1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic requirements of ionizing radiation protection and radiation source safety (hereinafter referred to as "protection and safety").
This standard is applicable to the protection of ionizing radiation exposure received by personnel in practice and intervention as well as source safety in practice.
This standard is not applicable to the protection for detriment to personnel possibly caused by nonionizing radiation (such as microwave, ultraviolet, visible light and infrared radiation).
2 Definitions
See Annex J (Normative) for the terms and definitions adopted by this standard.
3 General Requirements
3.1 Application
3.1.1 Practice
The practice applicable to this standard shall include:
a) Source production and radiation or radioactive substance application in medical, industry, agriculture or teaching and research, including various activities related to application involved or possibly involved in radiation or radioactive substance exposure;
b) Generation of nuclear energy, including various activities involved or possibly involved in radiation or radioactive substance exposure in nuclear fuel cycle;
c) Practice involved in natural source exposure and controlled according to regulatory authority specification;
d) Other practices specified by regulatory authority.
3.1.2 Source
3.1.2.1 The source applicable to the requirements of this standard for practice shall include:
a) Radioactive substance and component containing radioactive substance or generating radiation, including consumer product, sealed source, unsealed source and radiation generator;
b) Device and facility with radioactive substance and equipment generating radiation, including irradiation installations, mine or mill processing radioactive ores, installation processing radioactive substances, nuclear installation and radioactive waste management facility;
c) Other sources specified by regulatory authority.
3.1.2.2 The requirements of this standard shall be applied to each radiation source in device or facility; if necessary, the requirements of this standard shall be applied to whole device or facility considered as single source according to regulatory authority specification.
3.1.3 Exposure
3.1.3.1 It shall be the exposure applicable to the requirements of this standard for practice, and shall refer to occupational exposure, medical exposure or public exposure caused by relevant practice or source in practice, including normal exposure and potential exposure.
3.1.3.2 Under general condition, the natural source exposure shall be considered as a kind of prolonged exposure; if necessary, the requirements for intervention of this standard shall be followed. Under the following various conditions, the requirements for intervention of this standard shall be followed if it is not eliminated or the relevant practice or source is not exempted:
a) Public exposure caused by discharge of effluent generated by practice of natural sources or radioactive waste disposal;
b) Occupational exposure of worker caused by exposure of natural sources under the following conditions:
1) Radon exposure of worker owing to working demand or direct relation with working, regardless if the exposure is higher or lower than the action level of remedial action under prolonged exposure condition of radon in working space (see Annex H (Informative));
2) Though the radon exposure of worker during working is not regular, the exposure size is higher than the action level of remedial action under prolonged exposure condition of radon in working space (see Annex H (Informative));
3) Exposure of natural sources received by operating personnel during jet airplane flight process;
c) Exposure of other natural sources specified by regulatory authority and needed to follow the requirements of this standard for practice.
3.1.4 Intervention
3.1.4.1 The intervention conditions applicable to this standard shall be:
a) Emergency exposure condition requiring adopting protective action, including:
1) Accident conditions and emergency circumstances have implemented emergency plan or emergence program;
2) Other any emergency exposure condition having the justifiable reason to carry out intervention confirmed by regulatory authority or intervening organization;
b) Prolonged exposure condition requiring adopting remedial action, including:
1) Exposure of natural sources, such as radon exposure in building and working space;
2) Exposure of radioactive survivor caused by departed incident and exposure of radioactive survivor caused by departed practice and source utilization without notification and approval system control (see 4.2.1 and 4.2.2);
3) Other any prolonged exposure condition having the justifiable reason to carry out intervention confirmed by regulatory authority or intervening organization.
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Definitions
3 General Requirements
4 Major Requirement for Practice
5 Major Requirement for Intervention
6 Control of Occupational Exposure
7 Control of Medical Exposure
8 Control of Public Exposure
9 Control of Potential Exposure——Safety of Source
10 Intervention of Emergency Exposure Condition
11 Intervention of Prolonged Exposure Condition
Annex A (Normative) Exemptions
Annex B (Normative) Dose Limits and Control Level of Surface Contamination
Annex C (Normative) Classification of Working Spaces with Unsealed Sources
Annex D (Normative) Toxicity Grouping of Radionuclides
Annex E (Normative) Dose Level of Expected Intervention in Any Case and the Intervention Level and Action Level Under Emergency Exposure Condition
Annex F (Normative) Sign and Warning Sign of Ionizing Radiation
Annex G (Informative) Guidance Level for Medical Exposure of Radiodiagnosis and Nuclear Medicine Diagnosis
Annex H (Informative) Action Level under Prolonged Exposure Condition
Annex J (Normative) Terms and Definitions
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic requirements of ionizing radiation protection and radiation source safety (hereinafter referred to as "protection and safety").
This standard is applicable to the protection of ionizing radiation exposure received by personnel in practice and intervention as well as source safety in practice.
This standard is not applicable to the protection for detriment to personnel possibly caused by nonionizing radiation (such as microwave, ultraviolet, visible light and infrared radiation).
2 Definitions
See Annex J (Normative) for the terms and definitions adopted by this standard.
3 General Requirements
3.1 Application
3.1.1 Practice
The practice applicable to this standard shall include:
a) Source production and radiation or radioactive substance application in medical, industry, agriculture or teaching and research, including various activities related to application involved or possibly involved in radiation or radioactive substance exposure;
b) Generation of nuclear energy, including various activities involved or possibly involved in radiation or radioactive substance exposure in nuclear fuel cycle;
c) Practice involved in natural source exposure and controlled according to regulatory authority specification;
d) Other practices specified by regulatory authority.
3.1.2 Source
3.1.2.1 The source applicable to the requirements of this standard for practice shall include:
a) Radioactive substance and component containing radioactive substance or generating radiation, including consumer product, sealed source, unsealed source and radiation generator;
b) Device and facility with radioactive substance and equipment generating radiation, including irradiation installations, mine or mill processing radioactive ores, installation processing radioactive substances, nuclear installation and radioactive waste management facility;
c) Other sources specified by regulatory authority.
3.1.2.2 The requirements of this standard shall be applied to each radiation source in device or facility; if necessary, the requirements of this standard shall be applied to whole device or facility considered as single source according to regulatory authority specification.
3.1.3 Exposure
3.1.3.1 It shall be the exposure applicable to the requirements of this standard for practice, and shall refer to occupational exposure, medical exposure or public exposure caused by relevant practice or source in practice, including normal exposure and potential exposure.
3.1.3.2 Under general condition, the natural source exposure shall be considered as a kind of prolonged exposure; if necessary, the requirements for intervention of this standard shall be followed. Under the following various conditions, the requirements for intervention of this standard shall be followed if it is not eliminated or the relevant practice or source is not exempted:
a) Public exposure caused by discharge of effluent generated by practice of natural sources or radioactive waste disposal;
b) Occupational exposure of worker caused by exposure of natural sources under the following conditions:
1) Radon exposure of worker owing to working demand or direct relation with working, regardless if the exposure is higher or lower than the action level of remedial action under prolonged exposure condition of radon in working space (see Annex H (Informative));
2) Though the radon exposure of worker during working is not regular, the exposure size is higher than the action level of remedial action under prolonged exposure condition of radon in working space (see Annex H (Informative));
3) Exposure of natural sources received by operating personnel during jet airplane flight process;
c) Exposure of other natural sources specified by regulatory authority and needed to follow the requirements of this standard for practice.
3.1.4 Intervention
3.1.4.1 The intervention conditions applicable to this standard shall be:
a) Emergency exposure condition requiring adopting protective action, including:
1) Accident conditions and emergency circumstances have implemented emergency plan or emergence program;
2) Other any emergency exposure condition having the justifiable reason to carry out intervention confirmed by regulatory authority or intervening organization;
b) Prolonged exposure condition requiring adopting remedial action, including:
1) Exposure of natural sources, such as radon exposure in building and working space;
2) Exposure of radioactive survivor caused by departed incident and exposure of radioactive survivor caused by departed practice and source utilization without notification and approval system control (see 4.2.1 and 4.2.2);
3) Other any prolonged exposure condition having the justifiable reason to carry out intervention confirmed by regulatory authority or intervening organization.
Contents of GB 18871-2002
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Definitions
3 General Requirements
4 Major Requirement for Practice
5 Major Requirement for Intervention
6 Control of Occupational Exposure
7 Control of Medical Exposure
8 Control of Public Exposure
9 Control of Potential Exposure——Safety of Source
10 Intervention of Emergency Exposure Condition
11 Intervention of Prolonged Exposure Condition
Annex A (Normative) Exemptions
Annex B (Normative) Dose Limits and Control Level of Surface Contamination
Annex C (Normative) Classification of Working Spaces with Unsealed Sources
Annex D (Normative) Toxicity Grouping of Radionuclides
Annex E (Normative) Dose Level of Expected Intervention in Any Case and the Intervention Level and Action Level Under Emergency Exposure Condition
Annex F (Normative) Sign and Warning Sign of Ionizing Radiation
Annex G (Informative) Guidance Level for Medical Exposure of Radiodiagnosis and Nuclear Medicine Diagnosis
Annex H (Informative) Action Level under Prolonged Exposure Condition
Annex J (Normative) Terms and Definitions
