Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 9158-1988 Mechanical test methods for windows and the following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 9158-1988:
——The performance of bearing mechanical force is changed to mechanics performance;
——The test methods of mechanics performance for doors in building are added (see clause 4);
——The requirements for test pieces are added (see clause 5);
——The mechanics performance gradation of windows and doors in building is added (see 6.1.2, 6.2.2, 6.3.2 and 6.4.2);
——The performance of lifting of suspension end is changed to performance of vertical load resistance (see 6.3; 6.2.2 of Edition 1988);
——The test methods for resistance of static torsion and vigorous shutdown are added (see 6.4 and 6.7.1);
——The test method for warping is deleted (see 6.2.1 of Edition 1988);
——The formats for test record and test report are added (see Annex A).
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 448 National Technical Committee on Curtain Walls and Windows of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——GB/T 9158-1988.
Test methods of mechanics performance for windows and doors in building
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, test items, test piece requirements, test method and test report of test methods of mechanics performance for windows and doors in building.
This standard is applicable to all kinds of doors and windows in building which are operated manually.
This standard is not applicable to special doors and windows such as fireproof doors and windows, escape doors and windows, vent windows and radiation-proof screen doors.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5823 Terminology for building windows and doors
GB/T 14155 Doorsets - Soft heavy body impact test
GB/T 29048 Operating forces - Test method - Windows
GB/T 29049 Doorsets - Vertical load test
GB/T 29530 Hinged or pivoted doors - Determination of the resistance to static torsion
GB/T 29555 Test method of operating forces for doors
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5823 and the following apply.
3.1
mechanics performance for windows and doors
ability of an operable leaf of a door or window to maintain normal use function under the action of mechanical force
3.2
operating force
maximum values of locking force and releasing force of locking device of a door or window as well as of opening force and closing force of an operable leaf
3.3
performance of soft heavy body impact resistance
ability of a door leaf (french window, show window) to withstand the impact of a soft heavy body perpendicular to the plane without damage
3.4
performance of vertical load resistance
ability of an operable leaf of a door or window to bear vertical loads when they are open
3.5
performance of static torsion resistance
ability of a door leaf to maintain a flat state under the action of static torsion force
3.6
performance of twisting deformation resistance
ability of the handle part of the sliding door or window to resist deformation when the door or window is opened or closed, during which, the operable leaf is subjected to resistance but the handle is still pushed and pulled forcibly
3.7
performance of diagonal deformation resistance
ability of an operable leaf of a door or window to resist the diagonal deformation generated when the operable leaf of a sliding door or window is subjected to resistance during operation but still be pushed and pulled forcibly
3.8
performance of vigorous shutdown resistance
ability of an operable leaf of an open door or window to withstand a violent collision between it and frame when the spreader is not locked or fails to function
4 Test items
The test items for the mechanics performance of windows and doors in buildings shall meet the requirements of Table 1 or 2, as the case may be.
Table 1 Test items for the mechanics performance of doors
Item Category
Side-hung door Sliding door Lifting sliding door Double tilting sliding door Tilting and turning sash, opening inward Right revolving door Folding door
Operating force √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Performance of soft heavy body impact resistance √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Performance of vertical load resistance √ - - - √ √ √
Performance of static torsion resistance √ - - - √ √ √
Performance of twisting deformation resistance - √ √ √ - - -
Performance of diagonal deformation resistance - √ √ √ - - -
Performance of vigorous shutdown resistance √ - - - √ - -
Note: The test on performance of vigorous shutdown resistance is destructive test.
Table 2 Test items for the mechanics performance of windows
Item Category
Side-hung window Sliding projecting, side-hung Sliding window Vertical sliding window Lifting sliding window Sliding folding window Top-hung casement, opening outwards Bottom-hung casement, opening inwards Sliding projecting, top-hung casement Vertical pivot casement Horizontal pivot casement Double tilting sliding Tilting and turning sash, opening inward
Operating force √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Performance of vertical load resistance √ √ - - - √ - - - √ - - √
Performance of static torsion resistance √ √ - - - √ √ √ √ √ √ - √
Performance of twisting deformation resistance - - √ √ √ √ - - - - - √ -
Performance of diagonal deformation resistance - - √ √ √ √ - - - - - √ -
Performance of vigorous shutdown resistance √ - - - - - √ √ √ - - - √
Opening limit √ √ - - - - √ √ √ - - - √
Stay arm test √ - - - - - √ √ √ - - - √
Note: The test on performance of vigorous shutdown resistance is destructive test.
5 Requirements for test pieces
5.1 According to the requirements for design and performance test, three sets of representative doors and windows shall be used as the test pieces.
5.2 Before the test, the test pieces shall be placed for not less than 24 h under the environmental conditions with a temperature of 15℃~30℃ and a relative humidity of 25%~75%. The single item tests shall be conducted under the same conditions if the environmental requirements are not available. For aluminum alloy doors and windows, plastic doors and windows and other test pieces with a better performance of humidity resistance, the relative humidity may not be considered.
5.3 The test pieces shall be installed in a manner similar to their installation in actual usage. They shall be free from any distortion or deformation that may affect the test results after being installed, and shall not be equipped with any other accessories.
6 Test methods
6.1 Operating force
6.1.1 Principle
Measure the operating force or torque for engaging or disengaging the locking devices of the door or window, and the maximum operating force required to slowly open and close the operable leaf of the door or window.
6.1.2 Gradation
The operating force of operable leaf and the operating force and torque of the locking device are used as the indicator for gradation, and the gradation shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
Table 3 Gradation of operating force
Grade 1 2 3 4 5 6
Operating force of operable leaf, FH
N 150≥Fh>100 100≥Fh>75 75≥Fh>50 50≥Fh>25 25≥Fh>10 Fh≤10
Operating force of locking device Operated by hand Maximum force, Fs1
N 150≥Fs1>100 100≥Fs1>75 75≥Fs1>50 50≥Fs1>25 25≥Fs1>10 Fs1≤10
Maximum moment, Ms1
Nm 15≥Ms1>10 10≥Ms1>7.5 7.5≥Ms1>5 5≥Ms1>2.5 2.5≥Ms1>1 Ms1≤1
Operating force of locking device Operated by finger Maximum force, Fs2
N 30≥Fs2>20 20≥Fs2>15 15≥Fs2>10 10≥Fs2>6 6≥Fs2>4 Fs2≤4
Maximum moment, Ms2
Nm 7.5≥Ms2>5 5≥Ms2>4 4≥Ms2>2.5 2.5≥Ms2>1.5 1.5≥Ms2>1 Ms2≤1
Notes:
1 After the operating force of the operable leaf and the operating force (torque) of the locking device by hand (finger) are graded separately, the lowest grade shall be identified as the grade of the operating force.
2 The index values of doors and windows of special specifications and forms may be agreed upon by the supplier and the demander.
6.1.3 Test method
The operating force for doors and windows shall be tested in accordance with the method specified in GB/T 29555 and GB/T 29048, respectively.
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test items
5 Requirements for test pieces
6 Test methods
7 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Test record and report of mechanics performance for windows and doors
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard replaces GB/T 9158-1988 Mechanical test methods for windows and the following main changes have been made with respect to GB/T 9158-1988:
——The performance of bearing mechanical force is changed to mechanics performance;
——The test methods of mechanics performance for doors in building are added (see clause 4);
——The requirements for test pieces are added (see clause 5);
——The mechanics performance gradation of windows and doors in building is added (see 6.1.2, 6.2.2, 6.3.2 and 6.4.2);
——The performance of lifting of suspension end is changed to performance of vertical load resistance (see 6.3; 6.2.2 of Edition 1988);
——The test methods for resistance of static torsion and vigorous shutdown are added (see 6.4 and 6.7.1);
——The test method for warping is deleted (see 6.2.1 of Edition 1988);
——The formats for test record and test report are added (see Annex A).
This standard was proposed by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of SAC/TC 448 National Technical Committee on Curtain Walls and Windows of Standardization Administration of China.
The previous edition of this standard is as follows:
——GB/T 9158-1988.
Test methods of mechanics performance for windows and doors in building
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions, test items, test piece requirements, test method and test report of test methods of mechanics performance for windows and doors in building.
This standard is applicable to all kinds of doors and windows in building which are operated manually.
This standard is not applicable to special doors and windows such as fireproof doors and windows, escape doors and windows, vent windows and radiation-proof screen doors.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 5823 Terminology for building windows and doors
GB/T 14155 Doorsets - Soft heavy body impact test
GB/T 29048 Operating forces - Test method - Windows
GB/T 29049 Doorsets - Vertical load test
GB/T 29530 Hinged or pivoted doors - Determination of the resistance to static torsion
GB/T 29555 Test method of operating forces for doors
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 5823 and the following apply.
3.1
mechanics performance for windows and doors
ability of an operable leaf of a door or window to maintain normal use function under the action of mechanical force
3.2
operating force
maximum values of locking force and releasing force of locking device of a door or window as well as of opening force and closing force of an operable leaf
3.3
performance of soft heavy body impact resistance
ability of a door leaf (french window, show window) to withstand the impact of a soft heavy body perpendicular to the plane without damage
3.4
performance of vertical load resistance
ability of an operable leaf of a door or window to bear vertical loads when they are open
3.5
performance of static torsion resistance
ability of a door leaf to maintain a flat state under the action of static torsion force
3.6
performance of twisting deformation resistance
ability of the handle part of the sliding door or window to resist deformation when the door or window is opened or closed, during which, the operable leaf is subjected to resistance but the handle is still pushed and pulled forcibly
3.7
performance of diagonal deformation resistance
ability of an operable leaf of a door or window to resist the diagonal deformation generated when the operable leaf of a sliding door or window is subjected to resistance during operation but still be pushed and pulled forcibly
3.8
performance of vigorous shutdown resistance
ability of an operable leaf of an open door or window to withstand a violent collision between it and frame when the spreader is not locked or fails to function
4 Test items
The test items for the mechanics performance of windows and doors in buildings shall meet the requirements of Table 1 or 2, as the case may be.
Table 1 Test items for the mechanics performance of doors
Item Category
Side-hung door Sliding door Lifting sliding door Double tilting sliding door Tilting and turning sash, opening inward Right revolving door Folding door
Operating force √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Performance of soft heavy body impact resistance √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Performance of vertical load resistance √ - - - √ √ √
Performance of static torsion resistance √ - - - √ √ √
Performance of twisting deformation resistance - √ √ √ - - -
Performance of diagonal deformation resistance - √ √ √ - - -
Performance of vigorous shutdown resistance √ - - - √ - -
Note: The test on performance of vigorous shutdown resistance is destructive test.
Table 2 Test items for the mechanics performance of windows
Item Category
Side-hung window Sliding projecting, side-hung Sliding window Vertical sliding window Lifting sliding window Sliding folding window Top-hung casement, opening outwards Bottom-hung casement, opening inwards Sliding projecting, top-hung casement Vertical pivot casement Horizontal pivot casement Double tilting sliding Tilting and turning sash, opening inward
Operating force √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Performance of vertical load resistance √ √ - - - √ - - - √ - - √
Performance of static torsion resistance √ √ - - - √ √ √ √ √ √ - √
Performance of twisting deformation resistance - - √ √ √ √ - - - - - √ -
Performance of diagonal deformation resistance - - √ √ √ √ - - - - - √ -
Performance of vigorous shutdown resistance √ - - - - - √ √ √ - - - √
Opening limit √ √ - - - - √ √ √ - - - √
Stay arm test √ - - - - - √ √ √ - - - √
Note: The test on performance of vigorous shutdown resistance is destructive test.
5 Requirements for test pieces
5.1 According to the requirements for design and performance test, three sets of representative doors and windows shall be used as the test pieces.
5.2 Before the test, the test pieces shall be placed for not less than 24 h under the environmental conditions with a temperature of 15℃~30℃ and a relative humidity of 25%~75%. The single item tests shall be conducted under the same conditions if the environmental requirements are not available. For aluminum alloy doors and windows, plastic doors and windows and other test pieces with a better performance of humidity resistance, the relative humidity may not be considered.
5.3 The test pieces shall be installed in a manner similar to their installation in actual usage. They shall be free from any distortion or deformation that may affect the test results after being installed, and shall not be equipped with any other accessories.
6 Test methods
6.1 Operating force
6.1.1 Principle
Measure the operating force or torque for engaging or disengaging the locking devices of the door or window, and the maximum operating force required to slowly open and close the operable leaf of the door or window.
6.1.2 Gradation
The operating force of operable leaf and the operating force and torque of the locking device are used as the indicator for gradation, and the gradation shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
Table 3 Gradation of operating force
Grade 1 2 3 4 5 6
Operating force of operable leaf, FH
N 150≥Fh>100 100≥Fh>75 75≥Fh>50 50≥Fh>25 25≥Fh>10 Fh≤10
Operating force of locking device Operated by hand Maximum force, Fs1
N 150≥Fs1>100 100≥Fs1>75 75≥Fs1>50 50≥Fs1>25 25≥Fs1>10 Fs1≤10
Maximum moment, Ms1
Nm 15≥Ms1>10 10≥Ms1>7.5 7.5≥Ms1>5 5≥Ms1>2.5 2.5≥Ms1>1 Ms1≤1
Operating force of locking device Operated by finger Maximum force, Fs2
N 30≥Fs2>20 20≥Fs2>15 15≥Fs2>10 10≥Fs2>6 6≥Fs2>4 Fs2≤4
Maximum moment, Ms2
Nm 7.5≥Ms2>5 5≥Ms2>4 4≥Ms2>2.5 2.5≥Ms2>1.5 1.5≥Ms2>1 Ms2≤1
Notes:
1 After the operating force of the operable leaf and the operating force (torque) of the locking device by hand (finger) are graded separately, the lowest grade shall be identified as the grade of the operating force.
2 The index values of doors and windows of special specifications and forms may be agreed upon by the supplier and the demander.
6.1.3 Test method
The operating force for doors and windows shall be tested in accordance with the method specified in GB/T 29555 and GB/T 29048, respectively.
Contents of GB/T 9158-2015
Foreword i
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Test items
5 Requirements for test pieces
6 Test methods
7 Test report
Annex A (Informative) Test record and report of mechanics performance for windows and doors
