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JB/T 6440-2008   Methods of radiographic examination for steel castings valves (English Version)
Standard No.: JB/T 6440-2008 Status:valid remind me the status change

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Language:English File Format:PDF
Word Count: 12000 words Price(USD):360.0 remind me the price change

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Implemented on:2008-7-1 Delivery: via email in 1 business day
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Standard No.: JB/T 6440-2008
English Name: Methods of radiographic examination for steel castings valves
Chinese Name: 阀门受压铸钢件射线照相检验
Chinese Classification: J16    Valve
Professional Classification: JB    Professional Standard - Machinery
ICS Classification: 23.060.01 23.060.01    Valves in general 23.060.01
Issued by: NDRC
Issued on: 2008-2-1
Implemented on: 2008-7-1
Status: valid
Superseding:JB/T 6440-1992
Language: English
File Format: PDF
Word Count: 12000 words
Price(USD): 360.0
Delivery: via email in 1 business day
Methods of radiographic examination for steel castings valves 1 Scope This standard specifies the general requirements and specific requirements for X-ray and γ-ray radiographic examination for carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel and castings valves, as well as the classification and evaluation methods of radiograph defects, the acceptance requirements, the radiographic examination records, the characteristic indexes of film systems, the key examination parts of radiogram, the method for determining the minimum distance (f) between the radiographic source and the steel casting, the periodic calibration method of nigrometer, the calculation method of focus size, the type and specification of special image quality indicator, and the position of overlapping mark. This standard is applicable to the radiographic examination for steel castings valves (hereinafter referred to as castings). The radiographic examination of supporting pipe fittings, flanges and other compressed steel castings may also refer to this standard. 2 Normative references The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections), or revisions, of any of these publications do not apply to this standard. However parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition applies. GB 11533-1989 Standard for logarithmic visual acuity charts GB 16357-1996 Radiological protection standards for industrial X-ray detection GB 18465-2001 Radiological protection requirements for industrial gamma defect detecting GB 18871-2002 Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources JB/T 7902-2006 Non-destructive testing - Image quality indicators (wire type) for radiographic testing JB/T 7903-1999 Industrial radiographic illuminators 3 General requirements 3.1 Radiographic examination personnel 3.1.1 The radiographic examination personnel shall be trained in radiation safety knowledge before taking up their posts, and obtain the radiation worker certificate. 3.1.2 The uncorrected and corrected near vision and distant vision of the radiographic examination personnel shall not be less than 5.0 (decimal record value is 1.0) and the testing method shall meet the requirements of GB 11533. The eyesight of the film evaluator shall be checked once every year. 3.2 Radiographic film 3.2.1 Film systems are classified into four categories, i.e. T1, T2, T3 and T4. Category T1 is the highest and Category T4 is the lowest. See Annex A for the characteristic indexes of film systems. The film manufacturer shall conduct system performance test on the produced films and provide their categories and parameters. The film processing method, equipment and chemical agent used may be, according to the relevant requirements, tested and controlled with the test film which has been exposed beforehand and is provided by the manufacturer. 3.2.2 The film type shall be selected according to the casting thickness, ray sensitivity and intensifying method. Film of Category T3 or higher shall be adopted for Grade A and Grade AB radiographic examination techniques, and film of Category T2 or higher shall be adopted for Grade B radiographic examination technique. The fog density of the film background shall not be greater than 0.3. 3.2.3 When γ rays are used to examine materials with high crack sensitivity, film of Category T2 or higher shall be used. 3.3 Film viewing illuminator 3.3.1 The main properties of film viewing illuminators shall meet the relevant requirements of JB/T 7903. 3.3.2 The maximum brightness of film viewing illuminators shall meet the requirements of film evaluation. 3.4 Nigrometer (optical densitometer)
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 General requirements 3.1 Radiographic examination personnel 3.2 Radiographic film 3.3 Film viewing illuminator 3.4 Nigrometer (optical densitometer) 3.5 Intensifying screen 3.6 Image quality indicator 3.7 Surface requirements and radiographic examination timing 3.8 Selection of radiographic examination technique grade 3.9 Radiation protection 4 Specific requirements 4.1 Ray energy 4.2 Minimum distance from radiographic source to object surface 4.3 Exposure 4.4 Exposure curve 4.5 Penetration arrangement 4.6 Application of image quality indicator 4.7 Shield of useless rays and scattered rays 4.8 Mark 4.9 Film processing 4.10 Film evaluation requirements 4.11 Quality of film 5 Classification and evaluation methods of defects on the radiograph 5.1 Classification and size measurement of defects 5.2 Defect levels of pores, sand inclusions and slag inclusions 5.3 Levels of shrinkage cavity defects 5.4 Comprehensive rating of defects 6 Acceptance requirements 7 Records of radiographic examination Annex A (Informative) Characteristic indexes of industrial radiographic film system Annex B (Normative) Key parts of radiographic examination for steel castings valves B.1 Overview B.2 Welded valves B.3 Flanged valves B.4 Others B.5 Typical sections of castings subject to radiographic detection Annex C (Normative) Method for determining the minimum distance from radiographic source to cast steel body (f) Annex D (Informative) Periodic calibration method of nigrometer (optical densitometer) D.1 General requirements for calibration of nigrometer D.2 Procedures for calibration method of nigrometer Annex E (Normative) Calculation method for focus size E.1 Calculation of focus size Annex F (Normative) Type and specification of special image quality indicator F.1 Pattern of special image quality indicator F.2 Type, specification and material of special image quality indicator Annex G (Normative) Position of overlapping mark Figure 1 Maximum allowable penetration tube voltage for different penetrated thickness Figure 2 Eccentric inner radiography diagram Figure 3 Concentric internal radiography diagram Figure 4 Outer radiography diagram Figure 5 Double-wall radiography diagram Figure B.1 Gate valve body (Pressure seal bonnet) Figure B.2 Y-shaped globe valve body (Pressure seal bonnet) Figure B.3 Same type of bonnet for angle body (Pressure seal bonnet) and Y-shaped globe valve Figure B.4 Lower elbow (Pressure seal bonnet) Figure B.5 Gate valve body (Flanged bonnet) Figure B.6 Globe valve body (Flanged bonnet) Figure B.7 Disc valve body Figure B.8 Plug valve body Figure B.9 Disc cover slab Figure B.10 Flat cover slab Figure C.1 Nomogram for determining the distance from the focus to the object surface by Grade A and Grade B radiographic examination techniques Figure C.2 Nomogram for determining the distance from the focus to the object surface by Grade AB radiographic examination technique Figure E.1 Classification of focus shapes Figure F.1 Basic pattern of special image quality indicator Figure G.1 Plane castings Figure G.2 Radiographic source-to-film distance f smaller than curvature radius of curved-surface object Figure G.3 Curved-surface component with convex towards radiographic source Figure G.4 Radiographic source-to-film distance f greater than curvature radius of curved-surface object Figure G.5 Radiographic source at the curvature center of curved-surface object Table 1 Material and thickness of intensifying screen Table 2 Penetrated thickness range of γ-ray equipment or ray equipment with energy of 1MeV or above Table 3 Brightness of film viewing illuminator Table 4 Useful range of film density Table 5 Grades of radiographic sensitivity Table 6 Size of the evaluation zone and the maximum allowable number of pores Table 7 Size of the evaluation zone as well as the maximum allowable number of sand inclusions and slag inclusions Table 8 Number of single defects Table 9 Maximum allowable size of defects without counting numbers Table 10 Maximum allowable size of pores of Level I defects Table 11 Maximum allowable size of sand inclusions and slag inclusions of Level I defects Table 12 Maximum allowable length of stripy shrinkage cavity defects Table 13 Maximum allowable area of dendritic shrinkage cavity defects Table 14 Maximum size of shrinkage cavity defects exempt from evaluation Table 15 Acceptable acceptance level of radiographic examination for steel castings Table A.1 Main characteristic indexes of film system
Referred in JB/T 6440-2008:
*GB 11533-1989 STANDARD logarithmic visual acuity charts
*GB 16357-1996 Radiological protection STANDARDs for industrial X-ray detection
*GB 18465-2001 Radiological protection requirements for industrial gamma defect detecting
*GB 18871-2002 Basic Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources
*JB/T 7902-2006 Non-destructive testing-Image quality indicators(wire type) for radiographic testing
*JB/T 7903-1999 Industrial radiographic illuminators
JB/T 6440-2008 is referred in:
* GB/T 12237-2007 Stell ball valves for petroleum petrochemical and allied industries
* GB/T 12234-2007/XG1-2011 Bolted bonnet steel gate valves for petroleum and natural gas industries
* GB/T 12234-2007/XG1-2011 Bolted bonnet steel gate valves for petroleum and natural gas industries (including Amendment 1)
* GB/T 12234-2007 Bolted bonnet steel gate valves for petroleum and natural gas industries
* GB/T 12235-2007/XG1-2011 Steel globe valves and lift check valve for petroleum,petrochemical and allied industries (including Amendment 1)
* GB/T 12235-2007 Steel globe valves and lift check valve for petroleum petrochemical and allied industries
* GB/T 12234-2007/XG1-2011 Bolted bonnet steel gate valves for petroleum and natural gas industries (including Amendment 1)
*GB/T 12224-2015 General requirements for industrial steel valves
*GB/T 24925-2019 Low temperature valve—Technical specifications
*GB/T 12243-2021 Spring loaded safety valves
*JB/T 7248-2008 Technical specification for low temperature service steel casting for valves
*JB/T 7927-2014 Valve Cast Steel Visual Quality Requirements
*JB/T 11150-2011 Bellows sealing steel globe valve
*T/CGMA 0407-2022 Cryogenic valves for hydrogen ― General technical specifications
*JB/T 13887-2020 Automatic recirculation valves
*GB/T 45161-2024 Technical specification of safety valves for liquid hydrogen vessels
Code of China
Standard
JB/T 6440-2008   Methods of radiographic examination for steel castings valves (English Version)
Standard No.JB/T 6440-2008
Statusvalid
LanguageEnglish
File FormatPDF
Word Count12000 words
Price(USD)360.0
Implemented on2008-7-1
Deliveryvia email in 1 business day
Detail of JB/T 6440-2008
Standard No.
JB/T 6440-2008
English Name
Methods of radiographic examination for steel castings valves
Chinese Name
阀门受压铸钢件射线照相检验
Chinese Classification
J16
Professional Classification
JB
ICS Classification
Issued by
NDRC
Issued on
2008-2-1
Implemented on
2008-7-1
Status
valid
Superseded by
Superseded on
Abolished on
Superseding
JB/T 6440-1992
Language
English
File Format
PDF
Word Count
12000 words
Price(USD)
360.0
Keywords
JB/T 6440-2008, JB 6440-2008, JBT 6440-2008, JB/T6440-2008, JB/T 6440, JB/T6440, JB6440-2008, JB 6440, JB6440, JBT6440-2008, JBT 6440, JBT6440
Introduction of JB/T 6440-2008
Methods of radiographic examination for steel castings valves 1 Scope This standard specifies the general requirements and specific requirements for X-ray and γ-ray radiographic examination for carbon steel, alloy steel and stainless steel and castings valves, as well as the classification and evaluation methods of radiograph defects, the acceptance requirements, the radiographic examination records, the characteristic indexes of film systems, the key examination parts of radiogram, the method for determining the minimum distance (f) between the radiographic source and the steel casting, the periodic calibration method of nigrometer, the calculation method of focus size, the type and specification of special image quality indicator, and the position of overlapping mark. This standard is applicable to the radiographic examination for steel castings valves (hereinafter referred to as castings). The radiographic examination of supporting pipe fittings, flanges and other compressed steel castings may also refer to this standard. 2 Normative references The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments (excluding corrections), or revisions, of any of these publications do not apply to this standard. However parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition applies. GB 11533-1989 Standard for logarithmic visual acuity charts GB 16357-1996 Radiological protection standards for industrial X-ray detection GB 18465-2001 Radiological protection requirements for industrial gamma defect detecting GB 18871-2002 Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources JB/T 7902-2006 Non-destructive testing - Image quality indicators (wire type) for radiographic testing JB/T 7903-1999 Industrial radiographic illuminators 3 General requirements 3.1 Radiographic examination personnel 3.1.1 The radiographic examination personnel shall be trained in radiation safety knowledge before taking up their posts, and obtain the radiation worker certificate. 3.1.2 The uncorrected and corrected near vision and distant vision of the radiographic examination personnel shall not be less than 5.0 (decimal record value is 1.0) and the testing method shall meet the requirements of GB 11533. The eyesight of the film evaluator shall be checked once every year. 3.2 Radiographic film 3.2.1 Film systems are classified into four categories, i.e. T1, T2, T3 and T4. Category T1 is the highest and Category T4 is the lowest. See Annex A for the characteristic indexes of film systems. The film manufacturer shall conduct system performance test on the produced films and provide their categories and parameters. The film processing method, equipment and chemical agent used may be, according to the relevant requirements, tested and controlled with the test film which has been exposed beforehand and is provided by the manufacturer. 3.2.2 The film type shall be selected according to the casting thickness, ray sensitivity and intensifying method. Film of Category T3 or higher shall be adopted for Grade A and Grade AB radiographic examination techniques, and film of Category T2 or higher shall be adopted for Grade B radiographic examination technique. The fog density of the film background shall not be greater than 0.3. 3.2.3 When γ rays are used to examine materials with high crack sensitivity, film of Category T2 or higher shall be used. 3.3 Film viewing illuminator 3.3.1 The main properties of film viewing illuminators shall meet the relevant requirements of JB/T 7903. 3.3.2 The maximum brightness of film viewing illuminators shall meet the requirements of film evaluation. 3.4 Nigrometer (optical densitometer)
Contents of JB/T 6440-2008
Foreword i 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 General requirements 3.1 Radiographic examination personnel 3.2 Radiographic film 3.3 Film viewing illuminator 3.4 Nigrometer (optical densitometer) 3.5 Intensifying screen 3.6 Image quality indicator 3.7 Surface requirements and radiographic examination timing 3.8 Selection of radiographic examination technique grade 3.9 Radiation protection 4 Specific requirements 4.1 Ray energy 4.2 Minimum distance from radiographic source to object surface 4.3 Exposure 4.4 Exposure curve 4.5 Penetration arrangement 4.6 Application of image quality indicator 4.7 Shield of useless rays and scattered rays 4.8 Mark 4.9 Film processing 4.10 Film evaluation requirements 4.11 Quality of film 5 Classification and evaluation methods of defects on the radiograph 5.1 Classification and size measurement of defects 5.2 Defect levels of pores, sand inclusions and slag inclusions 5.3 Levels of shrinkage cavity defects 5.4 Comprehensive rating of defects 6 Acceptance requirements 7 Records of radiographic examination Annex A (Informative) Characteristic indexes of industrial radiographic film system Annex B (Normative) Key parts of radiographic examination for steel castings valves B.1 Overview B.2 Welded valves B.3 Flanged valves B.4 Others B.5 Typical sections of castings subject to radiographic detection Annex C (Normative) Method for determining the minimum distance from radiographic source to cast steel body (f) Annex D (Informative) Periodic calibration method of nigrometer (optical densitometer) D.1 General requirements for calibration of nigrometer D.2 Procedures for calibration method of nigrometer Annex E (Normative) Calculation method for focus size E.1 Calculation of focus size Annex F (Normative) Type and specification of special image quality indicator F.1 Pattern of special image quality indicator F.2 Type, specification and material of special image quality indicator Annex G (Normative) Position of overlapping mark Figure 1 Maximum allowable penetration tube voltage for different penetrated thickness Figure 2 Eccentric inner radiography diagram Figure 3 Concentric internal radiography diagram Figure 4 Outer radiography diagram Figure 5 Double-wall radiography diagram Figure B.1 Gate valve body (Pressure seal bonnet) Figure B.2 Y-shaped globe valve body (Pressure seal bonnet) Figure B.3 Same type of bonnet for angle body (Pressure seal bonnet) and Y-shaped globe valve Figure B.4 Lower elbow (Pressure seal bonnet) Figure B.5 Gate valve body (Flanged bonnet) Figure B.6 Globe valve body (Flanged bonnet) Figure B.7 Disc valve body Figure B.8 Plug valve body Figure B.9 Disc cover slab Figure B.10 Flat cover slab Figure C.1 Nomogram for determining the distance from the focus to the object surface by Grade A and Grade B radiographic examination techniques Figure C.2 Nomogram for determining the distance from the focus to the object surface by Grade AB radiographic examination technique Figure E.1 Classification of focus shapes Figure F.1 Basic pattern of special image quality indicator Figure G.1 Plane castings Figure G.2 Radiographic source-to-film distance f smaller than curvature radius of curved-surface object Figure G.3 Curved-surface component with convex towards radiographic source Figure G.4 Radiographic source-to-film distance f greater than curvature radius of curved-surface object Figure G.5 Radiographic source at the curvature center of curved-surface object Table 1 Material and thickness of intensifying screen Table 2 Penetrated thickness range of γ-ray equipment or ray equipment with energy of 1MeV or above Table 3 Brightness of film viewing illuminator Table 4 Useful range of film density Table 5 Grades of radiographic sensitivity Table 6 Size of the evaluation zone and the maximum allowable number of pores Table 7 Size of the evaluation zone as well as the maximum allowable number of sand inclusions and slag inclusions Table 8 Number of single defects Table 9 Maximum allowable size of defects without counting numbers Table 10 Maximum allowable size of pores of Level I defects Table 11 Maximum allowable size of sand inclusions and slag inclusions of Level I defects Table 12 Maximum allowable length of stripy shrinkage cavity defects Table 13 Maximum allowable area of dendritic shrinkage cavity defects Table 14 Maximum size of shrinkage cavity defects exempt from evaluation Table 15 Acceptable acceptance level of radiographic examination for steel castings Table A.1 Main characteristic indexes of film system
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Keywords:
JB/T 6440-2008, JB 6440-2008, JBT 6440-2008, JB/T6440-2008, JB/T 6440, JB/T6440, JB6440-2008, JB 6440, JB6440, JBT6440-2008, JBT 6440, JBT6440