -
Part 1: Fundamentals
滚动轴承振动测量方法 第1部分：基础
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 24610 specifies measuring methods for vibration of rotating rolling bearings under established test conditions, together with calibration of the related measuring systems.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding any corrigendum), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For any undated references, the latest edition of the document referred to applies.
GB/T 1800.2-2009 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Limits and fits - Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts (ISO 286-2:1988, MOD)
GB/T 2298-1991 Mechanical Vibration and Shock - Terminology (neq ISO 2041:1990)
GB/T 3141-1994 Industrial Liquid Lubricants - ISO Viscosity Classification (eqv ISO 3448:1992)
GB/T 4199-2003 Rolling Bearings - Tolerances - Definitions (ISO 1132-1:2000, MOD)
GB/T 6930-2002 Rolling Bearings - Vocabulary (ISO 5593:1997, IDT)
ISO 554 Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and/or Testing - Specifications
ISO 558 Conditioning and Testing - Standard Atmospheres - Definitions
ISO 3205 Preferred Test Temperatures
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2298-1991, GB/T 4199-2003, GB/T 6930-2002 and the following apply.
3.1
error motion
undesired radial or axial (translational) motion or tilt (angular) motion of an axis of rotation, excluding motions due to changes of temperature or externally applied load
3.2
stiffness
ratio of change of force (or torque) to the corresponding change in translational (or rotational) displacement of an elastic element
3.3
vibration
variation with time of the magnitude of a quantity which is descriptive of the motion or position of a mechanical system, when the magnitude is alternately greater and smaller than some average value or reference
3.4
transducer
device designed to receive energy from one system and supply energy, of either the same or of a different kind, to another system in such a manner that the desired characteristics of the input energy appear at the output
3.5
electromechanical pickup
transducer which is actuated by energy from a mechanical system (strain, force, motion, etc.), and supplies energy to an electrical system, or vice versa
Note: The principal types of transducers used in vibration and shock measurement are
a) piezoelectric accelerometer;
b) piezoresistive accelerometer;
c) strain-gauge type accelerometer;
d) variable-resistance transducer;
e) electrostatic (capacitor/condenser) transducer;
f) bonded-wire (foil) strain-gauge;
g) variable-reluctance transducer;
h) magnetostriction transducer;
i) moving-conductor transducer;
j) moving-coil transducer;
k) induction transducer.
3.6
displacement
vector quantity that specifies the change of position of a body, or particle, with respect to a reference frame
3.7
velocity
vector quantity that specifies the time-derivative of displacement
3.8
acceleration
vector quantity that specifies the time-derivative of velocity
3.9
filter
wave filter
device for separating oscillations on the basis of their frequency. It introduces relatively small attenuation to wave oscillations in one or more frequency bands and relatively large attenuation to oscillations of other frequencies
3.10
band-pass filter
filter which has a single transmission band extending from a lower cut-off frequency greater than zero to a finite upper cut-off frequency
3.11
pass-band
(band-pass filter) frequency band between the upper and lower cut-off frequencies
3.12
nominal upper and lower cut-off frequencies
cut-off frequency
(band-pass filter) frequencies above and below the frequency of maximum response of a filter at which the response to a sinusoidal signal is 3 dB below the maximum response
3.13
root mean square (r.m.s.) velocity
vr.m.s. (t)
square root, over a time interval T, of the average of squared values of the velocity' over the time interval
Note: Root mean square value can also be used for displacement and acceleration.
3.14
exponential mean effective (e.m.e.) velocity
ve.m.e. (t)
parameter for obtaining a time-average velocity, which is similar to root mean square velocity, but considers exponential decay
Note 1: Exponential mean effective value can also be used for displacement and acceleration.
Note 2: Exponential mean effective value is also known as exponential average value or time relaxation value.
3.15
period
smallest increment of the independent variable of a periodic quantity for which the function repeats itself
4 Fundamental Concepts
4.1 Bearing vibration measurement
The diagram in Figure 1 shows the fundamental elements of bearing vibration measurement and the factors that influence the measurement. The numbers in Figure 1 correspond to clauses of this part.
Foreword i
Introduction ii
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Fundamental Concepts
5 Measurement Process
6 Measurement and Evaluation Methods
7 Conditions for Measurement
8 Calibration and Reference Evaluation of the Measuring System
Annex A (Informative) Contact Resonance Considerations
GB/T 24610 consists of the following 4 parts, under the general title “Rolling Bearings - Measuring Methods for Vibration”:
- Part 1: Fundamentals;
- Part 2: Radial Ball Bearings with Cylindrical Bore and Outside Surface;
- Part 3: Radial Spherical and Tapered Roller Bearings with Cylindrical Bore and Outside Surface
- Part 4: Radial Cylindrical Roller Bearings with Cylindrical Bore and Outside Surface.
This part is Part 1 of GB/T 24610.
This part is identical to “Rolling Bearings - Measuring Methods for Vibration -Part 1: Fundamentals” (ISO 15242-1:2004).
This part is a translation of ISO 15242-1:2004.
For the purpose of this part, the following editorial changes were made:
- "this document" was changed to "this part";
- The foreword of the international standard was deleted;
The decimal point "," was replaced by ".".
Annex A of this part is informative.
This part was proposed by China Machinery Industry Federation.
This part is under the jurisdiction of the National Technical Committee on Rolling Bearing of Standardization Administration of China (SAC/TC 98).
Drafting organizations of this part: Hangzhou Bearing Test & Research Center, Luoyang Bearing Research Institute, Luoyang Bearing Science & Technology Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staff of this part: Chen Fanghua, Li Feixue, Zhang Youliang, Ma Suqing, Zhang Yajun, Guo Baoxia, Zhang Yanliao
Introduction
Vibration in rotating rolling bearings can be of importance as an operating characteristic of such bearings. The vibration can affect the performance of the mechanical system incorporating the bearing and can result in audible noise when the vibration is transmitted to the environment in which the mechanical system operates.
Vibration of rotating rolling bearings is a complex physical phenomenon dependent on the conditions of operation. Measuring the vibration output of an individual bearing under a certain set of conditions does not necessarily characterize the vibration output under a different set of conditions or when the bearing becomes part of a larger assembly. Assessment of the audible sound generated by the mechanical system incorporating the bearing is complicated further by the influence of the interface conditions, the location and orientation of the sensing device, and the acoustical environment in which the system operates. Assessment of airborne noise, which for the purpose of this document can be defined as any disagreeable and undesired sound, is further complicated by the subjective nature of the terms disagreeable and undesired. Structure-borne vibration can be considered the driving mechanism that ultimately results in the generation of airborne noise. Only selected methods for the measurement of the structure-borne vibration of rotating rolling bearings are addressed in this part of GB/T 24610.
This part of GB/T 24610 serves to define and specify the physical quantities measured and the general test conditions and environment utilized in the measurement of vibration generated by rolling bearings on a test rig. Based on this part of GB/T 24610, parties to the acceptance inspection of rolling bearings may, by agreement, establish acceptance criteria with which to control bearing vibration.
Vibration of rotating rolling bearings can be assessed by any of a number of means using various types of transducers and test conditions. No simple set of values characterizing the vibration of a bearing is adequate for the evaluation of the vibratory performance in all possible applications. Ultimately, a knowledge of the type of bearing, its application and the purpose of the vibration testing (e.g., as a manufacturing process diagnostic or an assessment of product quality) is required to select the most suitable method for testing. The field of application for standards on bearing vibration is, therefore, not universal. However, certain methods have established a wide enough level of application to be considered as standard methods for the purposes of this part of GB/T 24610.
This part of GB/T 24610 serves to define the general principles involved in vibration measurement. It is intended that further parts will specify in more detail the methods for assessing vibration of different types of bearings with cylindrical bore and outside surface.
NATIONAL STANDARD
OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T 24610.1-2009/ISO 15242-1:2004
Rolling Bearings –
Measuring Methods for Vibration -
Part 1: Fundamentals
滚动轴承振动测量方法 第1部分：基础
1 Scope
This part of GB/T 24610 specifies measuring methods for vibration of rotating rolling bearings under established test conditions, together with calibration of the related measuring systems.
2 Normative References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to (excluding any corrigendum), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For any undated references, the latest edition of the document referred to applies.
GB/T 1800.2-2009 Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Limits and fits - Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance grades and limit deviations for holes and shafts (ISO 286-2:1988, MOD)
GB/T 2298-1991 Mechanical Vibration and Shock - Terminology (neq ISO 2041:1990)
GB/T 3141-1994 Industrial Liquid Lubricants - ISO Viscosity Classification (eqv ISO 3448:1992)
GB/T 4199-2003 Rolling Bearings - Tolerances - Definitions (ISO 1132-1:2000, MOD)
GB/T 6930-2002 Rolling Bearings - Vocabulary (ISO 5593:1997, IDT)
ISO 554 Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and/or Testing - Specifications
ISO 558 Conditioning and Testing - Standard Atmospheres - Definitions
ISO 3205 Preferred Test Temperatures
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 2298-1991, GB/T 4199-2003, GB/T 6930-2002 and the following apply.
3.1
error motion
undesired radial or axial (translational) motion or tilt (angular) motion of an axis of rotation, excluding motions due to changes of temperature or externally applied load
3.2
stiffness
ratio of change of force (or torque) to the corresponding change in translational (or rotational) displacement of an elastic element
3.3
vibration
variation with time of the magnitude of a quantity which is descriptive of the motion or position of a mechanical system, when the magnitude is alternately greater and smaller than some average value or reference
3.4
transducer
device designed to receive energy from one system and supply energy, of either the same or of a different kind, to another system in such a manner that the desired characteristics of the input energy appear at the output
3.5
electromechanical pickup
transducer which is actuated by energy from a mechanical system (strain, force, motion, etc.), and supplies energy to an electrical system, or vice versa
Note: The principal types of transducers used in vibration and shock measurement are
a) piezoelectric accelerometer;
b) piezoresistive accelerometer;
c) strain-gauge type accelerometer;
d) variable-resistance transducer;
e) electrostatic (capacitor/condenser) transducer;
f) bonded-wire (foil) strain-gauge;
g) variable-reluctance transducer;
h) magnetostriction transducer;
i) moving-conductor transducer;
j) moving-coil transducer;
k) induction transducer.
3.6
displacement
vector quantity that specifies the change of position of a body, or particle, with respect to a reference frame
3.7
velocity
vector quantity that specifies the time-derivative of displacement
3.8
acceleration
vector quantity that specifies the time-derivative of velocity
3.9
filter
wave filter
device for separating oscillations on the basis of their frequency. It introduces relatively small attenuation to wave oscillations in one or more frequency bands and relatively large attenuation to oscillations of other frequencies
3.10
band-pass filter
filter which has a single transmission band extending from a lower cut-off frequency greater than zero to a finite upper cut-off frequency
3.11
pass-band
(band-pass filter) frequency band between the upper and lower cut-off frequencies
3.12
nominal upper and lower cut-off frequencies
cut-off frequency
(band-pass filter) frequencies above and below the frequency of maximum response of a filter at which the response to a sinusoidal signal is 3 dB below the maximum response
3.13
root mean square (r.m.s.) velocity
vr.m.s. (t)
square root, over a time interval T, of the average of squared values of the velocity' over the time interval
Note: Root mean square value can also be used for displacement and acceleration.
3.14
exponential mean effective (e.m.e.) velocity
ve.m.e. (t)
parameter for obtaining a time-average velocity, which is similar to root mean square velocity, but considers exponential decay
Note 1: Exponential mean effective value can also be used for displacement and acceleration.
Note 2: Exponential mean effective value is also known as exponential average value or time relaxation value.
3.15
period
smallest increment of the independent variable of a periodic quantity for which the function repeats itself
4 Fundamental Concepts
4.1 Bearing vibration measurement
The diagram in Figure 1 shows the fundamental elements of bearing vibration measurement and the factors that influence the measurement. The numbers in Figure 1 correspond to clauses of this part.
Contents of GB/T 24610.1-2009
Foreword i
Introduction ii
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Fundamental Concepts
5 Measurement Process
6 Measurement and Evaluation Methods
7 Conditions for Measurement
8 Calibration and Reference Evaluation of the Measuring System
Annex A (Informative) Contact Resonance Considerations
