1 Scope
This Standard specifies a small-scale laboratory screening procedure for comparing the relative burning behaviour of vertically or horizontally oriented specimens made from plastic and other non-metallic materials, exposed to a small-flame ignition source of 50 W nominal power.
These test methods determine the linear burning rate and the afterflame/afterglow times, as well as the damaged length of specimens. They are applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent density of not less than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance with GB/T 64633. They do not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting; ISO 9773 should be used for thin flexible materials.
The test methods described provide classification systems (see 8.4 and 9.4), which may be used for quality assurance, or the pre-selection of component materials of products.
The methods may be used for the pre-selection of a material, providing positive results are obtained at a thickness equal to the smallest thickness used in the application.
Note: Test results are influenced by material components, e.g. pigments, fillers and fire-retardants, and properties such as the direction of anisotropy and the molecular mass.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 1844.1-2008 Plastics — Symbols and Abbreviated Terms — Part 1: Basic Polymers and Their Special Characteristics (ISO 1043. 1:2001, IDT)
GB/T 2918-1998 Plastics — Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing (idt ISO 291:1997)
GB/T 5169.5-1997 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products — Part 5: Test Flames — Needle Test Method — Apparatus Confirmatory Arrangement and Guidance (idt IEC 60695-2-2:1991)
GB/T 5169.17-2002 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products — Part 17: Test Flames — 500W Flame Test Methods (idt IEC 60695-11-20:1999)
GB/T 5471-2008 Plastics — Compression Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermosetting Materials (ISO 295:2004, IDT)
GB/T 6343-1995 Cellular Plastics and Rubbers — Determination of Apparent (Bulk) Density (ISO 845:1988, IDT)
GB/T 6379.2-2004 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results — Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method
GB/T 9352-2008 Plastic — Compression Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials (ISO 293:2004,IDT)
GB/T 12006.1-1989 Polyamides — Determination of Viscosity Number (neq ISO 307:1994)
GB/T 17037.1-1997 Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 1: General Principles and Moulding of Multipurpose and Bar Test Specimens (ISO 294-1:1996, IDT)
GB/T 17037.3-2003 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part3: Small Plates (ISO 294-3:2002,IDT)
GB/T 17037.4-2003 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 4: Determination of Moulding Shrinkage (ISO 294-4:2001, IDT)
ISO 294-2:1996 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 2: Small Tensile Baes
ISO 294-5:2001 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 5: Preparation of Standard Specimens for Investigating Anisotropy
ISO 9773:1998 Plastics — Determination of Burning Behaviour of Thin Flexible Vertical Specimens in Contact with a Small-flame Ignition Source
ISO 10093:1998 Plastics — Fire Tests — Standard Ignition Sources
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1990 Guidelines for the Inclusion of Safety Aspects in Standards
IEC Guide 104:1997 The preparation of Safety Publications and the Use of Basic Safety Publications and Group Safety Publications
IEC 60695-11-4:2004 Fire Hazard Testing — Part 11-4: Test Flames — 50 W Flames — Apparatus and Confirmational Test Methods
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purpose of this Standard, the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1 Afterflame
Persistence of flaming of a material under specified test conditions, after the ignition source has been removed.
3.2 Afterflame time (t1, t2)
The length of time during which an afterflame persists.
3.3 Afterglow
Persistence of glowing of a material under specified test conditions, after cessation of flaming or, if no flaming occurs, after the ignition source has been removed.
3.4 Afterglow time (t3)
The length of time during which an afterglow persists.
4 Principle
A rectangular bar-shaped test specimen is supported horizontally or vertically by one end and the free end is exposed to a specified test flame. The burning behaviour of the horizontally supported bar is assessed by measuring the linear burning rate. The burning behaviour of the vertically supported bar is assessed by measuring the afterflame and afterglow times, the extent of burning and dripping of flaming particles.
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Principle
5 Significance of Test
6 Apparatus
7 Specimens
8 Test Method A — Horizontal burning Test
9 Test Method B — Vertical Burning Test
Appendix A (Informative) Precision of Test Method A
Appendix B (Informative) Precision of Test Method B
Bibliography
1 Scope
This Standard specifies a small-scale laboratory screening procedure for comparing the relative burning behaviour of vertically or horizontally oriented specimens made from plastic and other non-metallic materials, exposed to a small-flame ignition source of 50 W nominal power.
These test methods determine the linear burning rate and the afterflame/afterglow times, as well as the damaged length of specimens. They are applicable to solid and cellular materials that have an apparent density of not less than 250 kg/m3, determined in accordance with GB/T 64633. They do not apply to materials that shrink away from the applied flame without igniting; ISO 9773 should be used for thin flexible materials.
The test methods described provide classification systems (see 8.4 and 9.4), which may be used for quality assurance, or the pre-selection of component materials of products.
The methods may be used for the pre-selection of a material, providing positive results are obtained at a thickness equal to the smallest thickness used in the application.
Note: Test results are influenced by material components, e.g. pigments, fillers and fire-retardants, and properties such as the direction of anisotropy and the molecular mass.
2 Normative References
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
GB/T 1844.1-2008 Plastics — Symbols and Abbreviated Terms — Part 1: Basic Polymers and Their Special Characteristics (ISO 1043. 1:2001, IDT)
GB/T 2918-1998 Plastics — Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning and Testing (idt ISO 291:1997)
GB/T 5169.5-1997 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products — Part 5: Test Flames — Needle Test Method — Apparatus Confirmatory Arrangement and Guidance (idt IEC 60695-2-2:1991)
GB/T 5169.17-2002 Fire Hazard Testing for Electric and Electronic Products — Part 17: Test Flames — 500W Flame Test Methods (idt IEC 60695-11-20:1999)
GB/T 5471-2008 Plastics — Compression Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermosetting Materials (ISO 295:2004, IDT)
GB/T 6343-1995 Cellular Plastics and Rubbers — Determination of Apparent (Bulk) Density (ISO 845:1988, IDT)
GB/T 6379.2-2004 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results — Part 2: Basic Method for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method
GB/T 9352-2008 Plastic — Compression Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials (ISO 293:2004,IDT)
GB/T 12006.1-1989 Polyamides — Determination of Viscosity Number (neq ISO 307:1994)
GB/T 17037.1-1997 Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 1: General Principles and Moulding of Multipurpose and Bar Test Specimens (ISO 294-1:1996, IDT)
GB/T 17037.3-2003 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part3: Small Plates (ISO 294-3:2002,IDT)
GB/T 17037.4-2003 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 4: Determination of Moulding Shrinkage (ISO 294-4:2001, IDT)
ISO 294-2:1996 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 2: Small Tensile Baes
ISO 294-5:2001 Plastics — Injection Moulding of Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Materials — Part 5: Preparation of Standard Specimens for Investigating Anisotropy
ISO 9773:1998 Plastics — Determination of Burning Behaviour of Thin Flexible Vertical Specimens in Contact with a Small-flame Ignition Source
ISO 10093:1998 Plastics — Fire Tests — Standard Ignition Sources
ISO/IEC Guide 51:1990 Guidelines for the Inclusion of Safety Aspects in Standards
IEC Guide 104:1997 The preparation of Safety Publications and the Use of Basic Safety Publications and Group Safety Publications
IEC 60695-11-4:2004 Fire Hazard Testing — Part 11-4: Test Flames — 50 W Flames — Apparatus and Confirmational Test Methods
3 Terms and Definitions
For the purpose of this Standard, the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1 Afterflame
Persistence of flaming of a material under specified test conditions, after the ignition source has been removed.
3.2 Afterflame time (t1, t2)
The length of time during which an afterflame persists.
3.3 Afterglow
Persistence of glowing of a material under specified test conditions, after cessation of flaming or, if no flaming occurs, after the ignition source has been removed.
3.4 Afterglow time (t3)
The length of time during which an afterglow persists.
4 Principle
A rectangular bar-shaped test specimen is supported horizontally or vertically by one end and the free end is exposed to a specified test flame. The burning behaviour of the horizontally supported bar is assessed by measuring the linear burning rate. The burning behaviour of the vertically supported bar is assessed by measuring the afterflame and afterglow times, the extent of burning and dripping of flaming particles.
Contents of GB/T 2408-2008/XG1-2018
Foreword II
1 Scope
2 Normative References
3 Terms and Definitions
4 Principle
5 Significance of Test
6 Apparatus
7 Specimens
8 Test Method A — Horizontal burning Test
9 Test Method B — Vertical Burning Test
Appendix A (Informative) Precision of Test Method A
Appendix B (Informative) Precision of Test Method B
Bibliography
