Code for seismic design of buildings
1 General
1.0.1 This code is prepared with a view to implementing the national laws and regulations on earthquake prevention, disaster mitigation and architectural engineering, executing the prevention first policy and reducing the earthquake damage, casualty and economic loss after taking seismic protection measures.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the seismic design, isolation and energy-dissipation design of general buildings on Categories III and IV sites in Shanghai. Performance-based seismic design of buildings may be carried out according to the basic methods specified in this code. The seismic design for special buildings and buildings with special industry requirements shall comply with relevant standards and specifications.
1.0.3 The buildings designed according to this code shall meet such seismic protection objectives that the major structures may be used continuously without damage or repair when affected by frequent earthquakes with the seismic protection intensity lower than that in this area; they may be damaged while can still be used after general repair when affected by an earthquake with the seismic protection intensity equivalent to that in this area; and they shall not encounter collapse or serious damage endangering life when affected by a rare earthquake with the seismic protection intensity higher than that in this area. For buildings with special functional or other requirements, the protection objectives higher than the basic ones can be adopted in the performance-based seismic design (if adopted).
1.0.4 The seismic design of buildings complying with this code shall also meet the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation and Shanghai in addition to those of this code.
1.0.5 The seismic design of buildings shall follow the principle of equal importance on conceptual design and calculation as well as the design idea of unified aesthetic appearance and seismic safety of structures.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1
seismic protection intensity
seismic intensity which is approved as the criterion of seismic precaution of an area according to the authority specified by the nation
Note: "Intensities 6, 7 and 8" in this code is short for "seismic protection intensities 6, 7 and 8".
2.1.2
seismic protection criterion
scale for measuring the seismic protection requirements, which is determined by seismic protection intensity or design parameters of earthquake ground motions and seismic protection categories of buildings
2.1.3
seismic ground motion parameter zonation map
map in which the whole country is divided into areas with different seismic protection requirements, based on the seismic ground motion parameters (the intensity of earthquake action is expressed by acceleration)
2.1.4
earthquake action
dynamic action of structure caused by ground motion, including horizontal earthquake action and vertical earthquake action
2.1.5
design parameters of earthquake ground motions
seismic acceleration (speed and displacement) time history curve, acceleration response spectrum and peak acceleration for seismic design
2.1.6
design basic acceleration of ground motions
design value of acceleration of earthquake with exceeding probability of 10 % during the 50-year design reference period
2.1.7
design characteristic period of ground motions
periodic value corresponding to the start point of descending segment reflecting such factors as earthquake magnitude, epicentral distance and site category in the seismic influence coefficient curve used for seismic design
2.1.8
site
location of the engineering groups, with similar response spectrum characteristics, within the scope equivalent to the plant area, residential quarter and natural village or the plane area not less than 1.0 km2
2.1.9
seismic concept design of buildings
process of making the general arrangement for the buildings and structures and of determining details, based on the fundamental design principles and design concept obtained from the experiences in the earthquake disasters and projects
2.1.10
details of seismic design
various detail requirements which must be taken for structural and nonstructural parts generally without calculation according to seismic concept design principle
2.1.11
seismic measures
seismic design content excluding earthquake action calculation and resistance calculation; it includes details of seismic design
2.1.12
seismic performance levels
damage status of buildings after earthquakes and affection degree of their functions to continued use
2.1.13
seismic performance objectives
desired seismic performance levels of buildings based on the ground motion level
2.1.14
performance-based seismic design
design with reasonable seismic performance objectives and based on the seismic performance analysis of buildings, so that the designed buildings have the expected seismic performance when subjected to possible earthquakes in future
2.1.15
precast RC structure
reinforced concrete structure produced by precasting and assembly technology
2.1.16
precast composite RC wall
seismic composite reinforced concrete wall with precast concrete (PCF board) on one side and cast-in-place concrete on the other side
2.1.17
shear wall structure with precast composite RC wall
shear wall structure with precast composite RC wall as the exterior wall, and ordinary seismic reinforced concrete wall as the interior wall
2.1.18
reinforced small block masonry wall
wall reinforced with vertical and horizontal steel bars in the holes and grooves of small hollow concrete blocks that are filled with grout concrete so as to bear vertical and horizontal earthquake action
2.2 Symbols
2.2.1 Actions and effects
FEk, FEvk——the standard value for total structural horizontal and vertical earthquake action;
GE, Geq——the representative value of structure (member) gravity load and total equivalent gravity load in earthquake;
wk——the standard value of wind load;
SE——the earthquake action effect (bending moment, torque, axial force, shear force, stress and deformation);
S——the fundamental combination of earthquake action effect and other load effects;
Sk——the effect of action and standard value of load;
M——the bending moment;
N——the axial pressure;
V——the shear force;
p——the pressure on bottom of foundation;
u——the lateral displacement;
θ——the displacement angle of story.
2.2.2 Material properties and resistance
K——the stiffness of structure or member;
R——the bearing capacity of structural member;
f, fk, fE——the design value, standard value and seismic design value of various material strength (including the bearing capacity of subgrade) respectively;
[θ]——the limit for displacement angle of story.
2.2.3 Geometric parameters
A——the sectional area of member;
As——the sectional area of steel bar;
B——the total width of structure;
H——the total height of structure and column height;
L——the total length of structure (unit);
α——the distance;
as, ——the minimal distance from the force concurrence point of all longitudinal tensile and compressive steel bars to the margin of section;
b——the section width of member;
d——the depth or thickness of soil layer, or diameter of steel bar;
h——the height of calculated story or sectional height of member;
l——the length or span of member;
t——the thickness of shear wall or thickness of floor slab.
2.2.4 Calculation coefficients
α——the horizontal seismic influence coefficient;
αmax——the maximum value of horizontal seismic influence coefficient;
αvmax——the maximum value of vertical seismic influence coefficient;
γG, γE, γw——the partial coefficient of action;
γRE——the seismic adjustment factor of bearing capacity;
ζ——the calculation coefficient;
η——the enhancement or adjustment factor of earthquake action effect (internal force and deformation);
λ——the slenderness ratio or scale coefficient of member;
λv——the characteristic value of minimum stirrups;
ξy——the yield strength coefficient of structure (member);
ρ——the reinforcement ratio or ratio;
φ ——the stability coefficient of compressive member;
Ψ——the combination value coefficient or influence coefficient.
2.2.5 Others
T——the natural vibration period of structure;
N——the standard penetration blow count;
Ile——the liquefaction index of subgrade in earthquake;
Xji——the vibration mode coordinate of displacement (relative displacement of the ith mass point of the jth vibration mode in Direction x);
Yji——the vibration mode coordinate of displacement (relative displacement of the ith mass point of the jth vibration mode in Direction y);
Фji——the vibration mode coordinate of rotation (relative rotation of the ith mass point of the jth vibration mode in rotating direction);
n——the total number, such as number of stories, mass points, steel bars and spans, etc.;
vse——the equivalent shear wave velocity of soil layer.
3 Basic requirements of seismic design
3.1 Category and criterion for seismic protection of buildings
3.1.1 For all buildings under seismic protection, seismic protection category and seismic protection criterion shall be determined according to the requirements of
Foreword i
1 General
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Basic requirements of seismic design
3.1 Category and criterion for seismic protection of buildings
3.2 Seismic influences
3.3 Site and subgrade
3.4 Regularity of building configuration and structural assembly
3.5 Structural system
3.6 Structural analysis
3.7 Nonstructural members
3.8 Isolation and energy-dissipation design
3.9 Structural materials and construction
3.10 Performance-based seismic design of buildings
3.11 Strong seismic response observation system of buildings
4 Site, subgrade and foundation
4.1 Site
4.2 Judgment and treatment for subgrade liquefaction
4.3 Seismic strength check for subgrade and foundation
4.4 Seismic measures
5 Earthquake action and seismic checking for structures
5.1 General
5.2 Calculation of horizontal earthquake action
5.3 Calculation of vertical earthquake action
5.4 Seismic checking of section
5.5 Seismic checking for deformation
6 Multi-story and tall reinforced concrete buildings
6.1 General
6.2 Essentials in calculation
6.3 Basic details of seismic design for frame structures
6.4 Basic details of seismic design for shear wall structures
6.5 Basic details of seismic design for frame-shear wall structures
6.6 Seismic design requirements for slab-column-shear wall structures
6.7 Seismic design requirements for tube structures
7 Precast RC structures
7.1 General
7.2 Seismic design requirements for precast RC frame
7.3 Seismic design requirements for precast composite RC wall
8 Masonry buildings and masonry buildings with RC frames on ground stories
8.1 General
8.2 Essentials in calculation
8.3 Details of seismic design for multi-story brick masonry buildings
8.4 Details for multi-story small block buildings
8.5 Details of seismic design for masonry buildings with frame-shear wall on ground story
8.6 Seismic design for buildings with reinforced small block masonry walls
8.7 Seismic design for multi-story split-level brick masonry buildings
9 Steel buildings
9.1 Multi-story steel buildings
9.2 Single-story steel factory building
10 Single-story factory buildings with RC columns
10.1 General
10.2 Essentials in calculation
10.3 Details of seismic design
11 Large-span buildings
11.1 Single-story spacious buildings
11.2 Long-span roof buildings
12 Seismically isolated and energy dissipation buildings
12.1 General
12.2 Essentials in design of seismically isolated buildings
12.3 Essentials in design of energy-dissipation buildings
13 Nonstructural members
13.1 General
13.2 Essentials in calculation
13.3 Essential seismic measures for architectural nonstructural members
13.4 Essential seismic measures for supports of mechanical and electrical components
14 Subterranean buildings
14.1 General
14.2 Essentials in calculation
14.3 Details of seismic design and anti-liquefaction measures
Annex A Time history curves of earthquake ground motion acceleration
Annex B Requirements for seismic design of high strength concrete structures
Annex C Seismic design requirements of prestressed concrete structures
Annex D Seismic checking of section for the core area of beam-column joint of frame structure
Annex E Seismic design requirements for transition story structures
Annex F Seismic design for composite steel bracing – concrete frame structures and composite steel frame - concrete core tube structures
Annex G Seismic design for multi-story industrial factory buildings
Annex H Adjustment of transverse earthquake action effect of plane bent frame of single-story factory buildings
Annex J Seismic checking for single-story reinforced concrete column factory building in longitudinal direction
Annex K Simplified calculation of seismic isolation design and seismic isolation measures for masonry structures
Annex L Reference methods for performance-based seismic design
Explanation of wording in this code
List of quoted standards
Code for seismic design of buildings
1 General
1.0.1 This code is prepared with a view to implementing the national laws and regulations on earthquake prevention, disaster mitigation and architectural engineering, executing the prevention first policy and reducing the earthquake damage, casualty and economic loss after taking seismic protection measures.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the seismic design, isolation and energy-dissipation design of general buildings on Categories III and IV sites in Shanghai. Performance-based seismic design of buildings may be carried out according to the basic methods specified in this code. The seismic design for special buildings and buildings with special industry requirements shall comply with relevant standards and specifications.
1.0.3 The buildings designed according to this code shall meet such seismic protection objectives that the major structures may be used continuously without damage or repair when affected by frequent earthquakes with the seismic protection intensity lower than that in this area; they may be damaged while can still be used after general repair when affected by an earthquake with the seismic protection intensity equivalent to that in this area; and they shall not encounter collapse or serious damage endangering life when affected by a rare earthquake with the seismic protection intensity higher than that in this area. For buildings with special functional or other requirements, the protection objectives higher than the basic ones can be adopted in the performance-based seismic design (if adopted).
1.0.4 The seismic design of buildings complying with this code shall also meet the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation and Shanghai in addition to those of this code.
1.0.5 The seismic design of buildings shall follow the principle of equal importance on conceptual design and calculation as well as the design idea of unified aesthetic appearance and seismic safety of structures.
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.1.1
seismic protection intensity
seismic intensity which is approved as the criterion of seismic precaution of an area according to the authority specified by the nation
Note: "Intensities 6, 7 and 8" in this code is short for "seismic protection intensities 6, 7 and 8".
2.1.2
seismic protection criterion
scale for measuring the seismic protection requirements, which is determined by seismic protection intensity or design parameters of earthquake ground motions and seismic protection categories of buildings
2.1.3
seismic ground motion parameter zonation map
map in which the whole country is divided into areas with different seismic protection requirements, based on the seismic ground motion parameters (the intensity of earthquake action is expressed by acceleration)
2.1.4
earthquake action
dynamic action of structure caused by ground motion, including horizontal earthquake action and vertical earthquake action
2.1.5
design parameters of earthquake ground motions
seismic acceleration (speed and displacement) time history curve, acceleration response spectrum and peak acceleration for seismic design
2.1.6
design basic acceleration of ground motions
design value of acceleration of earthquake with exceeding probability of 10 % during the 50-year design reference period
2.1.7
design characteristic period of ground motions
periodic value corresponding to the start point of descending segment reflecting such factors as earthquake magnitude, epicentral distance and site category in the seismic influence coefficient curve used for seismic design
2.1.8
site
location of the engineering groups, with similar response spectrum characteristics, within the scope equivalent to the plant area, residential quarter and natural village or the plane area not less than 1.0 km2
2.1.9
seismic concept design of buildings
process of making the general arrangement for the buildings and structures and of determining details, based on the fundamental design principles and design concept obtained from the experiences in the earthquake disasters and projects
2.1.10
details of seismic design
various detail requirements which must be taken for structural and nonstructural parts generally without calculation according to seismic concept design principle
2.1.11
seismic measures
seismic design content excluding earthquake action calculation and resistance calculation; it includes details of seismic design
2.1.12
seismic performance levels
damage status of buildings after earthquakes and affection degree of their functions to continued use
2.1.13
seismic performance objectives
desired seismic performance levels of buildings based on the ground motion level
2.1.14
performance-based seismic design
design with reasonable seismic performance objectives and based on the seismic performance analysis of buildings, so that the designed buildings have the expected seismic performance when subjected to possible earthquakes in future
2.1.15
precast RC structure
reinforced concrete structure produced by precasting and assembly technology
2.1.16
precast composite RC wall
seismic composite reinforced concrete wall with precast concrete (PCF board) on one side and cast-in-place concrete on the other side
2.1.17
shear wall structure with precast composite RC wall
shear wall structure with precast composite RC wall as the exterior wall, and ordinary seismic reinforced concrete wall as the interior wall
2.1.18
reinforced small block masonry wall
wall reinforced with vertical and horizontal steel bars in the holes and grooves of small hollow concrete blocks that are filled with grout concrete so as to bear vertical and horizontal earthquake action
2.2 Symbols
2.2.1 Actions and effects
FEk, FEvk——the standard value for total structural horizontal and vertical earthquake action;
GE, Geq——the representative value of structure (member) gravity load and total equivalent gravity load in earthquake;
wk——the standard value of wind load;
SE——the earthquake action effect (bending moment, torque, axial force, shear force, stress and deformation);
S——the fundamental combination of earthquake action effect and other load effects;
Sk——the effect of action and standard value of load;
M——the bending moment;
N——the axial pressure;
V——the shear force;
p——the pressure on bottom of foundation;
u——the lateral displacement;
θ——the displacement angle of story.
2.2.2 Material properties and resistance
K——the stiffness of structure or member;
R——the bearing capacity of structural member;
f, fk, fE——the design value, standard value and seismic design value of various material strength (including the bearing capacity of subgrade) respectively;
[θ]——the limit for displacement angle of story.
2.2.3 Geometric parameters
A——the sectional area of member;
As——the sectional area of steel bar;
B——the total width of structure;
H——the total height of structure and column height;
L——the total length of structure (unit);
α——the distance;
as, ——the minimal distance from the force concurrence point of all longitudinal tensile and compressive steel bars to the margin of section;
b——the section width of member;
d——the depth or thickness of soil layer, or diameter of steel bar;
h——the height of calculated story or sectional height of member;
l——the length or span of member;
t——the thickness of shear wall or thickness of floor slab.
2.2.4 Calculation coefficients
α——the horizontal seismic influence coefficient;
αmax——the maximum value of horizontal seismic influence coefficient;
αvmax——the maximum value of vertical seismic influence coefficient;
γG, γE, γw——the partial coefficient of action;
γRE——the seismic adjustment factor of bearing capacity;
ζ——the calculation coefficient;
η——the enhancement or adjustment factor of earthquake action effect (internal force and deformation);
λ——the slenderness ratio or scale coefficient of member;
λv——the characteristic value of minimum stirrups;
ξy——the yield strength coefficient of structure (member);
ρ——the reinforcement ratio or ratio;
φ ——the stability coefficient of compressive member;
Ψ——the combination value coefficient or influence coefficient.
2.2.5 Others
T——the natural vibration period of structure;
N——the standard penetration blow count;
Ile——the liquefaction index of subgrade in earthquake;
Xji——the vibration mode coordinate of displacement (relative displacement of the ith mass point of the jth vibration mode in Direction x);
Yji——the vibration mode coordinate of displacement (relative displacement of the ith mass point of the jth vibration mode in Direction y);
Фji——the vibration mode coordinate of rotation (relative rotation of the ith mass point of the jth vibration mode in rotating direction);
n——the total number, such as number of stories, mass points, steel bars and spans, etc.;
vse——the equivalent shear wave velocity of soil layer.
3 Basic requirements of seismic design
3.1 Category and criterion for seismic protection of buildings
3.1.1 For all buildings under seismic protection, seismic protection category and seismic protection criterion shall be determined according to the requirements of
Contents of DGJ 08-9-2013
Foreword i
1 General
2 Terms and symbols
2.1 Terms
2.2 Symbols
3 Basic requirements of seismic design
3.1 Category and criterion for seismic protection of buildings
3.2 Seismic influences
3.3 Site and subgrade
3.4 Regularity of building configuration and structural assembly
3.5 Structural system
3.6 Structural analysis
3.7 Nonstructural members
3.8 Isolation and energy-dissipation design
3.9 Structural materials and construction
3.10 Performance-based seismic design of buildings
3.11 Strong seismic response observation system of buildings
4 Site, subgrade and foundation
4.1 Site
4.2 Judgment and treatment for subgrade liquefaction
4.3 Seismic strength check for subgrade and foundation
4.4 Seismic measures
5 Earthquake action and seismic checking for structures
5.1 General
5.2 Calculation of horizontal earthquake action
5.3 Calculation of vertical earthquake action
5.4 Seismic checking of section
5.5 Seismic checking for deformation
6 Multi-story and tall reinforced concrete buildings
6.1 General
6.2 Essentials in calculation
6.3 Basic details of seismic design for frame structures
6.4 Basic details of seismic design for shear wall structures
6.5 Basic details of seismic design for frame-shear wall structures
6.6 Seismic design requirements for slab-column-shear wall structures
6.7 Seismic design requirements for tube structures
7 Precast RC structures
7.1 General
7.2 Seismic design requirements for precast RC frame
7.3 Seismic design requirements for precast composite RC wall
8 Masonry buildings and masonry buildings with RC frames on ground stories
8.1 General
8.2 Essentials in calculation
8.3 Details of seismic design for multi-story brick masonry buildings
8.4 Details for multi-story small block buildings
8.5 Details of seismic design for masonry buildings with frame-shear wall on ground story
8.6 Seismic design for buildings with reinforced small block masonry walls
8.7 Seismic design for multi-story split-level brick masonry buildings
9 Steel buildings
9.1 Multi-story steel buildings
9.2 Single-story steel factory building
10 Single-story factory buildings with RC columns
10.1 General
10.2 Essentials in calculation
10.3 Details of seismic design
11 Large-span buildings
11.1 Single-story spacious buildings
11.2 Long-span roof buildings
12 Seismically isolated and energy dissipation buildings
12.1 General
12.2 Essentials in design of seismically isolated buildings
12.3 Essentials in design of energy-dissipation buildings
13 Nonstructural members
13.1 General
13.2 Essentials in calculation
13.3 Essential seismic measures for architectural nonstructural members
13.4 Essential seismic measures for supports of mechanical and electrical components
14 Subterranean buildings
14.1 General
14.2 Essentials in calculation
14.3 Details of seismic design and anti-liquefaction measures
Annex A Time history curves of earthquake ground motion acceleration
Annex B Requirements for seismic design of high strength concrete structures
Annex C Seismic design requirements of prestressed concrete structures
Annex D Seismic checking of section for the core area of beam-column joint of frame structure
Annex E Seismic design requirements for transition story structures
Annex F Seismic design for composite steel bracing – concrete frame structures and composite steel frame - concrete core tube structures
Annex G Seismic design for multi-story industrial factory buildings
Annex H Adjustment of transverse earthquake action effect of plane bent frame of single-story factory buildings
Annex J Seismic checking for single-story reinforced concrete column factory building in longitudinal direction
Annex K Simplified calculation of seismic isolation design and seismic isolation measures for masonry structures
Annex L Reference methods for performance-based seismic design
Explanation of wording in this code
List of quoted standards