Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
Chapters 4, 5, 8 and 9 of this standard are mandatory and the others are recommendatory.
This standard was drafted on basis of "Directives for Standardization-Part 1: Structure and Drafting of Standards" (GB / T 1.1).
This standard is modified in relation to "Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Restraining Devices for Child Occupants of Power-Driven Vehicles (Child Restraint Systems)" (ECE R44) (revision 2) and all subsequent supplement and corrigenda.
The comparison table of chapter and article numbers in this standard and those in ECE R44 are listed in Appendix A.
The technical differences and their reasons between this standard and ECE R44 are listed as follows:
-The definition of "built-in child restraint system" (3.54) was added to specify the meaning of built-in child restraint system mentioned in ECE R44;
-The ISOFIX anchorages system sketch map (Figure 1) was added for the clear understanding of the users of this standard.
The following editorial changes are made to this standard:
-The standard name was revised as "Restraining Devices for Child Occupants of Power-driven Vehicles";
-The definition of "ISOFIX anchorage" in Article 2.1 of ECE R44 was compiled in article 3.23 of this standard according to the expression method of GB / T 1.1;
-The contents concerning "child restraint system groups and category" in Article 2.1.1 of ECE R44 was compiled in Article 4.1 of this standard according to the expression method of GB / T 1.1;
-Due to the difference between Chinese approval management system and that of Europe, the relevant approval management procedures and conformity of production in ECE R44 should not be adopted; therefore, the definitions of Article 2.38 "type approval test", Article 2.39 "production qualification test" and Article 2.40 "routine testing" in Chapter 2, definitions of Chapter 3 "application for approval" and Chapter 5 "approval", requirements of "the test reports of type approval and of production qualification shall include the inspection of existing certificate mark, installation instructions and instructions for use" in Article 9.1 of Chapter 9, Chapter 10 "modifications and extension of approval of a type of child restraint system", Chapter 11 "production qualification", Chapter 12 "conformity of production and routine tests", Chapter 13 "penalties for non-conformity of production", Chapter 14 "production definitely discontinued", Chapter 16 "names and address of technical services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of administrative departments", Chapter 17 "transitional provisions", Appendix 1 "communication for approval granted, approval refused, approval withdrawn or production definitely discontinued of restraining devices for child occupants of power-driven vehicles, pursuant to Regulation No. 44.", Appendix 2 "arrangements of the approval mark", appendix 14 "type approval scheme" and Appendix 16 "control of conformity of production" were deleted.
The Appendixes B to M and Appendixes Q to X of this standard are normative, Appendix A and Appendix P are informative.
This standard was proposed by the National Development and Reform Commission.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114).
Drafting organizations of this standard: China Automotive Technology & Research Center and Wuhan University of Technology.
Participating drafting organizations of this standard: Dong Feng Commercial Vehicle Technical Center, Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd., Beijing Hyundai Motor Co., Ltd., Technology Center of Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen automobile Co., Ltd., Combi (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Abel Auto Accessory Co., Ltd., Goodbaby Group, Guangdong Lemeida Group Co., Ltd., Toyota Motor Technical Center (China) Co., Ltd., Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Beijing Aprica Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Baobao Children Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Wanli Safety Equipment Manufacuring Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Lucky Baby Car Seat MFG Co., Ltd., Hebei Berger Phoenix Tape Weaving Co., Ltd. and MAX-INF (Ningbo) Baby Product Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this standard: Li Weijing, Kong Jun, Sun Zhendong, Yuan Jian, Zhang Shangjiao, Fang Jianjun, Yi Shuangqing, Dong Bo, Liu Guanhong, Yan Yaohui, Chen Wenjian, Lan Yunlong, Han Hongjun, Lin Chong, Peng Jiongming, He Yunfeng, Zhang Sihong, Cao Guangming, Ge Ruhai, Wen Rixue, Li Qiang, Zhang Yue, Feng Tao, Ma Chenlei and Xu Lihong.
This standard will be implemented since July 1, 2012.
This standard is published for the first time.
Restraining Devices for Child Occupants of
Power-driven Vehicles
机动车儿童乘员用约束系统
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions of restraining devices for child occupants of power-driven vehicles (hereinafter referred to as child restraint system), the requirements for installation and fixation on vehicles, structure of restraint system as well as performance requirements and test methods for restraint system assembly and its component parts.
This standard applies to child restraint systems which are suitable for installation in power-driven vehicles having three or more wheels, and which are not intended for use with folding (tip-up) or with side-facing seats.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 231.1-2009 Metallic Materials - Brinell Hardness Test - Part 1: Test Method (eqv ISO 6506-1: 1999)
GB/T 730 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Quality Control of Blue Wool Reference Materials 1 to 7 (GB 730-1998, eqv ISO 105-B: 1994)
GB 8410 Flammability of Automotive Interior Materials
GB 11552 The Interior Fittings of Passenger Car
GB 14166 Safety Belts and Restraint Systems for Adult Occupants of Motor Vehicles
GB 14167 Safety-belt Anchorages for Vehicles
ISO 6487: 2002 Road Vehicles - Measurement Techniques in Impact Tests - Instrumentation
ISO 17373: 2005 Road Vehicles - Sled Test Procedure for Evaluating Occupant Head and Neck Interactions with Seat/Head Restraint Designs in Low-speed Rear-end Impact
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the terms and definitions established in GB / T 4780 and the following ones apply.
3.1
Child restraint system
It means an arrangement of components which may comprise the combination of straps or flexible components with a securing buckle, adjusting devices, attachments and in some cases a supplementary device as a carry-cot, infant carrier, a supplementary chair and/or an impact shield, capable of being anchored to a power-driven vehicle. It is so designed as to diminish the risk of injury to the wearer, in the event of a collision or of abrupt deceleration of the vehicle, by limiting the mobility of the wearer's body.
3.2
Category
The child restraint system is classified according to the position on the vehicles.
3.2.1
Universal category
A category for use as specified in articles 4.2.1, 4.2.3.1 and 4.2.3.2 on most vehicle set positions, and in particular those which have been assessed according to GB 14166 as being compatible with such a category of child restraint.
3.2.2
Restricted category
A category for use as specified in articles 4.2.1 and 4.2.3.1 in designated seat positions for particular vehicle types as indicated by either the child restraint manufacturer or the vehicle manufacturer.
3.2.3
Semi-universal category
A category for use as specified in articles 4.2.1, 4.2.3.3 and 4.2.3.4.
3.2.4
Specific vehicle category
A category for use either on specific vehicle types, in accordance with articles 4.2.2 and 4.2.3.5; or as a child restraint system or "built in" child restraint equipped with anchorages designed either by the vehicle manufacturer or the child restraint manufacturer.
3.3
Class
The child restraint system may be classified according to the restraint method of child.
3.3.1
Integral class
The retention of the child within the restraint system is independent of any means directly connected to the vehicle.
3.3.2
Non-integral class
The retention of the child within the restraint system is dependent upon any means directly connected to the vehicle.
3.4
Partial restraint
A device, such as a booster cushion, which, when used in conjunction with an adult seat belt, which passes around the body of the child or restrains the device in which the child is placed, forms a complete child restraint system.
3.5
Booster cushion
It means a firm cushion, which can be used with an adult seat belt.
3.6
Guide strap
It means a strap which constrains the shoulder strap of the adult seatbelt in a position to suit the child and where the effective position at which the shoulder strap changes direction can be adjusted by means of a device which can be moved up and down the strap to locate the wearer's shoulder, and then locked into that position. This guide strap is not meant to carry a significant part of the dynamic load.
3.7
Child-safety chair
It means a child restraint incorporating a chair in which the child is held.
3.8
Belt
It means a child restraint comprising a combination of straps with a securing buckle, adjusting devices and attachments.
3.9
Chair
It means a structure which is a constituent part of the child restraint and is intended to accommodate a child in a seated position.
3.10
Carry cot
It means a restraint system intended to accommodate and restrain the child in a supine or prone position with the child's spine perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle. It is so designed as to distribute the restraining forces over the child's head and body excluding its limbs in the event of a collision.
3.11
Carry-cot restraint
It means a device used to restrain a carry-cot to the structure of the vehicle.
3.12
Infant carrier
It means a restraint system intended to accommodate the child in a rearward-facing semi-recumbent position. It is so designed as to distribute the restraining forces over the child's head and body excluding its limbs in the event of the frontal collision.
3.13
Chair support
It means that part of a child restraint by which the chair can be raised.
3.14
Child support
It means that part of a child restraint by which the child can be raised within the child restraint.
3.15
Impact shield
It means a device secured in front of the child and designed to distribute the restraining forces over the greater part of the height of the child's body in the event of a frontal impact.
3.16
Strap
It means a flexible component designed to transmit forces.
3.16.1
Lap strap
It means a strap which, either in the form of a complete belt or in the form of a component of such a belt, passes across the front of, and restrains, the child's pelvic region.
3.16.2
Shoulder restraint
It means that part of a belt which restrains the child's upper torso.
3.16.3
Crotch strap
It means a strap (or divided straps, where two or more pieces of webbing make it) attached to the child restraint and the lap strap and is so positioned as to pass between the child's thighs; it is designed to prevent the child sliding under the lap belt in normal use and prevent the lap belt moving up off the pelvis in an impact.
3.16.4
Child-restraining strap
It means a strap which is a constituent part of the belt and restrains only the body of the child;
3.16.5
Child-restraint attachment strap
It means a strap which attaches the child restraint to the structure of the vehicle and may be a part of the vehicle-seat retaining device.
3.16.6
Harness belt
It means a belt assembly comprising a lap belt, shoulder restraints and, where fitted, a crotch strap.
3.16.7
Y-shaped belt
It means a belt where the combination of straps is formed by a strap to be guided between the child's legs and a strap for each shoulder.
3.17
Buckle
Means a quick release device which enables the child to be held by the restraint or the restraint by the structure of the car and can be quickly opened. The buckle may incorporate the adjusting device.
3.17.1
Enclosed buckle release button
A buckle release button such that it must not be possible to release the buckle using a sphere having a diameter of 40 mm.
3.17.2
Non-enclosed buckle release button
A buckle release button such that it must be possible to release the buckle using a sphere having a diameter of 40 mm.
3.18
Adjusting device
It means a device enabling the restraint or its attachments to be adjusted to the physique of the wearer, the configuration of the vehicle, or both. The adjusting device may either be part of the buckle or be a retractor or any other part of the safety belt.
3.18.1
Quick adjuster
It means an adjusting device which can be operated by one hand in one smooth movement.
3.18.2
Adjuster mounted directly on child restraint
It means an adjuster for the integral harness which is directly mounted on the child restraint, as opposed to being directly supported by the webbing that it is designed to adjust.
3.19
Attachments
It means parts of the child restraint, including securing components, which enable the child restraint to be firmly secured to the vehicle structure either directly or through the vehicle seat.
3.20
Support leg
It means a permanent attachment to a child restraint creating a compressive load path between the child restraint and a vehicle structure in order to by-pass seat cushion effects during deceleration; a support leg may be adjustable.
3.21
Energy absorber
It means a device which is designed to dissipate energy independently of or jointly with the strap and forms part of a child restraint.
3.22
Retractor
It means a device designed to accommodate a part or the whole of the strap of a child restraint.
3.22.1
Automatically-locking retractor
A retractor which allows extraction of the desired length of a strap and, when the buckle is fastened, automatically adjusts the strap to the wearer's physique, further extraction of the strap without voluntary intervention by the wearer being prevented.
3.22.2
Emergency-locking retractor
A retractor which does not restrict the belt wearer's freedom of movement in normal driving conditions. Such a device has length-adjusting devices which automatically adjust the strap to the wearer's physique, and a locking mechanism actuated in an emergency by:
- deceleration of the vehicle, extraction of the strap from the retractor, or any other automatic means (single sensitivity);o r
- a combination of any of these means (multiple sensitivity).
3.23
ISOFIX anchorage
It is a system for the connection of child restraint systems to vehicles which has two vehicle rigid anchorages, two corresponding rigid attachments on the child restraint system and a mean to limit the pitch rotation of the child restraint system.
3.24
Restraint anchorages
It means these parts of the vehicle structure or seat structure to which the child-restraint attachments are secured.
3.25
Additional anchorage
It means a part of the vehicle structure or of the vehicle seat structure, or any other part of the vehicle, to which a child restraint is intended to be secured and which is additional to the anchorages approved under GB 14167. This includes the trolley floor pan as described in Appendix E or other structural features of a specific vehicle(s) when loaded by a support leg.
3.26
ISOFIX low anchorage
It means one 6 mm diameter rigid round horizontal bar, extending from vehicle or seat structure to accept and restrain an ISOFIX child restraint system with ISOFIX attachments.
3.27
ISOFIX anchorages system
Means a system made up of two ISOFIX low anchorages which is designed for attaching an ISOFIX child restraint system in conjunction with an anti-rotation device (see Figure 1).
3.28
Anti-rotation device
A device used to prevent the rotation of child restraint system along the travelling direction of vehicles. The structures of anti-rotation devices for different category of child restraint system are different:
- An anti-rotation device for an ISOFIX universal child restraint system consists of the ISOFIX top tether strap and its anchorages;
- An anti-rotation device for an ISOFIX semi-universal child restraint system consists of a top tether and its anchorages, the vehicle dashboard or a support leg intended to limit the rotation of the restraint during a frontal impact.
Note: For ISOFIX, universal and semi-universal, child restraint systems the vehicle seat itself do not constitute an anti-rotation device.
3.29
ISOFIX top tether anchorage
It means a feature fulfilling the requirements of GB 14167, such as a bar, located in a defined zone, designed to accept an ISOFIX top tether strap connector and transfer its restraint force to the vehicle structure.
Contents Foreword I 1 Scope 2 Normative References 3 Terms and Definitions 4 General Specifications 5 Particular Specifications 6 Tests 7 Test Report 9 Instructions Appendix A (Informative) Structural Changes of This Standard over ECE R Appendix B (Normative) Arrangement of Apparatus for Dust Resistance Test Appendix C (Normative) Corrosion Test Appendix D (Normative) Abrasion and Microslip Test Appendix E (Normative) Description of Trolley Appendix F (Normative) Curve of Trolley's Deceleration or Acceleration, as Function of Time Appendix G (Normative) Description of Dummy Appendix H (Normative) Frontal Impact Test Procedure Appendix I (Normative) Rear Impact Test Procedure Appendix J (Normative) Additional Anchorages Required for Attaching Child Restraints in the Semi-universal Category to Motor Vehicles Appendix K (Normative) Chair Appendix M (Normative) Standard Safety-belt Appendix P (Informative) Explanatory Notes Appendix Q (Normative) Test of Energy Absorbing Material Appendix R (Normative) Method of Defining Head Impact Area of Devices with Backrests and for Rearward-facing Devices Defining the Minimum Size of Side Wings Appendix S (Normative) Description of Conditioning of Adjusters Mounted Directly on Child Restraint Systems Appendix T (Normative) Typical Buckle Strength Test Device Appendix U (Normative) Dynamic Crash Test Installation Appendix X (Normative) Lower Torso Body Block Test Figure 1 ISOFIX Anchorages System Sketch Map Figure 2 Example of ISOFIX Attachments Figure 3 Maximum Dimensions of ISOFIX Child Restraint System Attachment Figure 4 Dimensions of ISOFIX Top Tether Connector (Hook Type) Figure 5 Arrangement for Testing a Forward-facing Device Figure 6 Arrangement for Testing a Rearward-facing Device Figure 7 Arrangement for Testing Child Restraint Devices Group 0, Not Supported by the Dashboard Figure 8 Arrangement for Testing Child Restraint Devices, Except Group 0, Not Supported by the Dashboard Figure 9 Class A Device Figure 10 Schematic Layout of Class B Lock-Off Device Test Figure 11 Warning Label Pattern for Child Restraint System Figure 12 Pictogram of Logo ISOFIX Figure 13 Graphic Symbols Figure 14 Instruction Diagram Figure B.1 Arrangement of Apparatus for Dust Resistance Test Figure D.1 Procedure Type Figure D.2 Procedure Type Figure D.3 Microslip Test Figure E.1 Arrangement of Testing a Rearward-facing Device Figure E.2 Dimensions of the Seat and the Seat Cushions Figure E.3 Dimensions of the Aluminum Bottom-plate(Aluminum Plate before Bending) Figure E.4 Dimensions of the Cover Material Figure E.5 3- Dimensional View of Seat Figure E.6 Stopping Device Frontal Impact Dimensions Figure E.7 Overall Dimension of Stopping Device Olive-shaped Knob Figure E.8 Internal Dimension of Stopping Device Olive-shaped Knob Figure E.9 Stopping Device Rear Impact Dimension Figure E.10 Polyurethane Tube Dimension Figure E.11 Arrangement of Anchorages for Test Trolley Figure E.12 Arrangement Figure of Anchorages for Test Trolley Figure E.13 Anchorage Point H1 and H Figure F.1 Curve of Trolley's Deceleration or Acceleration, as Function of Time in Frontal Impact Figure F.2 Curve of Trolley's Deceleration or Acceleration, as Function of Time in Rear Impact Figure G.1 Principal Dimensions of Dummy Figure G.2 Calibration of the Neck Cable Figure G.3 Calibration of Atlas-Axis Joint Figure G.4 Calibration of Hip Joint Figure G.5 Calibration Knee Joint Figure G.6 Calibration of Shoulder Joint Figure G.7 Calibration of Elbow Joint Figure G.8 Calibration of Lumbar Cable Figure G.9 Calibration of Lumbar Cable Figure G.10 Principal Dimensions of Infant Dummy Figure G.11 Calibration of Shoulder Stiffness Figure G.12 Calibration of Leg Joint Figure G.13 Principal Dimensions of the 18 Months Dummy Figure G.14 Calibration of Lumbar Spine Figure G.15 Calibration of Abdomen Figure G.16 Calibration of Neck Figure K.1 Inner Height of Child Restraint System Chair Figure M.1 Standard Seat Belt Configurations Figure M.2 Typical Standard Anchorage Plate Figure M.3 Central Part of the Standard Belt Configuration Figure M.4 Pillar Loop Figure Q.1 Headrest Figure S.1 Operation Method of Adjuster Figure T.1 Typical Buckle Strength Test Device Figure U.1 Dynamic Crash Test Installation Figure X.1 Truncated P10 Dummy Block Figure X.2 Booster Pull Test Using Dummy Block Table 1 Corresponding Relationship between the Mass Group and ISOFIX Size Category Table 2 Possible Configurations for Approval Groups / Categories Table Table 3 Dynamic Test Conditions for Different Test Types Table 4 General Conditions FOR Abrasion Test Procedure Table 5 Channel Frequency Class Table 6 Dimensional Tolerance in the Test Table A.1 Chapter and Article Contrast between This Standard and ECE R Table E.1 Characteristics of Polyurethane Foam Used for the Back and Seating Table E.2 Characteristics of Sun Shade Cloth Table E.3 Characteristics of the Absorbing Material A Table E.4 Characteristics of the Absorbing Material B(ASTM D2000) Table F.1 Definition of the Different Curves in Frontal Impact Table F.2 Definition of the Different Curves in Rear Impact Table G.1 Mass of Different Components by Age Group Table G.2 Dimensions of Seated Dummy Table G.3 Principal Dimensions of the "New-born" Dummy Table G.4 Mass Distribution of the "New-born" Dummy Table G.5 Mass Distribution of the 18 Months Dummy Table G.6 Principal Dimensions of the 18 Months Dummy
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
Chapters 4, 5, 8 and 9 of this standard are mandatory and the others are recommendatory.
This standard was drafted on basis of "Directives for Standardization-Part 1: Structure and Drafting of Standards" (GB / T 1.1).
This standard is modified in relation to "Uniform Provisions Concerning the Approval of Restraining Devices for Child Occupants of Power-Driven Vehicles (Child Restraint Systems)" (ECE R44) (revision 2) and all subsequent supplement and corrigenda.
The comparison table of chapter and article numbers in this standard and those in ECE R44 are listed in Appendix A.
The technical differences and their reasons between this standard and ECE R44 are listed as follows:
-The definition of "built-in child restraint system" (3.54) was added to specify the meaning of built-in child restraint system mentioned in ECE R44;
-The ISOFIX anchorages system sketch map (Figure 1) was added for the clear understanding of the users of this standard.
The following editorial changes are made to this standard:
-The standard name was revised as "Restraining Devices for Child Occupants of Power-driven Vehicles";
-The definition of "ISOFIX anchorage" in Article 2.1 of ECE R44 was compiled in article 3.23 of this standard according to the expression method of GB / T 1.1;
-The contents concerning "child restraint system groups and category" in Article 2.1.1 of ECE R44 was compiled in Article 4.1 of this standard according to the expression method of GB / T 1.1;
-Due to the difference between Chinese approval management system and that of Europe, the relevant approval management procedures and conformity of production in ECE R44 should not be adopted; therefore, the definitions of Article 2.38 "type approval test", Article 2.39 "production qualification test" and Article 2.40 "routine testing" in Chapter 2, definitions of Chapter 3 "application for approval" and Chapter 5 "approval", requirements of "the test reports of type approval and of production qualification shall include the inspection of existing certificate mark, installation instructions and instructions for use" in Article 9.1 of Chapter 9, Chapter 10 "modifications and extension of approval of a type of child restraint system", Chapter 11 "production qualification", Chapter 12 "conformity of production and routine tests", Chapter 13 "penalties for non-conformity of production", Chapter 14 "production definitely discontinued", Chapter 16 "names and address of technical services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of administrative departments", Chapter 17 "transitional provisions", Appendix 1 "communication for approval granted, approval refused, approval withdrawn or production definitely discontinued of restraining devices for child occupants of power-driven vehicles, pursuant to Regulation No. 44.", Appendix 2 "arrangements of the approval mark", appendix 14 "type approval scheme" and Appendix 16 "control of conformity of production" were deleted.
The Appendixes B to M and Appendixes Q to X of this standard are normative, Appendix A and Appendix P are informative.
This standard was proposed by the National Development and Reform Commission.
This standard is under the jurisdiction of the National Automotive Standardization Technical Committee (SAC/TC 114).
Drafting organizations of this standard: China Automotive Technology & Research Center and Wuhan University of Technology.
Participating drafting organizations of this standard: Dong Feng Commercial Vehicle Technical Center, Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd., Beijing Hyundai Motor Co., Ltd., Technology Center of Dongfeng Peugeot Citroen automobile Co., Ltd., Combi (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen Abel Auto Accessory Co., Ltd., Goodbaby Group, Guangdong Lemeida Group Co., Ltd., Toyota Motor Technical Center (China) Co., Ltd., Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Beijing Aprica Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Baobao Children Appliance Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Wanli Safety Equipment Manufacuring Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Lucky Baby Car Seat MFG Co., Ltd., Hebei Berger Phoenix Tape Weaving Co., Ltd. and MAX-INF (Ningbo) Baby Product Co., Ltd.
Chief drafting staffs of this standard: Li Weijing, Kong Jun, Sun Zhendong, Yuan Jian, Zhang Shangjiao, Fang Jianjun, Yi Shuangqing, Dong Bo, Liu Guanhong, Yan Yaohui, Chen Wenjian, Lan Yunlong, Han Hongjun, Lin Chong, Peng Jiongming, He Yunfeng, Zhang Sihong, Cao Guangming, Ge Ruhai, Wen Rixue, Li Qiang, Zhang Yue, Feng Tao, Ma Chenlei and Xu Lihong.
This standard will be implemented since July 1, 2012.
This standard is published for the first time.
Restraining Devices for Child Occupants of
Power-driven Vehicles
机动车儿童乘员用约束系统
1 Scope
This standard specifies the terms and definitions of restraining devices for child occupants of power-driven vehicles (hereinafter referred to as child restraint system), the requirements for installation and fixation on vehicles, structure of restraint system as well as performance requirements and test methods for restraint system assembly and its component parts.
This standard applies to child restraint systems which are suitable for installation in power-driven vehicles having three or more wheels, and which are not intended for use with folding (tip-up) or with side-facing seats.
2 Normative References
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB/T 231.1-2009 Metallic Materials - Brinell Hardness Test - Part 1: Test Method (eqv ISO 6506-1: 1999)
GB/T 730 Textiles - Tests for Colour Fastness - Quality Control of Blue Wool Reference Materials 1 to 7 (GB 730-1998, eqv ISO 105-B: 1994)
GB/T 3505-2009 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface Texture: Profile Method - Terms Definitions and Surface Texture Parameters (eqv ISO 4287: 1997)
GB/T 4780 Terms for Motor Vehicle Body
GB 6675 National Safety Technical Code for Toys
GB 8410 Flammability of Automotive Interior Materials
GB 11552 The Interior Fittings of Passenger Car
GB 14166 Safety Belts and Restraint Systems for Adult Occupants of Motor Vehicles
GB 14167 Safety-belt Anchorages for Vehicles
ISO 6487: 2002 Road Vehicles - Measurement Techniques in Impact Tests - Instrumentation
ISO 17373: 2005 Road Vehicles - Sled Test Procedure for Evaluating Occupant Head and Neck Interactions with Seat/Head Restraint Designs in Low-speed Rear-end Impact
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the terms and definitions established in GB / T 4780 and the following ones apply.
3.1
Child restraint system
It means an arrangement of components which may comprise the combination of straps or flexible components with a securing buckle, adjusting devices, attachments and in some cases a supplementary device as a carry-cot, infant carrier, a supplementary chair and/or an impact shield, capable of being anchored to a power-driven vehicle. It is so designed as to diminish the risk of injury to the wearer, in the event of a collision or of abrupt deceleration of the vehicle, by limiting the mobility of the wearer's body.
3.2
Category
The child restraint system is classified according to the position on the vehicles.
3.2.1
Universal category
A category for use as specified in articles 4.2.1, 4.2.3.1 and 4.2.3.2 on most vehicle set positions, and in particular those which have been assessed according to GB 14166 as being compatible with such a category of child restraint.
3.2.2
Restricted category
A category for use as specified in articles 4.2.1 and 4.2.3.1 in designated seat positions for particular vehicle types as indicated by either the child restraint manufacturer or the vehicle manufacturer.
3.2.3
Semi-universal category
A category for use as specified in articles 4.2.1, 4.2.3.3 and 4.2.3.4.
3.2.4
Specific vehicle category
A category for use either on specific vehicle types, in accordance with articles 4.2.2 and 4.2.3.5; or as a child restraint system or "built in" child restraint equipped with anchorages designed either by the vehicle manufacturer or the child restraint manufacturer.
3.3
Class
The child restraint system may be classified according to the restraint method of child.
3.3.1
Integral class
The retention of the child within the restraint system is independent of any means directly connected to the vehicle.
3.3.2
Non-integral class
The retention of the child within the restraint system is dependent upon any means directly connected to the vehicle.
3.4
Partial restraint
A device, such as a booster cushion, which, when used in conjunction with an adult seat belt, which passes around the body of the child or restrains the device in which the child is placed, forms a complete child restraint system.
3.5
Booster cushion
It means a firm cushion, which can be used with an adult seat belt.
3.6
Guide strap
It means a strap which constrains the shoulder strap of the adult seatbelt in a position to suit the child and where the effective position at which the shoulder strap changes direction can be adjusted by means of a device which can be moved up and down the strap to locate the wearer's shoulder, and then locked into that position. This guide strap is not meant to carry a significant part of the dynamic load.
3.7
Child-safety chair
It means a child restraint incorporating a chair in which the child is held.
3.8
Belt
It means a child restraint comprising a combination of straps with a securing buckle, adjusting devices and attachments.
3.9
Chair
It means a structure which is a constituent part of the child restraint and is intended to accommodate a child in a seated position.
3.10
Carry cot
It means a restraint system intended to accommodate and restrain the child in a supine or prone position with the child's spine perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane of the vehicle. It is so designed as to distribute the restraining forces over the child's head and body excluding its limbs in the event of a collision.
3.11
Carry-cot restraint
It means a device used to restrain a carry-cot to the structure of the vehicle.
3.12
Infant carrier
It means a restraint system intended to accommodate the child in a rearward-facing semi-recumbent position. It is so designed as to distribute the restraining forces over the child's head and body excluding its limbs in the event of the frontal collision.
3.13
Chair support
It means that part of a child restraint by which the chair can be raised.
3.14
Child support
It means that part of a child restraint by which the child can be raised within the child restraint.
3.15
Impact shield
It means a device secured in front of the child and designed to distribute the restraining forces over the greater part of the height of the child's body in the event of a frontal impact.
3.16
Strap
It means a flexible component designed to transmit forces.
3.16.1
Lap strap
It means a strap which, either in the form of a complete belt or in the form of a component of such a belt, passes across the front of, and restrains, the child's pelvic region.
3.16.2
Shoulder restraint
It means that part of a belt which restrains the child's upper torso.
3.16.3
Crotch strap
It means a strap (or divided straps, where two or more pieces of webbing make it) attached to the child restraint and the lap strap and is so positioned as to pass between the child's thighs; it is designed to prevent the child sliding under the lap belt in normal use and prevent the lap belt moving up off the pelvis in an impact.
3.16.4
Child-restraining strap
It means a strap which is a constituent part of the belt and restrains only the body of the child;
3.16.5
Child-restraint attachment strap
It means a strap which attaches the child restraint to the structure of the vehicle and may be a part of the vehicle-seat retaining device.
3.16.6
Harness belt
It means a belt assembly comprising a lap belt, shoulder restraints and, where fitted, a crotch strap.
3.16.7
Y-shaped belt
It means a belt where the combination of straps is formed by a strap to be guided between the child's legs and a strap for each shoulder.
3.17
Buckle
Means a quick release device which enables the child to be held by the restraint or the restraint by the structure of the car and can be quickly opened. The buckle may incorporate the adjusting device.
3.17.1
Enclosed buckle release button
A buckle release button such that it must not be possible to release the buckle using a sphere having a diameter of 40 mm.
3.17.2
Non-enclosed buckle release button
A buckle release button such that it must be possible to release the buckle using a sphere having a diameter of 40 mm.
3.18
Adjusting device
It means a device enabling the restraint or its attachments to be adjusted to the physique of the wearer, the configuration of the vehicle, or both. The adjusting device may either be part of the buckle or be a retractor or any other part of the safety belt.
3.18.1
Quick adjuster
It means an adjusting device which can be operated by one hand in one smooth movement.
3.18.2
Adjuster mounted directly on child restraint
It means an adjuster for the integral harness which is directly mounted on the child restraint, as opposed to being directly supported by the webbing that it is designed to adjust.
3.19
Attachments
It means parts of the child restraint, including securing components, which enable the child restraint to be firmly secured to the vehicle structure either directly or through the vehicle seat.
3.20
Support leg
It means a permanent attachment to a child restraint creating a compressive load path between the child restraint and a vehicle structure in order to by-pass seat cushion effects during deceleration; a support leg may be adjustable.
3.21
Energy absorber
It means a device which is designed to dissipate energy independently of or jointly with the strap and forms part of a child restraint.
3.22
Retractor
It means a device designed to accommodate a part or the whole of the strap of a child restraint.
3.22.1
Automatically-locking retractor
A retractor which allows extraction of the desired length of a strap and, when the buckle is fastened, automatically adjusts the strap to the wearer's physique, further extraction of the strap without voluntary intervention by the wearer being prevented.
3.22.2
Emergency-locking retractor
A retractor which does not restrict the belt wearer's freedom of movement in normal driving conditions. Such a device has length-adjusting devices which automatically adjust the strap to the wearer's physique, and a locking mechanism actuated in an emergency by:
- deceleration of the vehicle, extraction of the strap from the retractor, or any other automatic means (single sensitivity);o r
- a combination of any of these means (multiple sensitivity).
3.23
ISOFIX anchorage
It is a system for the connection of child restraint systems to vehicles which has two vehicle rigid anchorages, two corresponding rigid attachments on the child restraint system and a mean to limit the pitch rotation of the child restraint system.
3.24
Restraint anchorages
It means these parts of the vehicle structure or seat structure to which the child-restraint attachments are secured.
3.25
Additional anchorage
It means a part of the vehicle structure or of the vehicle seat structure, or any other part of the vehicle, to which a child restraint is intended to be secured and which is additional to the anchorages approved under GB 14167. This includes the trolley floor pan as described in Appendix E or other structural features of a specific vehicle(s) when loaded by a support leg.
3.26
ISOFIX low anchorage
It means one 6 mm diameter rigid round horizontal bar, extending from vehicle or seat structure to accept and restrain an ISOFIX child restraint system with ISOFIX attachments.
3.27
ISOFIX anchorages system
Means a system made up of two ISOFIX low anchorages which is designed for attaching an ISOFIX child restraint system in conjunction with an anti-rotation device (see Figure 1).
3.28
Anti-rotation device
A device used to prevent the rotation of child restraint system along the travelling direction of vehicles. The structures of anti-rotation devices for different category of child restraint system are different:
- An anti-rotation device for an ISOFIX universal child restraint system consists of the ISOFIX top tether strap and its anchorages;
- An anti-rotation device for an ISOFIX semi-universal child restraint system consists of a top tether and its anchorages, the vehicle dashboard or a support leg intended to limit the rotation of the restraint during a frontal impact.
Note: For ISOFIX, universal and semi-universal, child restraint systems the vehicle seat itself do not constitute an anti-rotation device.
3.29
ISOFIX top tether anchorage
It means a feature fulfilling the requirements of GB 14167, such as a bar, located in a defined zone, designed to accept an ISOFIX top tether strap connector and transfer its restraint force to the vehicle structure.
Contents of GB 27887-2011
Contents
Foreword I
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 General Specifications
5 Particular Specifications
6 Tests
7 Test Report
9 Instructions
Appendix A (Informative) Structural Changes of This Standard over ECE R
Appendix B (Normative) Arrangement of Apparatus for Dust Resistance Test
Appendix C (Normative) Corrosion Test
Appendix D (Normative) Abrasion and Microslip Test
Appendix E (Normative) Description of Trolley
Appendix F (Normative) Curve of Trolley's Deceleration or Acceleration, as Function of Time
Appendix G (Normative) Description of Dummy
Appendix H (Normative) Frontal Impact Test Procedure
Appendix I (Normative) Rear Impact Test Procedure
Appendix J (Normative) Additional Anchorages Required for Attaching Child Restraints in the Semi-universal Category to Motor Vehicles
Appendix K (Normative) Chair
Appendix M (Normative) Standard Safety-belt
Appendix P (Informative) Explanatory Notes
Appendix Q (Normative) Test of Energy Absorbing Material
Appendix R (Normative) Method of Defining Head Impact Area of Devices with Backrests and for Rearward-facing Devices Defining the Minimum Size of Side Wings
Appendix S (Normative) Description of Conditioning of Adjusters Mounted Directly on Child Restraint Systems
Appendix T (Normative) Typical Buckle Strength Test Device
Appendix U (Normative) Dynamic Crash Test Installation
Appendix X (Normative) Lower Torso Body Block Test
Figure 1 ISOFIX Anchorages System Sketch Map
Figure 2 Example of ISOFIX Attachments
Figure 3 Maximum Dimensions of ISOFIX Child Restraint System Attachment
Figure 4 Dimensions of ISOFIX Top Tether Connector (Hook Type)
Figure 5 Arrangement for Testing a Forward-facing Device
Figure 6 Arrangement for Testing a Rearward-facing Device
Figure 7 Arrangement for Testing Child Restraint Devices Group 0, Not Supported by the Dashboard
Figure 8 Arrangement for Testing Child Restraint Devices, Except Group 0, Not Supported by the Dashboard
Figure 9 Class A Device
Figure 10 Schematic Layout of Class B Lock-Off Device Test
Figure 11 Warning Label Pattern for Child Restraint System
Figure 12 Pictogram of Logo ISOFIX
Figure 13 Graphic Symbols
Figure 14 Instruction Diagram
Figure B.1 Arrangement of Apparatus for Dust Resistance Test
Figure D.1 Procedure Type
Figure D.2 Procedure Type
Figure D.3 Microslip Test
Figure E.1 Arrangement of Testing a Rearward-facing Device
Figure E.2 Dimensions of the Seat and the Seat Cushions
Figure E.3 Dimensions of the Aluminum Bottom-plate(Aluminum Plate before Bending)
Figure E.4 Dimensions of the Cover Material
Figure E.5 3- Dimensional View of Seat
Figure E.6 Stopping Device Frontal Impact Dimensions
Figure E.7 Overall Dimension of Stopping Device Olive-shaped Knob
Figure E.8 Internal Dimension of Stopping Device Olive-shaped Knob
Figure E.9 Stopping Device Rear Impact Dimension
Figure E.10 Polyurethane Tube Dimension
Figure E.11 Arrangement of Anchorages for Test Trolley
Figure E.12 Arrangement Figure of Anchorages for Test Trolley
Figure E.13 Anchorage Point H1 and H
Figure F.1 Curve of Trolley's Deceleration or Acceleration, as Function of Time in Frontal Impact
Figure F.2 Curve of Trolley's Deceleration or Acceleration, as Function of Time in Rear Impact
Figure G.1 Principal Dimensions of Dummy
Figure G.2 Calibration of the Neck Cable
Figure G.3 Calibration of Atlas-Axis Joint
Figure G.4 Calibration of Hip Joint
Figure G.5 Calibration Knee Joint
Figure G.6 Calibration of Shoulder Joint
Figure G.7 Calibration of Elbow Joint
Figure G.8 Calibration of Lumbar Cable
Figure G.9 Calibration of Lumbar Cable
Figure G.10 Principal Dimensions of Infant Dummy
Figure G.11 Calibration of Shoulder Stiffness
Figure G.12 Calibration of Leg Joint
Figure G.13 Principal Dimensions of the 18 Months Dummy
Figure G.14 Calibration of Lumbar Spine
Figure G.15 Calibration of Abdomen
Figure G.16 Calibration of Neck
Figure K.1 Inner Height of Child Restraint System Chair
Figure M.1 Standard Seat Belt Configurations
Figure M.2 Typical Standard Anchorage Plate
Figure M.3 Central Part of the Standard Belt Configuration
Figure M.4 Pillar Loop
Figure Q.1 Headrest
Figure S.1 Operation Method of Adjuster
Figure T.1 Typical Buckle Strength Test Device
Figure U.1 Dynamic Crash Test Installation
Figure X.1 Truncated P10 Dummy Block
Figure X.2 Booster Pull Test Using Dummy Block
Table 1 Corresponding Relationship between the Mass Group and ISOFIX Size Category
Table 2 Possible Configurations for Approval Groups / Categories Table
Table 3 Dynamic Test Conditions for Different Test Types
Table 4 General Conditions FOR Abrasion Test Procedure
Table 5 Channel Frequency Class
Table 6 Dimensional Tolerance in the Test
Table A.1 Chapter and Article Contrast between This Standard and ECE R
Table E.1 Characteristics of Polyurethane Foam Used for the Back and Seating
Table E.2 Characteristics of Sun Shade Cloth
Table E.3 Characteristics of the Absorbing Material A
Table E.4 Characteristics of the Absorbing Material B(ASTM D2000)
Table F.1 Definition of the Different Curves in Frontal Impact
Table F.2 Definition of the Different Curves in Rear Impact
Table G.1 Mass of Different Components by Age Group
Table G.2 Dimensions of Seated Dummy
Table G.3 Principal Dimensions of the "New-born" Dummy
Table G.4 Mass Distribution of the "New-born" Dummy
Table G.5 Mass Distribution of the 18 Months Dummy
Table G.6 Principal Dimensions of the 18 Months Dummy
