1 General provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to ensuring the design quality of liquefied natural gas receiving terminals, improving the design level, and achieving advanced technology, economic rationality, safety and reliability, and energy conservation & environmental protection.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design of constructed, extended and renovated onshore liquefied natural gas receiving terminals.
1.0.3 In addition to this code, the design of the liquefied natural gas receiving terminals shall also meet the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 liquefied natural gas (LNG)
a colorless fluid in liquid state that is mainly composed of methane and may contain small amounts of ethane, propane, butane, nitrogen, or other components normally found in natural gas
2.0.2 liquefied natural gas receiving terminal
terminal that receives, stores, vaporizes and sends out the liquefied natural gas for shipping
2.0.3 process unit
a combination of one or more interrelated process equipment
2.0.4 a group of tanks
one or more storage tanks arranged in an impounding dike/wall
2.0.5 recondenser
equipment for condensing the compressed liquefied natural gas boil-off gas by using supercooled liquefied natural gas
2.0.6 open rack vaporizer (ORV)
equipment using seawater as heat source, in which the seawater covers the outer surface of the vaporizer tube bundle from top to bottom by gravity from the overflow device at the top of the vaporizer, and the liquefied natural gas is heated and vaporized by seawater from bottom to top along the tube bundle
2.0.7 submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV)
equipment using natural gas as fuel, in which the high-temperature flue gas produced by burning natural gas through a burner directly enters the water bath to heat the water, and the liquefied natural gas flows through the heat exchange coil submerged in the water bath and is heated and vaporized by the hot water
2.0.8 intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV)
equipment that uses a phase change process of evaporation and condensation of an intermediate fluid to transfer the heat of the heat source to the liquefied natural gas to vaporize the latter
2.0.9 liquefied natural gas collected pit
structure used to collect the liquefied natural gas that is leaked to the ground during an accident
2.0.10 roll over
phenomenon that, due to the different density or temperature of liquefied natural gas at different liquid levels, an unstable state of violent movement between different layers of liquefied natural gas is formed, and a large amount of liquefied natural gas boil-off gas is released
2.0.11 daily boil-off rate
percentage of daily evaporation of a storage tank due to heat leakage to the total capacity of the storage tank, which is calculated by pure methane
2.0.12 single containment tank
storage tank with only one self-supporting structure for containing low-temperature flammable liquid, which may be composed of single-wall or double-wall structure with thermal insulation layer
2.0.13 double containment tank
storage tank consisting of a single containment tank and its outer tank, of which the outer tank has a radial distance of not more than 6m to the single containment tank, is open to the atmosphere at the top and is used to contain the low-temperature flammable liquid that overflows after the single containment tank ruptures
2.0.14 full containment tank
storage tank consisting of an inner tank and an outer tank, of which the inner tank is a steel self-supporting structure for storing low-temperature flammable liquid, and the outer tank is an independent self-supporting closed structure with vault, generally made of steel or concrete, is used for bearing gas phase pressure and thermal insulation materials and can contain the low-temperature flammable liquid overflowing from the inner tank
2.0.15 membrane tank
composite structure formed by a metal membrane inner tank, thermal insulation layer and concrete outer tank, of which the metal membrane inner tank is a non-self-supporting structure for storing liquefied natural gas, with the liquid phase load and other loads exerted on the metal membrane all transferred to the concrete outer tank through the load-bearing thermal insulation layer, and the gas phase pressure being borne by the top of the tank
2.0.16 impounding dike/wall
structure for preventing overflow of liquefied natural gas or spread of fire in case of a leakage accident of LNG storage tank
2.0.17 operating base earthquake (OBE)
maximum earthquake that will not cause system damage and will not affect the restart and continued safe operation of the system, at which level the seismic action will not damage the integrity of tank system operation, and the public safety can be ensured
2.0.18 safe shutdown earthquake (SSE)
maximum earthquake that will not cause the failure and destruction of the basic functions of the system, at which level the seismic action may cause local permanent damage to the device and storage tank, but will not damage the integrity of the system
2.0.19 aftershock level earthquake (ALE)
aftershock after a safe shutdown earthquake, at which level the earthquake will not damage the integrity of the system when it reoccurs
2.0.20 boundary alarm system
protection system for protecting the boundary of liquefied natural gas receiving terminal or alarming when the boundary is invaded by foreign things
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Site selection
4 General plot plan and transportation
4.1 General layout
4.2 Vertical design
4.3 Road design
5 Process systems
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Unloading and loading
5.3 Storage
5.4 Boil-off gas treatment
5.5 Transfer systems
5.6 LNG vaporization
5.7 Sendout and metering
5.8 Truck loading
5.9 Flare and vent
6 Equipment
6.1 Vessels
6.2 Loading arm
6.3 Vaporizers
6.4 Pumps
6.5 Compressors
7 LNG storage tanks
7.1 General requirements
7.2 Metal inner and outer tanks
7.3 Prestressed concrete outer tanks
7.4 Cold insulation of storage tank
7.5 Inspection and test
7.6 Drying, replacement and cooling
7.7 Sites, subgrades and foundations
8 Equipment layout and piping systems
8.1 Equipment layout
8.2 Pipeline layout
8.3 Pipeline materials
8.4 Pipeline stress analysis
8.5 Pipeline insulation and anticorrosive engineering
9 Instrumentation and control systems
9.1 Control systems
9.2 Process measurement instrumentation
9.3 Instrumentation installation and protection
9.4 Package equipment instrumentation
10 Utilities and auxiliary facilities
10.1 Water and sewage systems
10.2 Electricity
10.3 Telecommunications
10.4 Analysis and testing
10.5 Buildings and structures
10.6 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
10.7 Maintenance and spare parts
11 Fire protection
11.1 General requirements
11.2 Fire water supply system
11.3 Fire-fighting facilities
11.4 Fire proofing
11.5 Gas detection and fire alarm
12 Safety, occupational health and environment protection
12.1 Safety
12.2 Occupational health
12.3 Environment protection
Annex A Calculation of the gas discharge volume
Annex B Schematic diagrams of LNG storage tank types
Explanation of wording in this code
List of quoted standards
1 General provisions
1.0.1 This code is formulated with a view to ensuring the design quality of liquefied natural gas receiving terminals, improving the design level, and achieving advanced technology, economic rationality, safety and reliability, and energy conservation & environmental protection.
1.0.2 This code is applicable to the design of constructed, extended and renovated onshore liquefied natural gas receiving terminals.
1.0.3 In addition to this code, the design of the liquefied natural gas receiving terminals shall also meet the requirements of the current relevant standards of the nation.
2 Terms
2.0.1 liquefied natural gas (LNG)
a colorless fluid in liquid state that is mainly composed of methane and may contain small amounts of ethane, propane, butane, nitrogen, or other components normally found in natural gas
2.0.2 liquefied natural gas receiving terminal
terminal that receives, stores, vaporizes and sends out the liquefied natural gas for shipping
2.0.3 process unit
a combination of one or more interrelated process equipment
2.0.4 a group of tanks
one or more storage tanks arranged in an impounding dike/wall
2.0.5 recondenser
equipment for condensing the compressed liquefied natural gas boil-off gas by using supercooled liquefied natural gas
2.0.6 open rack vaporizer (ORV)
equipment using seawater as heat source, in which the seawater covers the outer surface of the vaporizer tube bundle from top to bottom by gravity from the overflow device at the top of the vaporizer, and the liquefied natural gas is heated and vaporized by seawater from bottom to top along the tube bundle
2.0.7 submerged combustion vaporizer (SCV)
equipment using natural gas as fuel, in which the high-temperature flue gas produced by burning natural gas through a burner directly enters the water bath to heat the water, and the liquefied natural gas flows through the heat exchange coil submerged in the water bath and is heated and vaporized by the hot water
2.0.8 intermediate fluid vaporizer (IFV)
equipment that uses a phase change process of evaporation and condensation of an intermediate fluid to transfer the heat of the heat source to the liquefied natural gas to vaporize the latter
2.0.9 liquefied natural gas collected pit
structure used to collect the liquefied natural gas that is leaked to the ground during an accident
2.0.10 roll over
phenomenon that, due to the different density or temperature of liquefied natural gas at different liquid levels, an unstable state of violent movement between different layers of liquefied natural gas is formed, and a large amount of liquefied natural gas boil-off gas is released
2.0.11 daily boil-off rate
percentage of daily evaporation of a storage tank due to heat leakage to the total capacity of the storage tank, which is calculated by pure methane
2.0.12 single containment tank
storage tank with only one self-supporting structure for containing low-temperature flammable liquid, which may be composed of single-wall or double-wall structure with thermal insulation layer
2.0.13 double containment tank
storage tank consisting of a single containment tank and its outer tank, of which the outer tank has a radial distance of not more than 6m to the single containment tank, is open to the atmosphere at the top and is used to contain the low-temperature flammable liquid that overflows after the single containment tank ruptures
2.0.14 full containment tank
storage tank consisting of an inner tank and an outer tank, of which the inner tank is a steel self-supporting structure for storing low-temperature flammable liquid, and the outer tank is an independent self-supporting closed structure with vault, generally made of steel or concrete, is used for bearing gas phase pressure and thermal insulation materials and can contain the low-temperature flammable liquid overflowing from the inner tank
2.0.15 membrane tank
composite structure formed by a metal membrane inner tank, thermal insulation layer and concrete outer tank, of which the metal membrane inner tank is a non-self-supporting structure for storing liquefied natural gas, with the liquid phase load and other loads exerted on the metal membrane all transferred to the concrete outer tank through the load-bearing thermal insulation layer, and the gas phase pressure being borne by the top of the tank
2.0.16 impounding dike/wall
structure for preventing overflow of liquefied natural gas or spread of fire in case of a leakage accident of LNG storage tank
2.0.17 operating base earthquake (OBE)
maximum earthquake that will not cause system damage and will not affect the restart and continued safe operation of the system, at which level the seismic action will not damage the integrity of tank system operation, and the public safety can be ensured
2.0.18 safe shutdown earthquake (SSE)
maximum earthquake that will not cause the failure and destruction of the basic functions of the system, at which level the seismic action may cause local permanent damage to the device and storage tank, but will not damage the integrity of the system
2.0.19 aftershock level earthquake (ALE)
aftershock after a safe shutdown earthquake, at which level the earthquake will not damage the integrity of the system when it reoccurs
2.0.20 boundary alarm system
protection system for protecting the boundary of liquefied natural gas receiving terminal or alarming when the boundary is invaded by foreign things
Contents of GB 51156-2015
1 General provisions
2 Terms
3 Site selection
4 General plot plan and transportation
4.1 General layout
4.2 Vertical design
4.3 Road design
5 Process systems
5.1 General requirements
5.2 Unloading and loading
5.3 Storage
5.4 Boil-off gas treatment
5.5 Transfer systems
5.6 LNG vaporization
5.7 Sendout and metering
5.8 Truck loading
5.9 Flare and vent
6 Equipment
6.1 Vessels
6.2 Loading arm
6.3 Vaporizers
6.4 Pumps
6.5 Compressors
7 LNG storage tanks
7.1 General requirements
7.2 Metal inner and outer tanks
7.3 Prestressed concrete outer tanks
7.4 Cold insulation of storage tank
7.5 Inspection and test
7.6 Drying, replacement and cooling
7.7 Sites, subgrades and foundations
8 Equipment layout and piping systems
8.1 Equipment layout
8.2 Pipeline layout
8.3 Pipeline materials
8.4 Pipeline stress analysis
8.5 Pipeline insulation and anticorrosive engineering
9 Instrumentation and control systems
9.1 Control systems
9.2 Process measurement instrumentation
9.3 Instrumentation installation and protection
9.4 Package equipment instrumentation
10 Utilities and auxiliary facilities
10.1 Water and sewage systems
10.2 Electricity
10.3 Telecommunications
10.4 Analysis and testing
10.5 Buildings and structures
10.6 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning
10.7 Maintenance and spare parts
11 Fire protection
11.1 General requirements
11.2 Fire water supply system
11.3 Fire-fighting facilities
11.4 Fire proofing
11.5 Gas detection and fire alarm
12 Safety, occupational health and environment protection
12.1 Safety
12.2 Occupational health
12.3 Environment protection
Annex A Calculation of the gas discharge volume
Annex B Schematic diagrams of LNG storage tank types
Explanation of wording in this code
List of quoted standards
