Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAT/TC 309 National Technical Committee on Hydrogen Energy of Standardization Administration of China.
Introduction
This standard provides technical reference for liquid hydrogen production system, and the safety requirements of liquid hydrogen production system shall be subject to laws and regulations, mandatory national standards and other relevant regulations.
Technical specification for liquid hydrogen production system
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic technical requirements of liquid hydrogen production systems, as well as the requirements in hydrogen liquefaction device, liquid hydrogen storage, hydrogen discharge, automatic control and detection analysis, electrical facilities, lightning protection, anti-static and protective grounding, auxiliary facilities and safety protection.
This standard is applicable to the design of constructed, renovated, extended liquid hydrogen production system.
This standard is not applicable to liquid hydrogen production systems in military, national defense and aerospace fields.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 3836.4 Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i”
GB 3836.14 Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmosphere
GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 4830 Industrial process measurement and control instruments - Pressure range and quality of air supply
GB 4962 Technical safety regulation for gaseous hydrogen use
GB/T 8175 Guide for design of thermal insulation of equipment and pipes
GB/T 8979 Pure nitrogen, high purity nitrogen and ultra-pure nitrogen
GB/T 24499 Technology glossary for gaseous hydrogen, hydrogen energy and hydrogen energy system
GB/T 24925 Low temperature valve - Technical specifications
GB/T 31480 Materials for high vacuum multilayer insulation of cryogenic vessel
GB/T 31481 Guidance for gas/materials compatibility of cryogenic vessels
GB/T 40060 Technical requirements for storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
GB/T 50050 Code for design of industrial recirculating cooling water treatment
GB 50052 Code for design electric power supply systems
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
GB 50140 Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings
GB 50177 Design code for hydrogen station
GB 50516 Technical code for hydrogen fuelling station
GB 50974 Code of design on fire protection water supply and hydrant systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 24499 and the following apply.
3.1
liquid hydrogen production system
general name of hydrogen source device, hydrogen liquefaction device, liquid hydrogen storage device, liquid hydrogen filling device, automatic control device, analysis and test device, auxiliary device for liquid hydrogen preparation, electrical facilities, pipeline accessories, etc.
3.2
hydrogen liquefaction device
process device for realizing liquefaction of gaseous hydrogen as raw material, including compressor, heat exchanger, ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter, vacuum pump, purifier, turbo expander and other unit equipment, as well as various pipelines, valves and instruments
3.3
cold box (liquefier)
low-temperature insulation equipment which condenses hydrogen into liquid hydrogen by continuously extracting heat from hydrogen in thermodynamic process
Note: It is composed of turbo expander, low-temperature purifier, heat exchanger, and ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter.
3.4
ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter
device for converting ortho-hydrogen into para-hydrogen by using a special catalyst
3.5
liquid hydrogen storage vessel
pressure vessel for storing liquid hydrogen
3.6
liquid hydrogen receiving tank
storage vessel for receiving liquid hydrogen products produced by hydrogen liquefaction device and having liquid hydrogen transfer function
4 Basic technical requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The layout of the liquid hydrogen production system shall follow the principles of safe production and resource saving, and it shall feature in clear functional division and reasonable partition setting for safe and reliable operation.
4.1.2 The liquid hydrogen production system shall be far away from densely populated areas and adjacent traffic arteries, and shall meet relevant requirements of GB 50177.
4.1.3 There shall be no less than two safety exits in the places with liquid hydrogen production system, and they shall be distributed in a dispersed way.
4.1.4 The liquid hydrogen production system should be arranged in an independent single-storey building (structure), which may be open or semi-open. The design of the building (structure) shall meet the requirements of GB 50177. If it is arranged in a building, the dead angle with hydrogen accumulation shall be avoided in the design of the building, and an exhaust system shall be set at the top of the building.
4.1.5 The buildings (structures) of the liquid hydrogen production system shall not be provided with staff quarters, offices or lounges, etc.
4.1.6 The road width in the area of liquid hydrogen production system shall not be less than 4m, the clearance height of road surface shall not be less than 4.5m, and the roads in the process device that also serve as fire lanes shall be interconnected.
4.1.7 The liquid hydrogen storage vessel with more connecting pipelines or larger pipe diameters should be arranged near the inlet and outlet of pipelines in the tank farm.
4.2 Setting of liquid hydrogen production system
4.2.1 The configuration of hydrogen liquefaction devices, various storage vessels and auxiliary devices in the liquid hydrogen production system shall be determined according to the production scale of raw material hydrogen and liquid hydrogen and the type of hydrogen liquefaction technology.
4.2.2 The preparation method of raw material hydrogen shall be determined after technical and economic evaluation according to the conditions of local resources.
4.2.3 The hydrogen liquefaction device, hydrogen source device and liquid hydrogen storage vessel should be set up centrally, and shall meet the relevant requirements of GB 50177.
4.2.4 The hydrogen liquefaction device, hydrogen source device and liquid hydrogen storage vessel should be set at the edge of the plant area with flat and open terrain and good natural ventilation. Anti-collision walls or fences should be set, and obvious fire prohibition signs and safety warning signs shall be set.
4.3 Pipeline, valves and accessories
4.3.1 The design of pipelines and their accessories shall meet relevant national standards and technical specifications for safety of special equipment.
4.3.2 The liquid hydrogen pipeline and pipeline joint shall be provided with cold and heat compensation structure when necessary.
4.3.3 The low-temperature liquid pipeline shall be provided with measures to prevent overpressure caused by pipeline temperature rise.
4.3.4 The insulation mode, insulation material and insulation layer thickness of pipeline shall be determined according to the requirements of medium temperature and cold loss. Multi-layer insulation materials should be used for vacuum insulation pipeline, and the main technical performance shall meet the requirements of GB/T 31480 and GB/T 31481. The main technical performance of non-vacuum insulation pipeline shall meet the requirements of GB/T 8175.
4.3.5 Selection of pipeline valves and welding of pipeline joints shall meet the relevant requirements of GB 50177.
4.3.6 The minimum clear distance between pipelines and other overhead pipelines, buried pipelines and buildings shall meet the relevant requirement of GB 50177.
4.3.7 The configuration of liquid hydrogen transfer pipeline shall meet the following requirements:
a) Its materials shall be compatible with liquid hydrogen;
b) Thermal insulation measures shall be provided;
c) The inside of the pipeline shall be carefully cleaned and dried to remove grease, moisture and mechanical impurities;
d) Welding should be adopted for pipeline connection, and pipe joints shall be sealed and reliable;
e) The liquid hydrogen transfer pipeline shall be laid on the ground, and the layout of the pipeline shall avoid crossing with the road. If the open trench is used due to conditions, measures shall be taken to prevent hydrogen from accumulating in the trench, and the inlet and outlet devices and buildings shall be sealed off;
f) The length of the pipeline should be short, and the dead zone shall be reduced. The joints shall be insulated well.
4.3.8 Long-distance fixed pipelines at normal temperature or low temperature shall be provided with brackets that allow axial expansion and contraction and limit radial movement at regular intervals, and shall be provided with reliable grounding measures.
4.4 Low-temperature valve
4.4.1 The technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules, etc. regarding the low-temperature valves shall be consistent with the relevant requirements of GB/T 24925.
4.4.2 The insulation form of the valve shall be determined according to the function of the low-temperature valve and the position of the valve.
4.4.3 Low-temperature valves shall have good sealing performance and flexible state in low-temperature environment.
4.4.4 The flow passage in the inner cavity of the low-temperature valve shall be unblocked to ensure the smooth blowing and replacement. Low-temperature valve with complex structure shall be provided with blow-off port.
5 Hydrogen liquefaction device
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 The technological process and unit equipment selection of hydrogen liquefaction device shall be determined according to the technical requirements of production process, production scale and product quality.
5.1.2 The process flow shall be designed according to the low temperature characteristics and pressure parameters of the process medium used in liquid hydrogen production.
5.1.3 The pre-cooling mode of hydrogen liquefaction cycle shall be determined according to the production scale and other conditions, and refrigeration device or outsourcing cold source are set for liquid hydrogen production system accordingly. When adopting liquid nitrogen pre-cooling process, a liquid nitrogen storage vessel should be provided, and its volume should meet the liquid nitrogen storage capacity required for liquid hydrogen production for 3d.
5.1.4 Liquefaction process equipment shall be reasonably arranged according to the sequence of process flow and site conditions, and the position difference shall be fully utilized. The distance between equipment and equipment, equipment and building (structure) components shall meet the requirements of production operation, installation and maintenance, overhead pipeline, underground channel, etc.
5.1.5 The hydrogen compressor should be set in a separate building (structure). The hydrogen concentration alarm device shall be set at the place where hydrogen is easy to accumulate in the hydrogen compressor room, and it shall be linked with the mechanical exhaust fan.
5.1.6 Unit equipment shall not be located on both sides of the building deformation joint in a crossing way.
5.1.7 The heating time of hydrogen liquefaction device shall not be less than the cooling time.
5.2 Configuration of process equipment
5.2.1 The configuration of process equipment shall be determined by technical and economic comparison according to product quality requirements, liquefaction process flow and its technical parameters, equipment production capacity and equipment use efficiency.
5.2.2 The process equipment shall be selected according to material type, flow rate, temperature, pressure and other factors.
5.2.3 The selection of compressor and turbo expander shall be determined according to the liquid hydrogen production capacity, process flow and technical parameters. Compressors, turbo expanders, vacuum pumps, water pumps and other equipment shall be selected as the products with high efficiency, stable operating performance, low noise, low failure rate and convenient maintenance.
5.2.4 The pressure vessel of Hydrogen liquefaction equipment shall meet relevant national standards and safety technical regulations for special equipment.
5.2.5 The motors and machinery equipment installed outdoors shall be provided with anti-rust and protective measures. The motor shall meet the relevant requirements given in GB/T 4208.
5.2.6 Measures shall be taken to prevent resonance for units, auxiliary equipment and pipelines which are prone to vibration in liquid hydrogen system.
5.2.7 If an oil-lubricated compressor is used, an oil removal system shall be provided.
5.2.8 Reinforcement measures should be taken for compressor vent pipeline.
5.2.9 The selection of adsorbent for low-temperature purification shall be determined according to the requirements of impurity components in hydrogen before purification and impurity content in hydrogen after purification.
5.2.10 The ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter is divided into adiabatic reactor, isothermal reactor and continuous reactor. The combination of different types of conversion reactors should be selected and used for ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic conversion in hydrogen liquefaction device according to the requirements of liquid hydrogen production process.
5.2.11 The positive pressure replacement shall be adopted for purging and replacement of process equipment and pipelines, which shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 40060.
Foreword II Introduction III 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions 4 Basic technical requirements 5 Hydrogen liquefaction device 6 Liquid hydrogen storage 7 Hydrogen discharge 8 Automatic control and detection analysis 9 Electrical facilities 10 Lightning protection, anti-static and protective grounding 11 Auxiliary facilities 12 Safety protection
Codeofchina.com is in charge of this English translation. In case of any doubt about the English translation, the Chinese original shall be considered authoritative.
This standard is developed in accordance with the rules given in GB/T 1.1-2009.
This standard was proposed by and is under the jurisdiction of SAT/TC 309 National Technical Committee on Hydrogen Energy of Standardization Administration of China.
Introduction
This standard provides technical reference for liquid hydrogen production system, and the safety requirements of liquid hydrogen production system shall be subject to laws and regulations, mandatory national standards and other relevant regulations.
Technical specification for liquid hydrogen production system
1 Scope
This standard specifies the basic technical requirements of liquid hydrogen production systems, as well as the requirements in hydrogen liquefaction device, liquid hydrogen storage, hydrogen discharge, automatic control and detection analysis, electrical facilities, lightning protection, anti-static and protective grounding, auxiliary facilities and safety protection.
This standard is applicable to the design of constructed, renovated, extended liquid hydrogen production system.
This standard is not applicable to liquid hydrogen production systems in military, national defense and aerospace fields.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
GB 3836.4 Explosive atmospheres - Part 4: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety “i”
GB 3836.14 Explosive atmospheres - Part 14: Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmosphere
GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)
GB/T 4830 Industrial process measurement and control instruments - Pressure range and quality of air supply
GB 4962 Technical safety regulation for gaseous hydrogen use
GB/T 8175 Guide for design of thermal insulation of equipment and pipes
GB/T 8979 Pure nitrogen, high purity nitrogen and ultra-pure nitrogen
GB/T 24499 Technology glossary for gaseous hydrogen, hydrogen energy and hydrogen energy system
GB/T 24925 Low temperature valve - Technical specifications
GB/T 31480 Materials for high vacuum multilayer insulation of cryogenic vessel
GB/T 31481 Guidance for gas/materials compatibility of cryogenic vessels
GB/T 40045 Fuel specification for hydrogen powered vehicles - Liquid hydrogen (LH2)
GB/T 40060 Technical requirements for storage and transportation of liquid hydrogen
GB 50016 Code for fire protection design of buildings
GB/T 50050 Code for design of industrial recirculating cooling water treatment
GB 50052 Code for design electric power supply systems
GB 50057 Code for design protection of structures against lightning
GB 50058 Code for design of electrical installations in explosive atmospheres
GB 50140 Code for design of extinguisher distribution in buildings
GB 50177 Design code for hydrogen station
GB 50516 Technical code for hydrogen fuelling station
GB 50974 Code of design on fire protection water supply and hydrant systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in GB/T 24499 and the following apply.
3.1
liquid hydrogen production system
general name of hydrogen source device, hydrogen liquefaction device, liquid hydrogen storage device, liquid hydrogen filling device, automatic control device, analysis and test device, auxiliary device for liquid hydrogen preparation, electrical facilities, pipeline accessories, etc.
3.2
hydrogen liquefaction device
process device for realizing liquefaction of gaseous hydrogen as raw material, including compressor, heat exchanger, ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter, vacuum pump, purifier, turbo expander and other unit equipment, as well as various pipelines, valves and instruments
3.3
cold box (liquefier)
low-temperature insulation equipment which condenses hydrogen into liquid hydrogen by continuously extracting heat from hydrogen in thermodynamic process
Note: It is composed of turbo expander, low-temperature purifier, heat exchanger, and ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter.
3.4
ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter
device for converting ortho-hydrogen into para-hydrogen by using a special catalyst
3.5
liquid hydrogen storage vessel
pressure vessel for storing liquid hydrogen
3.6
liquid hydrogen receiving tank
storage vessel for receiving liquid hydrogen products produced by hydrogen liquefaction device and having liquid hydrogen transfer function
4 Basic technical requirements
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 The layout of the liquid hydrogen production system shall follow the principles of safe production and resource saving, and it shall feature in clear functional division and reasonable partition setting for safe and reliable operation.
4.1.2 The liquid hydrogen production system shall be far away from densely populated areas and adjacent traffic arteries, and shall meet relevant requirements of GB 50177.
4.1.3 There shall be no less than two safety exits in the places with liquid hydrogen production system, and they shall be distributed in a dispersed way.
4.1.4 The liquid hydrogen production system should be arranged in an independent single-storey building (structure), which may be open or semi-open. The design of the building (structure) shall meet the requirements of GB 50177. If it is arranged in a building, the dead angle with hydrogen accumulation shall be avoided in the design of the building, and an exhaust system shall be set at the top of the building.
4.1.5 The buildings (structures) of the liquid hydrogen production system shall not be provided with staff quarters, offices or lounges, etc.
4.1.6 The road width in the area of liquid hydrogen production system shall not be less than 4m, the clearance height of road surface shall not be less than 4.5m, and the roads in the process device that also serve as fire lanes shall be interconnected.
4.1.7 The liquid hydrogen storage vessel with more connecting pipelines or larger pipe diameters should be arranged near the inlet and outlet of pipelines in the tank farm.
4.2 Setting of liquid hydrogen production system
4.2.1 The configuration of hydrogen liquefaction devices, various storage vessels and auxiliary devices in the liquid hydrogen production system shall be determined according to the production scale of raw material hydrogen and liquid hydrogen and the type of hydrogen liquefaction technology.
4.2.2 The preparation method of raw material hydrogen shall be determined after technical and economic evaluation according to the conditions of local resources.
4.2.3 The hydrogen liquefaction device, hydrogen source device and liquid hydrogen storage vessel should be set up centrally, and shall meet the relevant requirements of GB 50177.
4.2.4 The hydrogen liquefaction device, hydrogen source device and liquid hydrogen storage vessel should be set at the edge of the plant area with flat and open terrain and good natural ventilation. Anti-collision walls or fences should be set, and obvious fire prohibition signs and safety warning signs shall be set.
4.3 Pipeline, valves and accessories
4.3.1 The design of pipelines and their accessories shall meet relevant national standards and technical specifications for safety of special equipment.
4.3.2 The liquid hydrogen pipeline and pipeline joint shall be provided with cold and heat compensation structure when necessary.
4.3.3 The low-temperature liquid pipeline shall be provided with measures to prevent overpressure caused by pipeline temperature rise.
4.3.4 The insulation mode, insulation material and insulation layer thickness of pipeline shall be determined according to the requirements of medium temperature and cold loss. Multi-layer insulation materials should be used for vacuum insulation pipeline, and the main technical performance shall meet the requirements of GB/T 31480 and GB/T 31481. The main technical performance of non-vacuum insulation pipeline shall meet the requirements of GB/T 8175.
4.3.5 Selection of pipeline valves and welding of pipeline joints shall meet the relevant requirements of GB 50177.
4.3.6 The minimum clear distance between pipelines and other overhead pipelines, buried pipelines and buildings shall meet the relevant requirement of GB 50177.
4.3.7 The configuration of liquid hydrogen transfer pipeline shall meet the following requirements:
a) Its materials shall be compatible with liquid hydrogen;
b) Thermal insulation measures shall be provided;
c) The inside of the pipeline shall be carefully cleaned and dried to remove grease, moisture and mechanical impurities;
d) Welding should be adopted for pipeline connection, and pipe joints shall be sealed and reliable;
e) The liquid hydrogen transfer pipeline shall be laid on the ground, and the layout of the pipeline shall avoid crossing with the road. If the open trench is used due to conditions, measures shall be taken to prevent hydrogen from accumulating in the trench, and the inlet and outlet devices and buildings shall be sealed off;
f) The length of the pipeline should be short, and the dead zone shall be reduced. The joints shall be insulated well.
4.3.8 Long-distance fixed pipelines at normal temperature or low temperature shall be provided with brackets that allow axial expansion and contraction and limit radial movement at regular intervals, and shall be provided with reliable grounding measures.
4.4 Low-temperature valve
4.4.1 The technical requirements, test methods and inspection rules, etc. regarding the low-temperature valves shall be consistent with the relevant requirements of GB/T 24925.
4.4.2 The insulation form of the valve shall be determined according to the function of the low-temperature valve and the position of the valve.
4.4.3 Low-temperature valves shall have good sealing performance and flexible state in low-temperature environment.
4.4.4 The flow passage in the inner cavity of the low-temperature valve shall be unblocked to ensure the smooth blowing and replacement. Low-temperature valve with complex structure shall be provided with blow-off port.
5 Hydrogen liquefaction device
5.1 General requirements
5.1.1 The technological process and unit equipment selection of hydrogen liquefaction device shall be determined according to the technical requirements of production process, production scale and product quality.
5.1.2 The process flow shall be designed according to the low temperature characteristics and pressure parameters of the process medium used in liquid hydrogen production.
5.1.3 The pre-cooling mode of hydrogen liquefaction cycle shall be determined according to the production scale and other conditions, and refrigeration device or outsourcing cold source are set for liquid hydrogen production system accordingly. When adopting liquid nitrogen pre-cooling process, a liquid nitrogen storage vessel should be provided, and its volume should meet the liquid nitrogen storage capacity required for liquid hydrogen production for 3d.
5.1.4 Liquefaction process equipment shall be reasonably arranged according to the sequence of process flow and site conditions, and the position difference shall be fully utilized. The distance between equipment and equipment, equipment and building (structure) components shall meet the requirements of production operation, installation and maintenance, overhead pipeline, underground channel, etc.
5.1.5 The hydrogen compressor should be set in a separate building (structure). The hydrogen concentration alarm device shall be set at the place where hydrogen is easy to accumulate in the hydrogen compressor room, and it shall be linked with the mechanical exhaust fan.
5.1.6 Unit equipment shall not be located on both sides of the building deformation joint in a crossing way.
5.1.7 The heating time of hydrogen liquefaction device shall not be less than the cooling time.
5.2 Configuration of process equipment
5.2.1 The configuration of process equipment shall be determined by technical and economic comparison according to product quality requirements, liquefaction process flow and its technical parameters, equipment production capacity and equipment use efficiency.
5.2.2 The process equipment shall be selected according to material type, flow rate, temperature, pressure and other factors.
5.2.3 The selection of compressor and turbo expander shall be determined according to the liquid hydrogen production capacity, process flow and technical parameters. Compressors, turbo expanders, vacuum pumps, water pumps and other equipment shall be selected as the products with high efficiency, stable operating performance, low noise, low failure rate and convenient maintenance.
5.2.4 The pressure vessel of Hydrogen liquefaction equipment shall meet relevant national standards and safety technical regulations for special equipment.
5.2.5 The motors and machinery equipment installed outdoors shall be provided with anti-rust and protective measures. The motor shall meet the relevant requirements given in GB/T 4208.
5.2.6 Measures shall be taken to prevent resonance for units, auxiliary equipment and pipelines which are prone to vibration in liquid hydrogen system.
5.2.7 If an oil-lubricated compressor is used, an oil removal system shall be provided.
5.2.8 Reinforcement measures should be taken for compressor vent pipeline.
5.2.9 The selection of adsorbent for low-temperature purification shall be determined according to the requirements of impurity components in hydrogen before purification and impurity content in hydrogen after purification.
5.2.10 The ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic converter is divided into adiabatic reactor, isothermal reactor and continuous reactor. The combination of different types of conversion reactors should be selected and used for ortho-para-hydrogen catalytic conversion in hydrogen liquefaction device according to the requirements of liquid hydrogen production process.
5.2.11 The positive pressure replacement shall be adopted for purging and replacement of process equipment and pipelines, which shall meet the relevant requirements of GB/T 40060.
Contents of GB/T 40061-2021
Foreword II
Introduction III
1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
4 Basic technical requirements
5 Hydrogen liquefaction device
6 Liquid hydrogen storage
7 Hydrogen discharge
8 Automatic control and detection analysis
9 Electrical facilities
10 Lightning protection, anti-static and protective grounding
11 Auxiliary facilities
12 Safety protection
