This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard is identical to ISO 25197:2012 Small craft - Electrical/electronic control systems for steering, shift and throttle by means of translation.
The Chinese documents consistent and corresponding with the normative international documents in this standard are as follows:
——GB/T 10250-2007 Electrical and electronic installations in ships - Electromagnetic compatibility (IEC 60533:1999, IDT);
——GB/T 17726-1999 Small craft - Electrical devices - Protection against ignition of surrounding flammable gases (ISO 8846:1990, IDT);
——GB/T 17844-1999 Small craft - Remote steering systems (ISO 8848:1990, IDT);
——GB/T 18814-2002 Small craft - Electrical systems - Alternating current installations (ISO 13297:2000, IDT);
——GB/T 18815-2013 Small craft, engine-driven - Field of vision from helm position (ISO 11591:2011, IDT);
——GB/T 19311-2003 Small craft - Electrical systems - Extra-low-voltage d.c. installations (ISO 10133:2000, IDT);
——GB/T 19318-2003 Small craft - Hydraulic steering systems (ISO 10592:1994, IDT);
——GB/T 28046.2-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 2: Electrical loads (ISO 16750-2:2006, MOD);
——GB/T 28046.3-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3: Mechanical loads (ISO 16750-3:2007, MOD);
——GB/T 28046.4-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 4: Climatic loads (ISO 16750-4:2006, MOD);
——GB/T 28560-2012 Electrical installations in ships - Small vessels (IEC 60092-507:2008, IDT).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 241 National Technical Committee on Small Craft of Standardization Administration of China.
Small craft - Electrical/electronic control systems for steering, shift and throttle
1 Scope
This standard establishes the requirements for design, construction and testing of electrical/electronic steering, shift and throttle and dynamic positioning control systems, or combinations thereof, on small craft.
This standard is applicable to the small craft of up to 24m length of hull.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8846 Small craft - Electrical devices - Protection against ignition of surrounding flammable gases
ISO 8848 Small craft - Remote steering systems
ISO 10133 Small craft - Electrical systems - Extra-low-voltage d.c. installations
ISO 10240 Small craft - Owner's manual
ISO 10592 Small craft - Hydraulic steering systems
ISO 11591 Small craft, engine-driven - Field of vision from helm position
ISO 12215-8 Small craft - Hull construction and scantlings - Part 8: Rudders
ISO 13297 Small craft - Electrical systems - Alternating current installations
ISO 16750-2:2010 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 2: Electrical loads
ISO 16750-3:2007 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3: Mechanical loads
ISO 16750-4 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 4: Climatic loads
IEC 60068-2-27 Environmental testing - Part 2-27: Tests - Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-52 Environmental testing - Part 2-52: Tests - Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution)
IEC 60092-507 Electrical installations in ships - Part 507: Small vessels
IEC 60533:1999 Electrical and electronic installations in ships - Electromagnetic compatibility
IEC 60945:2002 Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - General requirements - Methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61000-4-5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-5: Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
IEC 61508 (all parts) Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
electric/electronic steering system
all components, including CPU (central processing unit) and cable harnesses, from the manual steering input device up to and including the device (actuator or electrical motor) regulating the rudder or propulsion unit steering angle
Note: It includes the joystick and components, i.e. GPS antennas for dynamic positioning, if installed.
3.2
dynamic-positioning system
computer-controlled system to automatically maintain a craft’s position and heading by using her own propulsion systems with or without the assistance of bow or stern thrusters
3.3
electrical/electronic shift and throttle system
all components, including CPU (central processing unit) and cable harnesses, from the shift and throttle input device up to and including the device controlling the shift and speed of engines
3.4
ignition-protected equipment
electrical equipment designed and tested for use in explosive atmospheres without igniting surrounding flammable gases
3.5
accessible
capable of being reached for inspection, removal or maintenance without removal of permanent structure of the craft
3.6
readily accessible
capable of being reached for operation, inspection or maintenance without the use of tools, or removal of any structures of the craft, or removal of any locations such as cabinet, chamber or shelf intended for storage of portable devices
3.7
nominal voltage(s)
those commonly used voltages, such as 12V, 24V or 36V DC
3.8
manoeuvring mode
reduced power mode for manoeuvring, determined by the manufacturer
3.9
cruising mode
power mode above manoeuvring mode up to full power, determined by the manufacturer
3.10
X axis
direction of a craft fore or aft, longitudinally
3.11
Y axis
direction of a craft port or starboard, transversely
3.12
Z axis
axis normal to the X-Y plane
3.13
control head
single oriented device, other than a steering wheel, for the simultaneous control of steering and propulsion
Example: Joystick, track-ball or slide levers.
3.14
control lever
operator input device for the control of thrust
3.15
steering helm
operator input device for the control of steering
3.16
joystick
operator input device for the simultaneous control of thrust, steering and propulsion
3.17
helm station
location from which steering, propulsion and thrust can be controlled
3.18
multiple helm stations
more than one location in the boat from which steering, propulsion and thrust can be controlled
3.19
command station
helm station location that is in active control
3.20
portable helm
helm providing a combination of shift or throttle or steering, not permanently affixed to the craft’s structure, communicating with the system through wired or wireless means
3.21
propulsion
component or components of thrust that permit a craft’s movement in any direction
Note: Examples of propulsion-generating devices include outboards, stern drives, pod drives, jet drives, inboards and thrusters.
3.22
radio frequency; RF
frequency within the range of frequencies suitable for utilization in radio communication
3.23
actuator
electromechanical, electropneumatic and/or electrohydraulic device that converts an electrical signal into a mechanical displacement
3.24
thrust
propulsive force from craft’s main propulsion system or bow or stern thrusters or a combination thereof in order to move or rotate the craft
3.25
wireless
mode of communication, monitoring and/or control through the use of electromagnetic, acoustic or optical transmission through atmospheric space
3.26
damp area
area where moisture is either permanently or intermittently present
EXAMPLE: Bilge, head, galley.
3.27
wet area
area exposed to weather
3.28
interior
protected area inside the craft
3.29
EUT
equipment under test
3.30
performance criteria
standard by which the functional status of an EUT during and after testing is judged
3.31
failure modes and effects analysis; FMEA
procedure in product development and operations development for analysis of potential failure modes
3.32
fail-safe mode
device or feature which, in the event of failure, responds in a way that will cause no harm, or minimize the harm, to other devices and cause no danger, or minimize the danger, to personnel
4 General requirements
4.1 All electronic/electrical components shall be designed to withstand a reversed-polarity connection of the power leads. This shall not render the component inoperable when subsequently connected to the power correctly.
4.2 All electronic/electrical components shall be designed with reverse polarity protection from internal surges.
4.3 DC systems shall comply with ISO 10133. AC systems shall comply with ISO 13297. An acceptable alternative to ISO 10133 and ISO 13297 is given in IEC 60092-507.
4.4 The system shall be energized whenever the propulsion engine(s) are running.
4.5 The system, except for dynamic positioning and displays, shall be fully operational within 5s after being turned on (powered).
4.6 Multi-installed engine steering systems shall be redundant by virtue of the fact that they are both mechanically and electrically independent of each other. A single device is allowed for control of multiple engines (e.g. steering wheel, joystick).
4.7 Each helm station shall give a visual indication when active. A main steering position shall be designated and meet the applicable requirements of ISO 11591, with the location included in the owner’s manual.
4.8 Each helm station shall, by visible and/or audible means, alert the operator when the system enters the fail-safe mode.
4.9 The sound pressure of an audible alarm 1m from the command station shall be at least 75dB(A), but not greater than 85dB(A). Systems incorporating a mute feature shall maintain the visual alert as long as the failure persists.
If an audible-only alert system is utilized: muting of the alarm is not allowed
4.10 Instructions for proper installation and use of the steering system shall be made available by the manufacturer.
4.11 Operational characteristics, instructions and warnings for proper use shall be described in the owner’s manual and/or by on-product labelling.
4.12 With the exception of an optional temporary override for emergency situations, it shall only be possible to start propulsion equipment in neutral.
Note: This includes any equipment that drives the propeller or water-jet drive.
4.13 The steering, shift and throttle actuators shall react/adjust input on a physical input command within 0.5s.
4.14 Steering wheels shall comply with the requirements of ISO 8848.
4.15 Hydraulic systems shall comply with the requirements of ISO 10592.
4.16 Electrical components intended to be installed in petrol engine or petrol tank compartments shall be ignition-protected in accordance with ISO 8846.
4.17 A risk identification/analysis, using an established method, shall be carried out for each system design.
Example: Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), fault-tree analysis (FTA).
Risk identification and functional safety may be carried out as given in the relevant part of IEC 61508.
4.18 Systems that provide both cruising- and manoeuvring modes shall provide an indication to the operator at the command station of which mode the system is in, and shall not change modes without input from the operator.
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General requirements
5 Control head
6 Command station transfer
7 Portable helm station controls
8 Dynamic-positioning system (DPS)
9 Failure modes and responses
10 Test requirements
11 Labeling
12 Instructions to be included with the owner’s manual
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard is identical to ISO 25197:2012 Small craft - Electrical/electronic control systems for steering, shift and throttle by means of translation.
The Chinese documents consistent and corresponding with the normative international documents in this standard are as follows:
——GB/T 10250-2007 Electrical and electronic installations in ships - Electromagnetic compatibility (IEC 60533:1999, IDT);
——GB/T 17726-1999 Small craft - Electrical devices - Protection against ignition of surrounding flammable gases (ISO 8846:1990, IDT);
——GB/T 17844-1999 Small craft - Remote steering systems (ISO 8848:1990, IDT);
——GB/T 18814-2002 Small craft - Electrical systems - Alternating current installations (ISO 13297:2000, IDT);
——GB/T 18815-2013 Small craft, engine-driven - Field of vision from helm position (ISO 11591:2011, IDT);
——GB/T 19311-2003 Small craft - Electrical systems - Extra-low-voltage d.c. installations (ISO 10133:2000, IDT);
——GB/T 19318-2003 Small craft - Hydraulic steering systems (ISO 10592:1994, IDT);
——GB/T 28046.2-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 2: Electrical loads (ISO 16750-2:2006, MOD);
——GB/T 28046.3-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3: Mechanical loads (ISO 16750-3:2007, MOD);
——GB/T 28046.4-2011 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 4: Climatic loads (ISO 16750-4:2006, MOD);
——GB/T 28560-2012 Electrical installations in ships - Small vessels (IEC 60092-507:2008, IDT).
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 241 National Technical Committee on Small Craft of Standardization Administration of China.
Small craft - Electrical/electronic control systems for steering, shift and throttle
1 Scope
This standard establishes the requirements for design, construction and testing of electrical/electronic steering, shift and throttle and dynamic positioning control systems, or combinations thereof, on small craft.
This standard is applicable to the small craft of up to 24m length of hull.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 8846 Small craft - Electrical devices - Protection against ignition of surrounding flammable gases
ISO 8848 Small craft - Remote steering systems
ISO 10133 Small craft - Electrical systems - Extra-low-voltage d.c. installations
ISO 10240 Small craft - Owner's manual
ISO 10592 Small craft - Hydraulic steering systems
ISO 11591 Small craft, engine-driven - Field of vision from helm position
ISO 12215-8 Small craft - Hull construction and scantlings - Part 8: Rudders
ISO 13297 Small craft - Electrical systems - Alternating current installations
ISO 16750-2:2010 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 2: Electrical loads
ISO 16750-3:2007 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3: Mechanical loads
ISO 16750-4 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 4: Climatic loads
IEC 60068-2-27 Environmental testing - Part 2-27: Tests - Test Ea and guidance: Shock
IEC 60068-2-52 Environmental testing - Part 2-52: Tests - Test Kb: Salt mist, cyclic (sodium chloride solution)
IEC 60092-507 Electrical installations in ships - Part 507: Small vessels
IEC 60533:1999 Electrical and electronic installations in ships - Electromagnetic compatibility
IEC 60945:2002 Maritime navigation and radiocommunication equipment and systems - General requirements - Methods of testing and required test results
IEC 61000-4-5 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-5: Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
IEC 61508 (all parts) Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
electric/electronic steering system
all components, including CPU (central processing unit) and cable harnesses, from the manual steering input device up to and including the device (actuator or electrical motor) regulating the rudder or propulsion unit steering angle
Note: It includes the joystick and components, i.e. GPS antennas for dynamic positioning, if installed.
3.2
dynamic-positioning system
computer-controlled system to automatically maintain a craft’s position and heading by using her own propulsion systems with or without the assistance of bow or stern thrusters
3.3
electrical/electronic shift and throttle system
all components, including CPU (central processing unit) and cable harnesses, from the shift and throttle input device up to and including the device controlling the shift and speed of engines
3.4
ignition-protected equipment
electrical equipment designed and tested for use in explosive atmospheres without igniting surrounding flammable gases
3.5
accessible
capable of being reached for inspection, removal or maintenance without removal of permanent structure of the craft
3.6
readily accessible
capable of being reached for operation, inspection or maintenance without the use of tools, or removal of any structures of the craft, or removal of any locations such as cabinet, chamber or shelf intended for storage of portable devices
3.7
nominal voltage(s)
those commonly used voltages, such as 12V, 24V or 36V DC
3.8
manoeuvring mode
reduced power mode for manoeuvring, determined by the manufacturer
3.9
cruising mode
power mode above manoeuvring mode up to full power, determined by the manufacturer
3.10
X axis
direction of a craft fore or aft, longitudinally
3.11
Y axis
direction of a craft port or starboard, transversely
3.12
Z axis
axis normal to the X-Y plane
3.13
control head
single oriented device, other than a steering wheel, for the simultaneous control of steering and propulsion
Example: Joystick, track-ball or slide levers.
3.14
control lever
operator input device for the control of thrust
3.15
steering helm
operator input device for the control of steering
3.16
joystick
operator input device for the simultaneous control of thrust, steering and propulsion
3.17
helm station
location from which steering, propulsion and thrust can be controlled
3.18
multiple helm stations
more than one location in the boat from which steering, propulsion and thrust can be controlled
3.19
command station
helm station location that is in active control
3.20
portable helm
helm providing a combination of shift or throttle or steering, not permanently affixed to the craft’s structure, communicating with the system through wired or wireless means
3.21
propulsion
component or components of thrust that permit a craft’s movement in any direction
Note: Examples of propulsion-generating devices include outboards, stern drives, pod drives, jet drives, inboards and thrusters.
3.22
radio frequency; RF
frequency within the range of frequencies suitable for utilization in radio communication
3.23
actuator
electromechanical, electropneumatic and/or electrohydraulic device that converts an electrical signal into a mechanical displacement
3.24
thrust
propulsive force from craft’s main propulsion system or bow or stern thrusters or a combination thereof in order to move or rotate the craft
3.25
wireless
mode of communication, monitoring and/or control through the use of electromagnetic, acoustic or optical transmission through atmospheric space
3.26
damp area
area where moisture is either permanently or intermittently present
EXAMPLE: Bilge, head, galley.
3.27
wet area
area exposed to weather
3.28
interior
protected area inside the craft
3.29
EUT
equipment under test
3.30
performance criteria
standard by which the functional status of an EUT during and after testing is judged
3.31
failure modes and effects analysis; FMEA
procedure in product development and operations development for analysis of potential failure modes
3.32
fail-safe mode
device or feature which, in the event of failure, responds in a way that will cause no harm, or minimize the harm, to other devices and cause no danger, or minimize the danger, to personnel
4 General requirements
4.1 All electronic/electrical components shall be designed to withstand a reversed-polarity connection of the power leads. This shall not render the component inoperable when subsequently connected to the power correctly.
4.2 All electronic/electrical components shall be designed with reverse polarity protection from internal surges.
4.3 DC systems shall comply with ISO 10133. AC systems shall comply with ISO 13297. An acceptable alternative to ISO 10133 and ISO 13297 is given in IEC 60092-507.
4.4 The system shall be energized whenever the propulsion engine(s) are running.
4.5 The system, except for dynamic positioning and displays, shall be fully operational within 5s after being turned on (powered).
4.6 Multi-installed engine steering systems shall be redundant by virtue of the fact that they are both mechanically and electrically independent of each other. A single device is allowed for control of multiple engines (e.g. steering wheel, joystick).
4.7 Each helm station shall give a visual indication when active. A main steering position shall be designated and meet the applicable requirements of ISO 11591, with the location included in the owner’s manual.
4.8 Each helm station shall, by visible and/or audible means, alert the operator when the system enters the fail-safe mode.
4.9 The sound pressure of an audible alarm 1m from the command station shall be at least 75dB(A), but not greater than 85dB(A). Systems incorporating a mute feature shall maintain the visual alert as long as the failure persists.
If an audible-only alert system is utilized: muting of the alarm is not allowed
4.10 Instructions for proper installation and use of the steering system shall be made available by the manufacturer.
4.11 Operational characteristics, instructions and warnings for proper use shall be described in the owner’s manual and/or by on-product labelling.
4.12 With the exception of an optional temporary override for emergency situations, it shall only be possible to start propulsion equipment in neutral.
Note: This includes any equipment that drives the propeller or water-jet drive.
4.13 The steering, shift and throttle actuators shall react/adjust input on a physical input command within 0.5s.
4.14 Steering wheels shall comply with the requirements of ISO 8848.
4.15 Hydraulic systems shall comply with the requirements of ISO 10592.
4.16 Electrical components intended to be installed in petrol engine or petrol tank compartments shall be ignition-protected in accordance with ISO 8846.
4.17 A risk identification/analysis, using an established method, shall be carried out for each system design.
Example: Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA), fault-tree analysis (FTA).
Risk identification and functional safety may be carried out as given in the relevant part of IEC 61508.
4.18 Systems that provide both cruising- and manoeuvring modes shall provide an indication to the operator at the command station of which mode the system is in, and shall not change modes without input from the operator.
Contents of GB/T 37419-2019
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 General requirements
5 Control head
6 Command station transfer
7 Portable helm station controls
8 Dynamic-positioning system (DPS)
9 Failure modes and responses
10 Test requirements
11 Labeling
12 Instructions to be included with the owner’s manual
