This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, packaging, transportation and storage of electric bicycles centralized charging facilities.
This document applies to three types of electric bicycles centralized charging facilities: AC charging controller, battery swap cabinet and charging cabinet.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1 : General requirements
GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold
GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2 : Test methods - Tests B : Dry heat
GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle)
GB/T 2423.17 Envrionmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Ka: Salt mist
GB/T 2423.24 Environmental testing - Part 2:Test methods - Test S:Simulated solar radiation at ground level and guidance for solar radiation testing and weathering
GB/T 2423.55 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2 : Test methods - Test Eh: hammer tests
GB/T 4025 Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface,marking and identification - Coding principles for indicators and actuators
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 4857.23-2021 Packaging - Basic tests for transport packages - Part 23 : Vertical random vibration test method
GB 4943.1-2022 Audio/video,information and communication technology equipment - Part 1:Safety requirements
GB/T 5095.7-1997 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 7: Mechanical operating tests and sealing tests
GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16:Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 11918.1-2014 Plugs, socket-outlet and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 1:General requirements
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
GB 17761-2018 Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
GB/T 18380.22 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 22:Test for vertical flame propagation for a single small insulated wire or cable - Procedure for diffusion flame
GB/T 18487.2-2017 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 2:EMC requirements for off-board electric vehicle supply equipment
GB 26851 Audible and/or visual fire alarm signaling appliances
GB/T 28046.3 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3 : Mechanical loads
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
GB 50140 Code for disign of extinguisher distribution in buildings
GB/T 51313 Technical standard for discrete electric vehicle charging infrastructure
ISO 11898-1 Road vehicles - Controller area network (CAN) - Part 1 : Data link layer and physical signaling
ISO/IEC 14443-3 Cards and security devices for personal identification-Contactless proximity objects - Part 3 : Initialization and anticollision
ISO/IEC 14443-4 Cards and security devices for personal identification - Contactless proximity objects - Part 4 : Transmission protocol
SAE J1939-11 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 11 : Physical layer, 250 K bits/s, twisted shielded pair
SAE J1939-21:2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 21 : Data link layer
SAE J1939-73 : 2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network-Part 73 : Application layer - Diagnostics
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions specified in GB17761-2018, GB/T 51313 and the followings apply.
3.1
electric bicycle
two-wheeled bicycles capable of running by pedaling under electric aid or/and electric drive with on-board battery as auxiliary power source
[Source: GB 17761-2018, 3.1]
3.2
centralized charging facility
generic term of the related facilities that provide centralized electric energy for electric bicycles or galvanic battery
Note: including AC charging controller, battery swap cabinet and charging cabinet.
3.3
galvanic battery
assembly composed of more than one secondary cell in series, parallel or series-parallel connection and used as a power supply
Note: galvanic battery includes lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries.
3.4
AC charging facility
facility that consists of an AC charging controller, distribution lines and sockets, which can provide 220V AC power supply and manage multiple electric bicycles or galvanic battery at the same time
3.5
AC charging controller
device that divides a single 220 V AC power supply into multiple 220 V output branches and manages the output
3.6
battery swap cabinet
device that adopts cabinet structure to convert alternating current into direct current, and has multiple lithium-ion batteries for charging electric bicycles and can achieve the leasing and exchange of galvanic battery
3.7
charging cabinet
device that adopts cabinet structure, and provides multi-channel 220 V alternating current through charging controller to charge the galvanic battery of multiple electric bicycles
3.8
charging coupler
connecting device that the battery swap cabinet charges the galvanic battery, it consists of the charging socket of galvanic battery and the charging plug of battery swap cabinet
Note: the electrical part of the charging plug consists of positive and negative power supply, communication and standby communication sockets. Charging coupler includes soft connection coupler and rigid connection coupler.
3.9
soft connection coupler
coupling mode that a charger charges a galvanic battery through a plug connected by a flexible cable
3.10
rigid connection coupler
coupling mode that the charger directly charges a galvanic battery through the base plug at the output end
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General
This clause specifies the technical requirements of AC charging controller, battery swap cabinet and charging cabinet.
4.2 Requirements of AC charging controller
4.2.1 Basic structure and output performance
AC charging controller consists of shell, input protection, electrical protection, charging control, power monitoring, human-machine interaction and communication. The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1 and the input and output requirements are shown in Table 1.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of AC charging controller
Table 1 Input and output performance requirements of AC charging controller
Rated input voltage /V Rated maximum output current Output circuit Frequency / Hz
220×(1±15%) 3A, single channel 2 - 20 channels 50±1
4.2.2 Shell requirements
4.2.2.1 Performance requirements
The shell structure of AC charging controller shall meet the following requirements:
a) Adopt fully enclosed structure, with good sealing performance and free from obvious sharp edges;
b) The color layer coated on the surface shall be even and smooth, free from foaming, cracking and falling off;
c) Protection grade: not less than IP54 for outdoor use and not less than IP32 for indoor use;
d) The plastic shell shall be made of materials with strong impact resistance and aging resistance;
e) Rust-proof requirements of metal shell, after the test according to the method specified in d) in 5.2.1.1, the surface shall be free from rust;
f) The structure shall meet the requirements of floor or wall mounting.
4.2.2.2 Identification and marking
The shell of AC charging controller shall be identified at an obvious position, and the following (but not limited to) contents shall be clearly indicated:
a) manufacturer;
b) model;
c) equipment No. or serial number or production batch No.;
d) date of production;
e) rated input voltage (V);
f) rated input power (kW);
g) output voltage range (V);
h) maximum total output current and single-channel maximum output current (A);
i) rated output power and single-channel rated output power (kW);
j) indoor use or outdoor use (IP code of shell protection grade).
4.2.3 Input protection requirements
The input protection of AC charging controller shall meet the following requirements:
a) Residual current protection function: the residual current protector shall be installed at the incoming terminal of AC power supply, and its rated residual current shall not exceed 30 mA;
b) Charging monitoring function: monitoring the change of charging current and voltage of each output loop in real time;
c) Automatic disconnecting function: automatically disconnect when the device is fully charged or charged for 8h.
4.2.4 Electrical protection requirements
The electrical protection of AC charging controller shall meet the following requirements:
a) output overcurrent protection function;
b) the output loop voltage is not greater than 12 V when the charging load is removed during charging.
4.2.5 Output switch requirements
The output switch of AC charging controller shall have short circuit protection function.
GB/T 42236.1-2022 Electric bicycles centralized charging facilities -Part 1: Technical specification
1 Scope
This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods, packaging, transportation and storage of electric bicycles centralized charging facilities.
This document applies to three types of electric bicycles centralized charging facilities: AC charging controller, battery swap cabinet and charging cabinet.
2 Normative references
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 2099.1 Plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar purposes - Part 1 : General requirements
GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing - Part 2: Test methods - Tests A: Cold
GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2 : Test methods - Tests B : Dry heat
GB/T 2423.4 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Db: Damp heat, cyclic (12h+12h cycle)
GB/T 2423.17 Envrionmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2: Test method - Test Ka: Salt mist
GB/T 2423.24 Environmental testing - Part 2:Test methods - Test S:Simulated solar radiation at ground level and guidance for solar radiation testing and weathering
GB/T 2423.55 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products - Part 2 : Test methods - Test Eh: hammer tests
GB/T 4025 Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface,marking and identification - Coding principles for indicators and actuators
GB/T 4208-2017 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 4857.23-2021 Packaging - Basic tests for transport packages - Part 23 : Vertical random vibration test method
GB 4943.1-2022 Audio/video,information and communication technology equipment - Part 1:Safety requirements
GB/T 5095.7-1997 Electromechanical components for electronic equipment Basic testing procedures and measuring methods - Part 7: Mechanical operating tests and sealing tests
GB/T 5169.16-2017 Fire hazard testing for electric and electronic products - Part 16:Test flames - 50 W horizontal and vertical flame test methods
GB/T 11918.1-2014 Plugs, socket-outlet and couplers for industrial purposes - Part 1:General requirements
GB/T 13384 General specifications for packing of mechanical and electrical product
GB/T 17045 Protection against electric shock - Common aspects for installations and equipment
GB/T 17626.5 Electromagnetic compatibility - Testing and measurement techniques - Surge immunity test
GB 17761-2018 Safety technical specification for electric bicycle
GB/T 18380.22 Tests on electric and optical fibre cables under fire conditions - Part 22:Test for vertical flame propagation for a single small insulated wire or cable - Procedure for diffusion flame
GB/T 18487.2-2017 Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 2:EMC requirements for off-board electric vehicle supply equipment
GB/T 19582.1 Modbus industrial automation network specification - Part 1 : Modbus application protocol
GB 26851 Audible and/or visual fire alarm signaling appliances
GB/T 28046.3 Road vehicles - Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment - Part 3 : Mechanical loads
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
GB 50140 Code for disign of extinguisher distribution in buildings
GB/T 51313 Technical standard for discrete electric vehicle charging infrastructure
ISO 11898-1 Road vehicles - Controller area network (CAN) - Part 1 : Data link layer and physical signaling
ISO/IEC 14443-3 Cards and security devices for personal identification-Contactless proximity objects - Part 3 : Initialization and anticollision
ISO/IEC 14443-4 Cards and security devices for personal identification - Contactless proximity objects - Part 4 : Transmission protocol
SAE J1939-11 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 11 : Physical layer, 250 K bits/s, twisted shielded pair
SAE J1939-21:2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network - Part 21 : Data link layer
SAE J1939-73 : 2006 Recommended practice for serial control and communication vehicle network-Part 73 : Application layer - Diagnostics
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions specified in GB17761-2018, GB/T 51313 and the followings apply.
3.1
electric bicycle
two-wheeled bicycles capable of running by pedaling under electric aid or/and electric drive with on-board battery as auxiliary power source
[Source: GB 17761-2018, 3.1]
3.2
centralized charging facility
generic term of the related facilities that provide centralized electric energy for electric bicycles or galvanic battery
Note: including AC charging controller, battery swap cabinet and charging cabinet.
3.3
galvanic battery
assembly composed of more than one secondary cell in series, parallel or series-parallel connection and used as a power supply
Note: galvanic battery includes lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries.
3.4
AC charging facility
facility that consists of an AC charging controller, distribution lines and sockets, which can provide 220V AC power supply and manage multiple electric bicycles or galvanic battery at the same time
3.5
AC charging controller
device that divides a single 220 V AC power supply into multiple 220 V output branches and manages the output
3.6
battery swap cabinet
device that adopts cabinet structure to convert alternating current into direct current, and has multiple lithium-ion batteries for charging electric bicycles and can achieve the leasing and exchange of galvanic battery
3.7
charging cabinet
device that adopts cabinet structure, and provides multi-channel 220 V alternating current through charging controller to charge the galvanic battery of multiple electric bicycles
3.8
charging coupler
connecting device that the battery swap cabinet charges the galvanic battery, it consists of the charging socket of galvanic battery and the charging plug of battery swap cabinet
Note: the electrical part of the charging plug consists of positive and negative power supply, communication and standby communication sockets. Charging coupler includes soft connection coupler and rigid connection coupler.
3.9
soft connection coupler
coupling mode that a charger charges a galvanic battery through a plug connected by a flexible cable
3.10
rigid connection coupler
coupling mode that the charger directly charges a galvanic battery through the base plug at the output end
4 Technical requirements
4.1 General
This clause specifies the technical requirements of AC charging controller, battery swap cabinet and charging cabinet.
4.2 Requirements of AC charging controller
4.2.1 Basic structure and output performance
AC charging controller consists of shell, input protection, electrical protection, charging control, power monitoring, human-machine interaction and communication. The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 1 and the input and output requirements are shown in Table 1.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of AC charging controller
Table 1 Input and output performance requirements of AC charging controller
Rated input voltage /V Rated maximum output current Output circuit Frequency / Hz
220×(1±15%) 3A, single channel 2 - 20 channels 50±1
4.2.2 Shell requirements
4.2.2.1 Performance requirements
The shell structure of AC charging controller shall meet the following requirements:
a) Adopt fully enclosed structure, with good sealing performance and free from obvious sharp edges;
b) The color layer coated on the surface shall be even and smooth, free from foaming, cracking and falling off;
c) Protection grade: not less than IP54 for outdoor use and not less than IP32 for indoor use;
d) The plastic shell shall be made of materials with strong impact resistance and aging resistance;
e) Rust-proof requirements of metal shell, after the test according to the method specified in d) in 5.2.1.1, the surface shall be free from rust;
f) The structure shall meet the requirements of floor or wall mounting.
4.2.2.2 Identification and marking
The shell of AC charging controller shall be identified at an obvious position, and the following (but not limited to) contents shall be clearly indicated:
a) manufacturer;
b) model;
c) equipment No. or serial number or production batch No.;
d) date of production;
e) rated input voltage (V);
f) rated input power (kW);
g) output voltage range (V);
h) maximum total output current and single-channel maximum output current (A);
i) rated output power and single-channel rated output power (kW);
j) indoor use or outdoor use (IP code of shell protection grade).
4.2.3 Input protection requirements
The input protection of AC charging controller shall meet the following requirements:
a) Residual current protection function: the residual current protector shall be installed at the incoming terminal of AC power supply, and its rated residual current shall not exceed 30 mA;
b) Charging monitoring function: monitoring the change of charging current and voltage of each output loop in real time;
c) Automatic disconnecting function: automatically disconnect when the device is fully charged or charged for 8h.
4.2.4 Electrical protection requirements
The electrical protection of AC charging controller shall meet the following requirements:
a) output overcurrent protection function;
b) the output loop voltage is not greater than 12 V when the charging load is removed during charging.
4.2.5 Output switch requirements
The output switch of AC charging controller shall have short circuit protection function.
